ried, in 1724, Anne Butler, the daughter of Richard Brayne, Esq., of Westminster, England. She derived her middle name from James Butler, Duke of Ormond, her godfather. Her portrait in this work is from one in oil in the library of the State of Virginia, at Richmond, and now first engraved. She had issue: John, Robert, Anne Catharine and Dorothea. John Spotswood married, in 1745, Mary, daughter of William Dandridge, of the British navy, and their issue was two sons: General Alexander and Captain John Spotswood, of the Army of the Revolution, and two daughters, Mary and Anne. Robert, the younger son of the governor, and an officer, under Washington, in the French and Indian war, was slain by the Indians. Anne Catharine, the elder daughter of Governor Spotswood, married Bernard Moore, Esq., of "Chelsea," in the county of King William, Va. Dorothea, the younger daughter, married Captain Nathaniel West Dandridge, of the British navy, son of Captain William Dandridge, of Elson Green.

Promoted Major-General, and on the eve of embarking with troops destined for Carthagena, Spotswood died at Annapolis, Maryland, on the 7th of June, 1740. There is reason to believe that he lies buried at "Temple Farm," his country residence near Yorktown, and which was so called from a sepulchral building erected by him in the garden there. It was in the dwelling-house at Temple Farm" (called the Moore House) that Lord Cornwallis signed the articles of his capitulation. The widow of Governor Spotswood surviving him, and continuing to reside at Germanna, married, secondly, November 9, 1742, the Rev. John Thompson of Culpeper County, a minister of the Episcopal Church, and of exemplary character. The descendants of Governor Spotswood in Virginia are now represented, in addition to the family names already given, in those of Aylett, Braxton, Brooke, Berkeley, Burwell, Bassett, Chiswell, Carter, Campbell, Callaway, Cullen, Claiborne, Dandridge, Dangerfield, Dabney, Fairfax, Fontaine, Gaines, Gilliam, Kemp, Kinlock, Lloyd, Lee, Leigh, Macon, Mason, Manson, Marshall, Meriwether, McDonald, McCarty, Nelson, Parker, Page, Randolph, Robinson, Smallwood, Skyring, Talaferro, Temple, Thweatt, Taylor, Walker, Waller, Wickham, Watkins, and others, scarce less esteemed. The portrait in this work is from a contemporaneous portrait in oil, in the possession of the eminent sculptor, Edward V. Valentine, Richmond, Va., whose late estimable wife was of the lineage of the Governor.

HUGH DRYSDALE.

Hugh Drysdale succeeded Spotswood as Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia, September 27, 1722. He was a man of but mediocre capacity, and his administration was not marked with any event of importance. It may be noted, however, that to relieve the people of Virginia from a poll-tax, a duty was laid by the Assembly on the importation of liquors

and slaves, but owing to the opposition of the African Company and interested traders in England, the act was annulled by the British Board of Trade. Thus did Great Britain, and later the New England States, foster the institution of slavery so long as the importation of slaves was profitable to them, though the Southern Colonies repeatedly and ineffectually enacted laws prohibiting further importation. Drysdale, dying July 22, 1726, Colonel Robert Carter, President of the Council, succeeded to the government of the Colony.

ROBERT CARTER.

Robert Carter, born in 1667, was the son of John Carter, an emigrant from England, who settled in upper Norfolk County, which he represented in the House of Burgesses in 1642; later for a number of years the representative of Lancaster County; Commander-in-chief of the forces sent against the Rappahannock Indians, and who died in 1669. Robert Carter was long the agent of Lord Fairfax, proprietor of the Northern Neck grant, and by the extent of his landed possessions, thus acquired, obtained the sobriquet of "King Carter."

He was speaker of the House of Burgesses for six years, treasurer of the Colony, for many years a member of the Council, and, as President. of that body, he was at the head of the government of Virginia from the death of Governor Drysdale, July 22, 1726, until the arrival of Governor William Gooch, October 13, 1727. Robert Carter built a fine church on the site of one formerly built by his father, near his seat," Corotoman," on the Rappahannock River, in Lancaster County, and it is still standing, in good preservation. Robert Carter, by his two wives, Judith Armistead and a widow whose maiden name was Betty Landon, left many children, who are now represented by a legion of names of the most worthy people of Virginia. He died August 4, 1732, and lies beneath a handsome tomb with a long and eulogistic Latin epitaph, near the east end of Christ Church, before mentioned as having been built by him.

