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The different Sciences and Arts are digested into the Form of distinct Treatises or Systems;

Including the

LATEST DISCOVERIES AND IMPROVEMENTS;

WITH THE NATURAL, CIVIL, MILITARY, AND COMMERCIAL HISTORY, AND BIOGRAPHY OF EMINENT MEN,

OF ALL NATIONS;

A DESCRIPTION OF

ALL THE COUNTRIES, CITIES, SEAS, RIVERS, &c. OF THE KNOWN WORLD.

Including also

THE WHOLE OF DR. JOHNSON's

DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

COMPILED FROM EVERY SOURCE OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN LITERATURE; AND ILLUSTRATED WITH
UPWARDS OF THREE HUNDRED AND FORTY PLATES,

AND A COMPLETE AND ACCURATE ATLAS.

IN TWENTY THREE VOLUMES.

VOL. XI.

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR VERNOR, HOOD, AND SHARPE, 31, POULTRY;

AND THOMAS OSTELL, AVE MARIA LANE.

R. Morison, Printer, Perth.

1807.

AN

1 5 MAY 1968.

1

ENCYCLOPEDIA PERTHENSIS.

H

Hin as in
Is in English, as in other languages,

by trong emiffion of the breath, without any
conformation of the organs of speech, and is there-
fare by many grammarians accounted no letter.
The bin English is fcarcely ever mute at the be-
Ring of a word, or where it immediately pre-
cedes a vowel; as houfe, bebaviour: where it is
fred by a confonant it has no found, accor-
prefent pronunciation: but anciently,
By now in Scotland, it made the fyllable guttural;
da, rant, bought.

ce to the

iis ufed, 1. as a letter; 2. as an abbreviato; and, 3. as a numeral. Í, As a LETTER, H

8th in our alphabet, and the 6th confonant. Nothing can be more ridiculous than to dispute itsberga diftinct found, (See § 1) and formed in a particular manner by the organs of fpeech, at car language: witnefs the words all and bail, eat and beat, arm and harm, ear and hear,

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at and bar, &c. as pronounced with or without

theb. It is pronounced by a strong exfpiration of the breath between the lips, clofing, as it were, and the tongue nearly approaching the palate. It by a cute motion of the lower jaw to the upper,

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HAB

I was to boTION, H was used by the ancients to denote bo res bonorum; and H. S. corruptly for LLS. fefterce; and H A. for Hadrianus. III. As a NUMERAL, H denotes 200; and with a dash over it, A, 200,000.

*HA. interje&. [ha, Latin.] 1. An expreffion of wonder, furprife, fudden question, or sudden exertion.

You shall look fairer ere I give or hazard: What fays the golden chest ? ba ! let me fee.

Shak.

Ha! what art thou! thou horrid headless trunk!

It is my Haftings! Rowe's Jane Shore. 2. An expreffion of laughter. Ufed with reduplication. He faith among the trumpets ka, ha, and he fmelleth the battle afar off. Job xxxix. 25. Ha, ha, 'tis what fo long I with'd and vow'd; Our plots and delusions

Have wrought fuch confufions,

That the monarch's a glave to the crown, Dryd. HAA, an ifle on the N. coaft of Scotland, 34 miles SE. of Farout Head.

(1.) HAAG, or HAG, a town of Germany, in Bavaria, feated on a hill, on the W. fide of the Inn. Lon. 12. 23. E. Lat. 48. 16. N.

(2, 3.) HAAG, 2 towns of Auftria; 1. ten miles SE. of Ens: 2. eight m. WNW. of Schwanftadt. (1.) * HAAK. n. f. A fith. Ainsworth.

(2.) HAAK. See GADUS, N°6; and HAKE, 2. HAANO, one of the HAPAEE Ilands difcover

ed by Capt. Cook, in 1777, in the S. Pacific Qcean. Lon. 185. 43. E. Lat. 19. 41. S.

(1.) HAARBURG, a town and fort of Lunen. burg Zell, feated on the Seeve, 7 miles S. of Hamburg. It was taken by the French, and retaken by the Hanoverians in 1757. Lon. 27. 21, E. of Ferro. Lat. 53. 33. N.

ems to be agreed, that our H, which is the fame wth that of the Romans, derived its figure from the Hebrew M. The Phoenicians, and most anent Greeks and Romans, used the fame figure with our H, which in the feries of all thefe alphabets keeps its primitive place, being the 8th letter; tho the afterwards occupied its place in the Greek alphabet, and its form was changed to A; wie its former figure, H, was used for the 7th letter Eta, or long e. (See E.) H fubjoined fometimes gives it the guttural found, as in , fometimes the found of /b, as in Charlotte; be more frequently that of tb, as in charity, chit , church, &c, and not feldom that of k, as in rater, Achilles, &c. though the latter and all other Greek proper names ought rather to have the guttural found, agreeably to their original pronunciation. H, fubjoined to p and t, alfo al- of Hainm. the found of thefe letters; giving the forthe latter that of the Greek e, as in theology, truth, her the found of f, as in philofophy, &c. and der, and in fome English words, as the, that, thefe, &c. a ftit harder found. II. As an ABBREVIA

VOL. XI. PART 1.

(2.) HAARBURG, a town of Suabia.

HAAREN, 2 towns of Germany, in Weftpha, lia; 1. three miles NE. of Buren: 2. two miles E.

HAARKIRCHEN, a town of Germany, in Auftria, 3 miles N. of Efferding.

HABAKKUK, (ppan, Heb. i. e. a wrestler.] one of the 12 leller prophets, whofe prophecies are taken into the canon of the Old Teftament.

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