for, by a gentleman who arrived yesterday, it appears Blucher's guard was Saxons, and his head-quarters among the Saxon troops. The Austrian, Prussian, and Russian armies now marching down to the frontiers of France were larger than last year. He argued that the Commonwealth of Europe had a right to interfere as to the form of any Government which seemed to endanger the peace and safety of the other Powers. There appeared to him to be no other security for the peace of Europe, but the destruction of Buonaparte's Government. Lord Grenville considered that the person now at the head of the French Government was justly described in the Message as being the common enemy of Europe. If he (Lord G.) had been in a situation to have advised the Regent, from what he now knew, he could have had no hesitation in advising this war; and therefore he thought the House should support Ministers in immediate and determined war. But he trusted that those whose fates were linked with ours, would go to the contest with as steady an opinion of its necessity as we were impressed with. He considered this war unavoidable, or if not, only for a short time, and therefore he thought it more likely to be successful to enter into it at once. All history shewed the right of nations to interfere where the interests of another country were at variance with theirs. He thought the Allies last year wasted too much time in fruitless attempts at negociation with a man whom experience has proved it impossible to negociate with, in a hope of his keeping the Treaty inviolate. We ought not then to violate our contracts entered into with Europe by the Treaty of Paris. It was impossible to doubt but that Buonaparte and his family were excluded from the Government of France by the Treaty of Fontainbleau; and surely it was not lawful for France now to break that bargain, and to tell us we might keep all that we had got by it. The moment that bargain was violated by France, that moment we had a just cause of war with her. Was it to France, and to France alone, that the Powers of Europe were to say, you are not to be considered as bound by your Treaties as the other nations of the world are?" He considered that the paper, called unblushingly by Caulincourt, a proposition for peace, was the most insulting he had ever met with in the annals of diplomacy. The answer should have been, You have broken your Treaty made when you could not else have avoided destruction; and, therefore, no Treaty can now be made with you." If we failed in observing the stipulations of the Treaty of Paris, it would be a direct breach of Treaty towards our Allies. There was no security against the aggression of France and Buonaparte, under the seal of Treaties. Let them show him one country in Europe that had sought security in a peace with Buonaparte, and that had not found its evils aggravated when that Treaty came to be put in force. When the very existence of his own country was depending, he could only trust to certainties; for the return of Buonaparte shewed more strongly his inordinate and unconquerable ambition than any former act of his life. No step had been taken in bis (Buonaparte's) favour by any but the soldiery of France; and the very cause that discontented them with Louis XVII. was because he kept his Treaties of peace with his neighbours. For that crime, and for that alone, he was deposed by them; if (as they thought it) it was a crime to keep good faith. No other crime could they alledge against him. He concluded by supporting the original Address. The division was then loudly called for; and Earl Grey's amendment was negatived by 156 to 44. HOUSE OF COMMONS, May 24. Lord Milton, alluding to the grant by the East India Company of 20,000l. to Lord Melville, to pay off the debts of his father, remarked, that the recommendation of this grant by the Earl of Buckinghamshire was corrupt in its conception, aud mischievous in its consequences. It was but two or three Sessions ago that the East India Company, applying for a loan, obtained from that House two millions and a balf, getting 500,000l. more than they required, and that by the means of a Minister of the Crown, who, the next year, solicited them to give 20,000l. to one of his own colleagues. He then moved, that, in transmitting the letter, the Chairman of the East India Company had acted contrary to the spirit of the Act of the 24th of the King, &c. The motion was, after some conversation, negatived, by 86 to 30. May 25. Sir Francis Burdett presented a Petition from the City of Westminster, the objects of which were peace and a reform in Parliament. It was read once, and Lord Castlereagh desired that the first paragraph might be read again: it declared that, England being on the eve of a new war, on the avowed grounds, as alledged by Ministers, of interfering with France in its choice of a Sovereign, and Government having manifested a determined refusal to treat for peace, the war was necessarily an unjust one; that, cruelly taxed as the people of this country already were, they were still to endure the burden