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CORREGGIO, ETC.-1. Night. 2. Reading Magdalen, Correggio. 3. Melancthon, Lucas Cranach.

trait of Van Dyck, by himself. 8. After the Crucifixion, Van Dyck. 9. Madonna of the Me

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4. Ecce Homo, Carlo Dolci. 5 Suffering Christ, Durer. 6. Portrait of Durer, by himself. 7. Poreyer Family, Holbein.

at flow-tide, vast openings foam in the water, immense bodies of water tumble headlong as over a precipice, then rebounding from the abyss, dash together and rise in spray to a great height. The noise is heard over the isles around. The water is smooth for half an hour in slack-water.

CORRIGAN, MICHAEL A., D.D. See page 893.

CORRO ́SIVE SUBLIMATE, the popular name of bichloride of mercury (q.v.). CORRUGATED IRON (Lat. ruga, a wrinkle). Common sheet-iron, and what is improperly called "galvanized iron" (i.e., sheet-iron coated with zinc by immersion in a bath of the fused metal), have of late been made available for many useful purposes, by virtue of the great additional strength imparted to the sheets by corrugation, which is merely an application to metallic substances of the old contrivance of "goffering or crimping," by means of which the frills of the olden time were made to keep their shape.

The sheets of metal are passed between rollers, the surfaces of which are formed into rounded grooves and ridges, the ridges of one roller filling the grooves of the other. The metal in passing between these is compressed into a waving form, or corrugated. It will be easily understood that a piece of sheet-metal, of given size and thickness, if rolled up to form a tube, will resist a much greater bending strain than when flat. Now the curves of the corrugation may be regarded as a series of half-tubes, and the additional strength is due to the application of the same principle. See STRENGTH OF MATERIALS. Walls and roofs of temporary buildings are now exten sively made of this material. Railway sheds, emigrants' houses, temporary churches, store-rooms, and sheds for dock-yards, etc., are among the common applications. Mr. Francis, of New York, has applied the principle to the construction of light boats, the strength of which, and their power of resisting violent blows, such as boats are subject to on landing through a surge, is said to be remarkably great. On this account, they are proposed to be used for life-boats, ships' boats, etc. They are made by stamping the metal in enormous dies, of the shape and size of the boat, and grooved for the required corrugations. Small boats thus constructed require no internal bracings, the requisite rigidity and strength being given entirely by the corrugations.

CORRUPTION OF BLOOD.
CORRUPTION OF JUDGES.

See TREASON.

See JUDGE.

CORRUPT PERJURY. See PERJURY.

CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT. The laws relating to bribery, treating, and undue influence at elections of members of parliament, were consolidated and amended by 17 and 18 Vict. c. 102 (10th Aug., 1854), which was continued and amended by 21 and 22 Vict. c. 87 (2d Aug., 1858). Both of these statutes were further continued till 10th Aug., 1860, by 22 and 23 Vict. c. 48 (13th Aug., 1859); and till 10th Aug., 1861, by 23 and 24 Vict. c. 99.

Additional legislation on this very troublesome subject has been attempted in almost every session of parliament. See PARLIAMENT.

CORRY, a city in Erie co., Penn., an outgrowth of the great petroleum speculation, situated at the crossing of the Atlantic and Great Western, and Philadelphia and Erie railroads, and at the terminus of other roads in the oil region; pop. '80, 5,277. There are manufactories, and general business; but its establishment and prosperity are due to the discovery of oil, or petroleum. It was chartered as a city in 1866.

COR'SAC, Canis or Cynalopex corsac, an animal of the dog family (canida), found in the deserts of Tartary and in India. In size, it resembles a small fox, but is more slender in body and limbs; it has long and pointed ears, a bushy tail, and is of a reddish or yellowish color; the form of the head resembles that of the fox. It lives in large communities, burrows, prowls during the day, and not during the night like foxes, and is believed to feed chiefly on birds and their eggs, but not to object even to insect food. There are several Asiatic species closely allied to this.

CORSAIR (Ital. corso, a race), a pirate or sea-robber, but generally limited in its application to the pirates who in former times sailed from Algiers, Tunis, Tripoli, and the ports of Morocco, and were the terror of merchantmen in the Mediterranean and the neighboring parts of the Atlantic ocean.

CORSE LET was the body-covering of pikemen. The C. was made chiefly of leather, and was pistol-proof.

