that glorious day in which four thousand fome other power to give up the island t Proteftants, their fellow-citizens, were its dominion. maslacred, without distinction of age or fex, in their city. The year 1762, in which Calas was executed, was the fecu lar year of that horrible maffacre; and as the festival above mentioned was juft approaching, when this unfortunate man was caft into prifon, Voltaire thinks that this circumftance might have contributed to his condemnation. It was, indeed, agreeable to the spirit of fuch a holiday to have a Proteftant victim to facrifice to the fanguinary genius of Popery. I fhall conclude this letter by obferving, that as the tears of the widow Calas, and her fatherless children, have made their way to the throne, the humanity and juftice of the King are engaged to give both her and Europe fatisfaction for this horrid deed, (or, to ule Voltaire's exprellion), for this barbarous murder committed at Toulouse by the fword of justice."

In regard to SPAIN we have the three following articles.

"Madrid, Feb. 28. Our ministry is bu fy in feeing the land-forces kept up com plete, and in augmenting the marine and at the fame time do not neglect wha regards our trade. It is for this reafo that our court has made treaties with th northern powers, which have ftipulate to furnifh us with a certain number of thi of war in cafe of need."

"London, March 6. Letters from Paris advife, that the lieutenant-criminal had conducted to Brie, near that city, fourteen perfons condemned to be burnt there, for having poifoned the cattle of that can ton; and that preparations were making for the trial of feveral others concerned in that infernal practice."

According to the public papers, the in fection among the horned cattle in fome places has much abated, in cenfequence of hanging four or five onions about the necks of the beafts, directly after they are taken ill, and will not eat. Thofe onions draw the infection out, and look the next day as if they had been boiled. This application is to be repeated feveral times, and the onions which have been used, are to be buried deep in the earth. In a few days after the application. the cattle are taken with a running at the nofe, which carries off the distemper. It is alfo proper, during the procefs, to hang up fome onions in the diftempered cattle's tables. As to affairs in ITA Y, Paoli, general of the CORSICAN malecontents, has taken the caftle of Figari in that ifland, on the fea-coaft; and reduced Calvi, another maritime place, to great straits, through want of provifions. Letters from Leghorn, of Feb. 7 exprefs great furprise at the little care taken by the GENOESE, to preferve their feveral pofts in Corfica, which they obferve can be accounted for only by the certainty they have of being affifted in the recovery of them by a foreign force, or their being in treaty with

"London, March 15. They write from Cadiz, that near a hundred religious hav lately imbarked at that port, on board fome veffels bound for America, the great eft part of them brethren of the perfecu ted order of Jesuits, who are going to fee a happier fortune in a distant country.”

"London, March 15. A fhip faile from Cadiz for Buenos Ayres the 7th uk on board of which were about eighty Je fuits."

We have received the following articl in relation to NORTH AMERICA.

"Landon, March 8. Since our peop have been in poffeffion of the guif and r ver of St Lawrence, they have discovere a very valuable whale fishery there, whit was unknown to the French. Upon th difcovery, the people of New Englar fitted out ten vefiels, of near 100 tuns bu den each, for that fithery, in 1761; ar had fuch fuccefs, that in 1762 they fel out fifty veffels for the fame purpose. La year were employed upwards of eighty and we are affured a still larger numb will be employed the enfuing season. Ti quantity of whalebone imported fra New England within these two years hi already reduced that commodity from 500 to 350 1. the tun."

"Quebec, Oct 28. We had yesterday vifit from an Indian chief, the fachem the Chriftian Hurons, and bis fqual They were neatly dreffed, and fpoke gon French. The fachem is a man of sent and probity; and, what you would fcarce ly believe, is well bred. He is by n means a bigot; and, if proper methods wer ufed, might easily be made entirely Eng lith. I made a fhift to mufter a little bar French, to make him fenfible, that th English are free, though under a King that we are governed by juft laws of o own making, to which the King himle is fubject, as well as his people. Speak ing of the French King, he thought called him (the fachem) one of his fub

jects

sds; on which his eyes fparkled, and he , with fome indignation, That the InMans were not governed by French, but sere free all over the world. He told us, would gladly cross the great lake, to the great King, if the general would e him leave. I doubt we are apt to pile the Indians too much."

A gentleman lately returned from the ET INDIES, who was very curious in sobfervations there, informs, that fome ars ago there was a republic of Jews at city of Patna, capital of the kingdom Bahar, who were once fo numerous, they could reckon about 60,000 fa2s, but are now reduced to 4000. They at a fynagogue near the nabob's palace, which their records are kept, engraven copperplates in Hebrew characters; fo thofe Jews pretend they can fhew crown hiftory from the reign of Nebubezzar to the prefent time. They are themselves to be of the tribe of Maleh, a part of which was, by order bat haughty conqueror, carried to the leafterly province of his large empire, ich extended to the Indus; from whence e Jews removed to the Ganges; and journey 20,000 of them travelled ng three years after their fetting out Babylon. An abstract of their hiftoas been tranflated from the Hebrew, may perhaps be of ufe to the learned. S. London, April 5. The following lation is publifhed by authority of the retors of the Eaft-India company.