SIR WILLIAM GOOCH.

William Gooch was born at Yarmouth, England, October 21, 1681. He was an officer of superior military abilities, and had served under Marlborough, and in the Revolution of 1715. He arrived in Virginia October 13, 1727, relieving President Robert Carter in the gov ernment. The council, without authority, allowing Gooch three hundred pounds out of the quit-rents in augmentation of his salary, he in return resigned, in a great measure, the helm of government to them, and so insinuating was he in his diplomacy and so facile in accom

modating himself doubly to the home authorities and to the people of Virginia that he greatly endeared himself to them, and he is said to have been the only Colonial Governor in America against whom there was never any complaint, either from inhabitant or merchant abroad.

Owing partly to his address, and partly to a well-established revenue and the enforcement of a rigid economy, the Colony enjoyed prosperous repose during his long administration. During the year 1728, the boundary line between Virginia and North Carolina was run by Colonel William Byrd and Messrs. Fitzwilliam and Dandridge, Commissioners in behalf of Virginia, and others on the part of North Carolina, and the transaction is most entertainingly detailed in the "Westover MSS." of Colonel Byrd. In 1740, troops for the first time were transported from the Colonies to co-operate with the forces of the mother country in offensive war. An attack upon Carthagena being determined on, Gooch raised four hundred men as the quota of Virginia, and the Assembly voted £5,000 for their support. Major-General Alexander Spotswood, who had been appointed to the command of the four battalions raised in the Colonies, dying June 7, 1740, at Annapolis, on the eve of embarkation, Governor Gooch assumed the command of the expedition. During his absence the government of Virginia devolved on Commissary James Blair, President of the Council. During the administration of Gooch, the settlement of the fertile valley of Virginia was effected, first in 1734, twelve miles from the present town of Woodstock. In May, 1746, the Assembly appropriated £4,000 to the raising of Virginia's quota of troops for the invasion of Canada. They sailed from Hampton in June; the expedition, however, proved abortive. Governor Gooch, who had been appointed Commander, but declined, was created a Baronet during the year, and in 1747 was made a Major General. He returned to England in 1749, leaving John Robinson, President of the Council, as the Acting Governor of the Colony. Sir William Gooch died December 17, 1751. The press in 1878 chronicled the unhappy estrangement of his descendant, Sir Thomas Gooch, the eighth baronet, from his childless wife, Lady Anne (Sutherland), because of an attempt to deceive him with a spurious heir. Broken in spirit and health, the sorrowful wife, in her death the following year, expiated her offense.

It may be of interest to note that another of the lineage of Governor Gooch, and bearing the same Christian name, preceded him as a resident of the Colony. At "Temple Farm," a seat of Governor Spotswood, near Yorktown, Va., within the structure known as the "Temple" is the tomb of Major William Gooch (who died October 29, 1655, aged twentynine), bearing the arms of Gooch of Norfolk (of which family was the Governor) as follows: Paly of right ar. and sa. a chev. of the first betw. three dogs of the second spotted of the field. Crest-A greyhound

passant ar. spotted sa. and collared of the last. This William Gooch was a Burgess from York County, in 1654, and it is claimed there are those of the name, of his lineage in Virginia now.

COMMISSARY JAMES BLAIR.