of fresh taxes; that such a policy as was now pur sued, sued, might be regarded as resembling madness. Did they not recollect that the domestic enemies of the country had robbed the people of their legitimate representation; that it was the personal interest of Ministers to be stirring up want, and that their conduct was such as deserved impeachment, &c.? Lord Castlereagh objected to the Petition being received, as it was an insult to the House. Sir F. Burdett said, that the meaning of the word Petition was not a begging capin-hand, but a seeking as a matter of right, and in the Petition of Right the word was demand. He had no doubt that, if the Noble Lord requested it, the House would not receive the Petition, for a person in his situation was used to the obe dience of the House. One Petition was, however, recorded in the Journals, which offered to prove that 17 persons returned 74 Members, and that 150 persons actually returned a majority of that House. It would be his duty, when he should meet with proper support from without, to shew that the House was any thing but a representation of the people. He had great respect for the Members of the House individually they were a body of gentlemen of enlightened minds and well-informed understandings, and of much worth in private life: indeed, he thought them respectable in every point of view, except when they were assembled in this place, and acted not as if they had the public, but their own private interests at heart. At any rate, he did not apprehend that it was important to the City of Westminster whether it was accepted or not; for experience had shewn that Petitions of this nature, when laid upon the table, were no more regarded than those thrown under it. Mr. Fitzgerald said, that the Hon. Baronet had attained the object he had in view;-that of making the speech which they had just heard. Lord Castlereagh moved, that His Royal Highness's Message be taken into consideration. The topics urged by him being similar to those used in the other House by the Earl of Liverpool, it may not be necessary to recapitulate them. To shew the perfidy of Buonaparte, and how impossible it was for him to succumb to his destiny, and to submit to his disappoint ments, he read the following letter: Translation of a Letter from the Duke of Bassano to the Duke of Vicenza, in the cypher of the Emperor with his Ministers. SIR, Your Excellency will have received, or will doubtless in the course of to-day receive, the dispatch from Rheims of which M. Frochot was the bearer, and which was accompanied by a letter from the Emperor. The Emperor desires, that you would avoid explaining yourself clearly upon every thing which may relate to delivering up the fortresses of Antwerp, Mayence, and Alexandria, if you should be obliged to consent to those cessions; his Majesty intending, even though he should have ratified the Treaty, to be guided by the military situation of affairs. Wait till the last moment. The bad faith of the Allies in respect to the Capitulations of Dresden, Dantzick, and Gorcum, authorizes us to endeavour not to be duped. Refer, therefore, these questions to a military arrangement, as was done at Presburg, Vienna, and Tilsit. His Majesty desires, that you would not lose sight of the disposition which he will feel not to deliver up these three keys of France, if military events, on which he is willing still to rely, should permit him not to do so, even if he should have signed the cession of all these provinces. In a word, his Majesty wishes to be able, after the Treaty, to be guided by existing circumstances, to the last moment. He orders you to burn this letter as soon as you have read it. March 19, 1814. The Noble Lord concluded with moving an Address to the Prince Regent, assuring his Royal Highness of their cordial support in the measures he may take in conjunction with his Allies, against the common enemy. Lord George Cavendish willingly concurred with the first part of the Address; but moved an amendment to the latter part, declaring it to be unjust and unwise to commence a war for the mere purpose of excluding an individual from the government of a country; and it left us no alternative between the total destruction of that Government and the disgrace of being at last compelled to treat with it in the event of failure. Mr. J. Smith seconded the Amendment. Mr. Grattan declared, it was with regret he differed from those friends with whom he usually voted but the conviction of his mind was, that we could not treat with Buonaparte, and that war was inevitable, just, and necessary. Sir F. Burdett admired the eloquent aud ingenious address to the passions of the Right Hon. Gentleman; but thought his exaggerations equal to those imputed to the French. He opposed the motion. Messrs. Law and Wynne also spoke in favour of the Motion; and Messrs. Ponsonby and Tierney in favour of the Amend May 26. The House having resolved itself into a Committee to consider farther of the Supplies to be granted to his Majesty, Lord Castlereagh said, he should state the whole amount