COR'SICA, an island in the Mediterranean, separated from the island of Sardinia by the strait of Bonifacio on the s., and situated in lat. 41° 20′ to 43° n., and long. 8° 30' to 9° 30' east. It forms the French department of Corse, and has an area of 3,350 sq.m., with a pop., in '81, of 258,440. The greater portion of the island is occupied by ranges of rugged mountains, the highest being Monte Rotondo (ancient Mons Aureus), 9,068 ft. high, and covered with perpetual snow. There are several rivers in the island, the largest of which, having their source in Monte Rotondo, are the Tavignano (ancient Rhotanus) and the Golo (ancient Tavola). They flow into the sea on the e. coast; the Golo is navigable for boats. Several small rivers, most of which are dry in summer, flow westward into the sea. The soil is generally fertile in the valleys, yielding all kinds of cereals, and much wine is produced. Olive, orange, fig, almond, and other

fruit-trees flourish; fruit forming a considerable item in the exports. But C. is chiefly celebrated on account of its magnificent forests of oak, pine, chestnut, beech, larch, cork, etc. Many of the pines are upwards of 120 ft. high, and are much used for masts in the French navy. The chestnut forests are particularly fine, and the fruit serves as an important article of food for the inhabitants. Prickly pear, arbutus, myrtle, etc., abound. Iron, lead, black manganese, antimony, marble, and granite of beautiful quality, are found on the island, but these sources of wealth are not developed. Sheep of a pecu liar black breed, with four and occasionally six horns, goats, and pigs are numerous, and the rearing of cattle is carried on to a great extent. Tunny, pilchard, and anchovy abound along the coast. C. is divided into the five arrondissements of Ajaccio, Bastia, Calvi, Corte, and Sartene. Ajaccio is the capital. The language spoken in C. is a corrupt Italian. The Corsicans are great improvisatori; valor, love of freedom, and desire of revenge are their principal characteristics.

In early times C. was known as Cyrnos, although its native name is said by some historians to have been the same as that it now bears. As early as 564 B.C., a colony of Phocæans had founded a city on its e. coast. After successive changes of Carthagin ian, Roman, Vandal, Greek, and Gothic rulers, it came in the 8th c. into the hands of the Saracens, who held it until the beginning of the 11th c., when it fell under the dominion of Pisa. It afterwards passed to the Genoese, who held it until 1755, when the Corsicans under gen. Paoli made themselves in great part independent. The French, to whom the Genoese surrendered the claims they themselves could not maintain, captured it in 1768; since which time, with slight intermission, it has remained in the possession of France.

CORS NED, or morsel of execration, was a piece of cheese or bread made use of in early times with a view to ascertain whether persons suspected of any crime were guilty or innocent. The C., according to Blackstone, was consecrated with a form of exor cism, desiring of the Almighty that it might cause convulsions and paleness, and find no passage, if the man was really guilty, but might turn to health and nourishment if he was innocent." In this mode of divination, barley-bread appears to have had the preference. It was one of the many forms of ordeal (q.v.).

COR SO (literally, course or running) is an Italian word used to express not only the racing of horses (without riders), but also the slow driving in procession of handsome equipages through the principal streets of a town, such as almost always takes place in Italy on festivals. This custom has given a name to many streets in almost all the larger towns of Italy. The best known of these is the C. in Rome, which is the scene of the celebrated diversions of the carnival.

He

CORSSEN, WILHELM PAUL, 1820-75; a German philologist, a native of Bremen, educated in the university of Berlin, and professor in the Stettin gymnasium. published The Pronunciation, Vocalization, and Accentuation of the Latin Language, which is considered to be the best work thus far published on the subject. At the time of his death he was engaged on the second volume of an elaborate work on the Etruscan speech.

CORT, CORNELIS, a famous Dutch engraver, was b. at Hoorn, in 1536. In 1572, he went to Venice, and was hospitably received there by Titian. Being less of a painter than of an engraver, he seems very soon to have been employed by the great Venetian colorist for the reproduction in copper-plate of some of his master-pieces, and it appears he did it so well, that he afterwards engraved for Tintoretto and other Venetian masters. C. next settled at Rome, where he erected an engraving school, and had among his pupils Agostino Caracci, and from this school sprang the most excellent Italian and Venetian engravers. C.'s works had a favorable influence on the graver's art in the Netherlands. He died at Rome in 1578. His engravings, considering his short life of 42 years, are very numerous, amounting to more than 150.

CORTE, a t. in Corsica, on the Tavignano, 35 m. n.e. of Ajaccio, pop. '66, 6,094. Paoli, a native of the place, established and endowed here in 1836 an important school. There is also a communal college.

CORTE-REAL', the name of a noble Portuguese family. In 1500, Gaspard CorteReal landed on the Labrador coast and stole some of the natives, whom he took to Portugal and sold for slaves. He went the next year for another cargo, but never returned. Then his brother Miguel set out to find him, and he never returned. Then the king of Portugal sent two ships to find them, but nothing could be learned of their fate. A third brother, Vasco, intended to make a search, but was prevented by the king. The family produced one poet, Jeronymo, who also was a sailor.

CORTÉS is the name given in Spain and Portugal to the assembly of representatives of the nation. As one district, of Spain after another was recovered by the Christian princes from the Moors, there arose in each a corporation composed of the different "states" or orders of the population, limiting the power of the princes. From the union of several of these territories were formed the two leading kingdoms of Castile and Aragon, having each its C., representing the clergy, the nobility, and the cities. In Aragon, the C. appointed a judge, el justicia, who decided disputes between the king and his subjects, and confined the royal power within constitutional limits. In Castile the

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