James Blair, D.D., was born in Scotland about the year 1655. Having graduated from the University of Edinburgh, he was admitted to orders in the Established Church of England, and commenced his ministry in Scotland, but finding his usefulness obstructed by popular prejudice, he went to London, and was sent by its bishop in 1685 as a missionary to Virginia. He served here first as rector of Henrico parish for nine years. His ability and great zeal displayed in furtherance of the cause of religion, procured him, in 1689, the appointment of Commissary of the Bishop of London. He removed his residence to Jamestown to prosecute plans for the founding of an institution of learning in the Colony. Meeting with much encouragement, he proceeded to England, where, having secured a subscription of £2,500, he obtained from the King in February, 1692, a charter for William and Mary College, with a grant of twenty thousand acres of land for its support. The King himself subscribed £2,000 towards its building out of the quit-rents. Seymour, the Attorney-General of Great Britain, having received the royal commands to prepare the charter of the college, remonstrated against the liberality of the King, urging that the nation was engaged in an expensive war; that the money was needed for better purposes, and that he did not see the slightest occasion for a college in Virginia. Commissary Blair, in reply, represented to him that its intention was to educate and qualify young men to be ministers of the Gospel; and begged that the Attorney-General would consider that the people of Virginia had souls to be saved as well as the people of England. "Souls!" exclaimed the imperious Seymour, "damn your souls!-make tobacco !" The college was erected according to a design by Sir Christopher Wren, at Williamsburg, in 1694, with five professorships of Greek and Latin, the mathematics, moral philosophy, and two of divinity, with Dr. Blair as President, which position he held during life. In 1710, Commissary Blair became rector of Bruton Parish at Williamsburg. He was long a member of the Council, and, as the President of this body, was the Acting Governor of Virginia during the absence of Governor Gooch in command of the Carthagena expedition from June 1740 to July 25, 1741, and perhaps later. Commissary Blair in 1727 assisted John Hartwell and Edward Chilton in compiling "The State of His Majesty's Colony in Virginia," and one hundred and seventeen of his "Sermons and Discourses" expository of the Sermon on the Mount, were published in four volumes 8vo at London in 1742. He died August 3, 1743, aged 88,

and was buried at Jamestown, where his tomb with a long epitaph in Latin was still standing, though in a damaged condition, just prior to our late war. By his will Commissary Blair bequeathed his library and

£500 to William and Mary College.

THE EARL OF ALBERMARLE.

William Anne Keppel, second Earl of Albermarle, was born at Whitehall in 1702, and received his second Christian name from Her Majesty Queen Anne, who in person and as sponsor graced his baptism. He succeeded George Hamilton, Earl of Orkney, as the Governor-in-chief of Virginia, after the death of the latter, September 6, 1737. Appointed August 25, 1717, by George I. a captain in the British army, he was continuously promoted, and on February 20, 1743, was made a LieutenantGeneral, and distinguished himself June 2d in that year at the battle of Dettingen in the Netherlands. In 1744 he made the campaign with Marshall Wade, and in 1745, under the Duke of Cumberland, at the battle of Fontenoy, he was wounded. On April 16, 1746, he commanded the right wing at the battle of Culloden, and succeeded to the command in chief, as General, August 23d. Distinguished himself July 2, 1747, at the battle of Vall; was embassador to France in 1748; was created a Knight of the Garter, July 12, 1750; was made a member of the Privy Council, July 12, 1751, and on March 30, 1752, one of the Lords Justices during the absence of the King in his German dominions. He married, in 1722, Anne, daughter of Charles, first Duke of Richmond, and who was one of the ladies of the bed-chamber of Queen Caroline. The issue of this marriage was eight sons and seven daughters. The portrait of Lord Albermarle, with those of Sir Charles Wager; Charles Montague, first Earl of Halifax; Colonel Daniel Parke, Governor of the Leeward Islands, whose daughter Lucy was the wife of the second Colonel William Byrd: the third Earl of Orrery; the Earl of Egremont; the second Duke of Argyll; Peggy Blount, the favorite of the poet Alexander Pope; Sir Robert Walpole, Lady Betty Cromwell, Sir Wilfred Lawson, Sir Robert Southwell, and others of colonial distinction, with those of the second William Byrd, and of members of his family, from a gallery formerly at "Westover," are now preserved at the hospitable seat of the Harrison family, "Lower Brandon," on James River. Lord Abermarle died at Paris, December 22, 1754, and was succeeded in the title by his eldest son George, the third Earl. Admiral Augustus Keppel, of the British Navy, was his second son. The name of Lord Albermarle is commemorated in a sound on the coast of North Carolina and in a county in Virginia.