of the charge coming under the head of foreign expenditure which, in the course of the present Session, Parliament would be called upon to sarction. It had been deemed expedient to retain possession of the Dutch West India Settlements of Demerara, Berbice, and Essequibo, as now comprizing a mass of British property, and to furnish Holland an adequate remuneration. It had been agreed to pay one million as the remuneration, and to defray jointly with the Dutch Government, the expence of strengthening the fortresses in the Netherlands, so long as they should continue under the dominion of the House of Orange. This would create a charge of two millions, making an additional charge of three millions for Holland. had also been determined to defray, with the King of the Netherlands, the interest of a Loan formerly negociated by Russia in the Low Countries, while they continued under their present dominion. This would interest Russia in the preservation of those countries. The subsidies to Russia, Austria, and Prussia, would amount to five millions, for which they would maintain an efficient force of 150,000 men. was happy to say, however, that their force would far exceed their stipulated quota nay, so deeply interested were they in the issue of the war, that it would be doubled, as the following list would shew: Austria, 300,000; Russian Army It He INTERESTING, INTELLIGENCE LONDON GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY. Foreign office, June 5.-Extracts of letters from Edward Cooke, esq. one of His Majesty's Under Secretaries of State, dated Rome, al Via della Croci, May 20. I inclose copies of military reports from Col Church, who is employed under Gen. Nugent, to the 18th inst. by Lord Stewart's directions. On Tuesday last, I went to Civita Vecchia, with the view of communicating with Lord Exmouth in his passage from Genoa to Naples. On Thursday evening his Lordship's flag appeared in the offing, with four sail of the line, and I went on board, and put him in possession of all details; upon which he proceeded forthwith to the Bay of Naples, where he must have arrived this morning. -The Berwick, of 74 guns, Capt. Bruce, came to Civita Vecchia on Saturday: finding that a French frigate had gone into Gaeta, probably with a view of carrying off the Buonaparte family, he proceeded, by my desire, on Tuesday evening, in order to blockade Gaeta. - A Neapolitan General on the Rhine, 225,000 (besides 150,000 under Gen. Wittgenstein, assembled on the Russian frontiers, ready to march at a few days notice); Prussia, 236,000; German States, including Bavaria, Wirtemberg, Hanover, Saxony, Hesse, and the Hanse Towns, 150,000; Holland, 50,000; Great Britain, 50,000; total 1,161,000 men. The subsidy to be divided between the minor German Powers would be two millions and a half, calculated at the low price of 117. 2s. per What quota Sweden, Portugal, or Spain, would furnish, he could not at present say. He concluded by moving the Re solution for the subsidy of Five Millions. man. Mr. Bankes, though friendly to the war, was averse to the subsidies; our expendi ture exceeding the revenue by 20 millions. All our Allies had basely deceived us when it suited their interest. He thought it preferable to furnish a quota of 150,000 men rather than the subsidies. Mr. Baring remarked, that none of the Maritime Powers were called upon to contribute. Holland, which was growing in wealth, and was relieved from a burthensome taxation, was called upon for no sacrifice. Nay, we were to pay her for putting her frontier towns in a state of defence. Mr. Whitbread said, it was ridiculous to think that the contest would be terminated in a few months; and, if prolonged, our subsidies must be to a larger amount. Messrs. Bennett, Douglas, C. Grant, Stuart Wortley, W. Smith, and P. Moore, shortly spoke. The Committee then divided, when the Resolution was carried, by 160 to 17. FROM THE LONDON Gazettes. arrived at Civita Vecchia on Wednesday from Palermo, which he left on the 8th: he reported to me that the King had left Palermo for Messina; and that the British and Sicilian troops were ready to embark. Letters had been sent from Gen. Nugent and Lord Burgbersh, by Terracina and Ponza, to Gen. M'Farlane, advising the debarkation to be as near Naples as possible. If Lord Burghersh's dispatches have arrived, your Lordship will have been informed that the Duc de Gallo had surrendered two sail of the line, and the whole arsenal of Naples, by capitulation, to Capt. Campbell, of the Tremendous, on his threatening to bombard the city. The accounts herewith sent will prove satisfactorily to your Lordship that the war is on the eve of being successfully terminated. The Neapolitan army does not support the cause of Murat, much less the people, who receive the Allied troops as liberators, and are merely anxious for the restoration of their antient and legitimate Sovereign, being exaspe rated rated and disgusted with all the vexations, deceptions, and perfidies of Murat. ARMY OF NAPLES. Bivouack of Arce, May 15. My Lord.-My last report, dated Rome, the 11th inst. stated the march of Gen. Count Nugent's corps from Valmontone, in the Roman States, on Firentine, and towards the frontier of the kingdom of Naples; the Enemy retiring before him, and only engaging in partial combat occasionally, has since that period been driven beyond the Garigliano, as far back as St. Germano, a distance of thirty miles from his frontier, followed by the advance guard, close to that town. On the 14th, Marshal Murat having arrived in person at St. Germano, and the Enemy being considerably reinforced, he advanced again from St. Germano, and drove back the advanced guard of this army; the same evening he attacked the out-posts at all points, and surrounded them with great superiority of numbers; notwithstanding which, the gallantry of the troops was such, that every detached guard not only cut its way through the Enemy, but brought in a number of prisoners, to the amount of three or four hundred. The attack of the out-posts was not followed up, as we had reason to expect, by a serious operation against our position at Ceprano on the Garigliano, in expectation of which the troops remained the greater part of the day in order of battle. On the 15th the Enemy began again to retire; his movement was then plainly ascertained to be a manœuvre to cover and facilitate the escape of Marshal Murat to Capua, who arrived at St. Germano, with only three or four officers and a few dragoons, and left it again in a couple of hours. Towards sun-set on the same day, Gen. Nugent resumed the offensive, notwithstanding the disparity of numbers, the Enemy having near 10,000 men; crossing the Garigliano on a bridge thrown over it, to replace that burnt by the French General, Manheis, when he sacked and burnt the unfortunate town of Ceprano, he pursued his march on the road towards St. Germano, and bivouacked under the little town of Arce, whence this report is dated. Gen. Manheis has been joined by the Minister at War, M'Donald, and it is probable that their combined force will occupy this night a position on the Melfa. I have the honour, &c. C. CHURCH. Lieut.-gen. Lord Stewart, G.C. B. Vienna. Head-quarters of Gen. Count Nugent, San Germano, May 17. My Lord, My last dispatch, dated from the Bivouack of Arce, brought the details of the operations of Gen. Count Nugent's corps up to the date of the 15th inst. I have now the satisfaction to inform your Lordship, that, since that period, a series of bold and rapid movements, on the part of that General, have been crowned with the most complete success, and the Enemy's army opposed to him defeated and totally dispersed.-On the night of the 15th, the advanced guard moved forward from the camp of Arce on the road towards St. Germano, having the Enemy in front, strongly posted on the banks of the Melfa; during the night, however, he retreated to St. Germano, breaking down the bridge across that river. No time was lost in throwing a bridge over the Melfa, and at ten o'clock, on the morning of the 16th, it was crossed by the infantry; the cavalry in the mean time having passed it where it was fordable for horses. On the same day, before daylight, Gen. Nugent advanced his whole corps to the Melfa, and having there received a reinforcement of hussars and chasseurs, he marched forward in order of battle to attack the Enemy at San Germano, where the united force of Macdonald, Manheis, and Pignatelli, had taken post. A small corps of advance had marched from Ponte Corvo to turn the Enemy's left flank, and which had already get behind his position, and the armed in habitants of the village of Piedemonte, with a few soldiers, possessed themselves of the strong position of the Convent of Monte Casino, upon the mountain which protects the right flank of San Germano; the army at the same time advanced upon the high road, preceded by the whole of the Tuscan cavalry,and some squadrons of hus-sars. On the approach of the troops the Enemy declined the combat, and hastily abandoned his position, leaving behind him many prisoners and deserters, and fell back to the village of Mignano, nine miles distant from this place; San Germano was in consequence immediately occupied by the Allied troops.-The taking of San Germano was but the prelude to a movement which terminated gloriously for this army, in the total annihilation of the Enemy's corps opposed to it. In the pòsition of Mignano, where his whole force was again united, he was attacked at midnight by the advanced guard, commanded by Baron d'Aspre, with about seven or eight hundred men: the darkness of the hour preventing him from ascertaining the strength of the attacking corps; the Enemy's troops, after a few discharges of musketry, were totally routed, saving only his cavalry and artillery. In this attack, singularly successful, and highly creditable to Baron D'Aspre and the troops under his orders, above 1000 prisoners have been made, a quantity of arms and military equipments taken, and the whole of the Enemy's infantry dispersed. De serters, serters, in companies of hundreds, have come in, and are hourly joining this camp. This brilliant affair has concluded the operations of Count Nugent in this quarter, in which he has destroyed the army called the Army of the Interior, with a force originally very inferior to that of the Enemy. During the last ten days, the Neapolitan army has lost at least from six to seven thousand men ; and the whole number of this army (alluding solely to the army opposed to Gen. Nugent), escaped from the general overthrow, cannot amount to more than 700 men. In the course of this General's movements, commencing at Pistoia, he has, at different periods, defeated the Enemy's Generals, Carascosa, Manheis, Livron, Macdonald, and the two Pignatelli's, besides others; and not even the presence of Marshal Murat himself, at San Germano, on the 15th, could prevent the destruction of his army, and consequently the ruin of his authority. I have, &c. C. CHURCH. Head-quarters, Bivouack of Cajaniello, near Calvi, May 18. My Lord, I had the honour to transmit to your Lordship a report, dated yesterday, with details of the occupation of St. Germano, and of the defeat of the Enemy at Mignano; I have now to report the junction of the whole Austrian force, under the command of Gen. Baron Bianchi, at this camp. Cajaniello being the angle of the junction of the high roads leading from Rome, Aquila, and Pescara, to Capua and Naples, the different divisions commanded by the Generals Nugent, Mohr, Neyperg, aud D'Eckart, form for the moment but one corps, the advanced guard of which, under Gen. Starhemberg, is at Calvi. The shattered and wretched remains of the Enemy's army, which, little more than a month ago, Marshal Murat published to the world as consisting of 80,000 combatants, is now reduced to a corps, perhaps not amounting to 8000 effective men, including the detachments of invalids, gendarmerie, civic guards, &c. drawn from Naples and the provinces; with this force, broken in spirit, the majority of which detest the cause of the usurper, it appears that Marshal Murat will take post in and about Capua, until finally overwhelmed by the superb and victorious army which will now surround him in every direction. Having but this moment reached the general head-quarters with Gen. Nugent's corps, I cannot yet state which of the Austrian corps will march on Naples by Caijagga and Caserta, nor which will blockade the Enemy's position of Capua, and in the present state of affairs it seems immaterial; the great object now being to save the capital from any rising of the populace, and the con sequences that might follow an event so much dreaded by all classes of the inhabitants. The organization of the Neapolitan volunteers has gone on amazingly well; and it is even probable that a detachment of them may be sent to pass the Volturno at its mouth, and push on to Naples, by the road of Pozzuoli; in that case, I believe I shall be entrusted with this operation. I am very happy to state, that although the whole of the country through which we have passed has risen in arms against the Usurper's forces, no act of excess or disorder has been committed by the armed inhabitants, who have on no occasion been allowed to act in independent bodies, under the denomination of Massa; on the contrary, they have been obliged to act according to military discipline, and under the direction of regular officers.-I have, &c. C. CHURCH. Lieut.-gen. Ld. Stewart, G. C. B. &c. SUPPLEMENT TO THE GAZETTE. Foreign-office, June 7.- Copy and extract of dispatches from Lord Burghersh, his Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of Florence. Rome, May 16, 1815. My Lord, I have received a letter from Capt. Campbell, of the Tremendous, dated Naples the 13th inst. in which he states, that in consequence of the arrangements made with me at Florence, and transmitted to your Lordship in a former dispatch, he had proceeded off the Bay of Naples. He stated, on his arrival there, to the Neapolitan Government, that unless the ships of war were surrendered to him, he would bombard the town. A French frigate appearing at that moment, Capt. Campbell proceeded towards her, and followed her into Gaeta. He returned on the 11th with his squadron, consisting of his own ship the Tremendous, the Alcmene frigate, and the Partridge sloop of war, By a letter from the Duke de Gallo, he was requested not to proceed against the town; Prince Cariati was sent by Madam Murat, to negociate for the surrender of the ships, and Capt. Campbell dictated the following terms, which were agreed to: 1st. The ships of the line in the bay to be given up. 2d. The arsenal of Naples to be delivered over, and Commissioners appointed to take an inventory of its actual state. 3d. The ship of the line on the stocks, with all the materials for its completion, to be also given up and guaranteed. These cap tures to be at the joint disposition of the Government of England and of Ferdinand the Fourth of Naples. In return, Capt. Campbell engaged not to act against the town of Naples. Capt. Campbell was in possession of the two ships of the line when he wrote to me at eight p. m. on the - |