mity, a war with Coffim Aly was unavoidable. Meff. Amyatt and Hay were recalled, and measures were taken at the prefidency, to carry it on in the most effectual manner. Mr Amyatt having taken leave of the nabob pafiports, he fet out in boats for Calcutta, acthe 24th of June, and received the ufual

companied with Meff. Amphlett, Wollafton, and Hutchinfon; Lieut' Jones, Gordon, and Cooper; and Dr Crooke; (Meff. Hay and Gulfton remaining with the nabob as hostages). As the boats were paffing the city of Moorfhedabad, they were attacked on the 3d of July by a number of troops, affembled for that purpose, on both fides the river, and fome of the gentlemen were killed in the boats. Mr Amyatt immediately landed with a few Seapoys, which he forbid to fire, and endeavoured to make the enemy's troops underftand that he was furnished with the nabob's paffports, and had no defign of committing any hoftilities: but the enemy's horfe advancing, fome of the Seapoys fired, notwithstanding Mr Amyatt's orders; and a ge neral confufion enfuing, that gentleman, and moft of the fmall party who were with him, were cut to pieces.

By the faid letters it further appears, That Mr Ellis and his council at Patna, having, with the approbation of Capt. Carftairs, agreed to attack that city early in the morning of the 25th of June, it was accordingly executed and carried; that they were in entire poffeflion of the city for four hours, the Moorish governor and moft of his people having fled as far as Cutwa; that he there

came to a refolution to return, and attempt to regain the city, and having got in at the water-fide gate of the fort, he fucceeded in Eaft-India Houfe, April 4. 1764. difpoflefling our troops, owing to the EuroRY the company's fhip Royal George, peans and Scapoys being moftly difperfed in which arrived at Spithead from Bengal plundering: That upon their retiring into theft inftant, the court of directors have the factory, on account of this difpiritedness red letters from that prefidency, to the of the men, and a great defertion among the ewing purport: That the difputes be- Seapoys, it was found impracticable to make en the company's fervants there, and the any stand there; and a refolution was thereung nabob, Coflim Aly Cawn, had been fore taken to proceed to Sujah Dowla's counctive of fuch animofities and jealoufies try; that they accordingly croffed the river the part of the latter, that it was judged the 16th in the evening, and met with no y neceflary to ufe every means to allay obftruction until they paffed Churpa; that For this purpose Meff. Amyatt and then they were attacked on the 30th by , two gentlemen of the council, were de- the Phouldar, with about 2000 men, whom d to wait upon the nabob, with inftruc- they easily routed; but he being that evenso endeavour to adjust the differences ing joined from Budgepore with 4 or 500 namicable manner. They accordingly Seapoys, and five or fix field-pieces, he atved at Monghcer, the place of his refi- tacked the party on the next evening, the 1st ce, on the 12th of May, and had many of july, and entirely routed them, the Eueferences with him; in which he evidently ropeans having quitted their ranks at the first wed a great averfenes to an accommoda- onfet; that in the whole there were about aupon the terms offered to him. About fifty Europeans killed, and about eight or time, a fupply of 500 ftands of arms, nine oficers, amongst the last Capt. Carstairs, ag to Patna, was ftopped by the nabob's who was killed by a cannon-ball is the mornes, and other acts of hoftility were coming of the ift; that on the fecond Mr Ellis, ted; and affairs being come to an extre- with the oflicers and private men, were taken

VOL. XXVI.

prifoners,

prifoners, and by the last advices were all at Mongheer, excepting Capt. Willon, Enfigns Mackay and Armstrong, Mr Anderfon furgeon, and Mr Peter Campbell, who then remained prifoners at Patna.

Upon thefe and other acts of hoftility against feveral of the company's fettlements committed by Coffim Aly, it was determined to declare war against him, and to restore the former nabob, Meer Jaffier, to the fubahfhip, upon his entering into a new treaty with the company. War was accordingly declared, and an advantageous treaty was concluded; the most material articles whereof are a confirmation of his former treaty, and alfo of the provinces of Burdwan, Nidnapoor, and Chittagong, granted by the late nabob Coffim Aly, engaging to give thirty lacks [xx. 38. of rupees to defray the expences and lofs accruing to the company from the war, and engaging alfo to reimburse the amount of private perfons loffes.

Meer Jaffier fet out a few days after to join the army under Major Adams, which was then on its march towards Moorfhedabad. The first action which happened, was on the 16th of July, oppofite to Cutwa, on the Coffimbuzar fide of the river. The Major having croffed the army the night before, in the morning came up with a large body of the enemy's troops, who were strongly pofted to oppofe his progrefs to the city; and having attacked them, they were routed, after a fmall refiftance, and with an inconfiderable fofs on our fide. A detached party, under the command of Capt. Long, at the fame fime poffeffed themselves of the fort of Cutwa, on the other fide of the river; and all the artillery they had there, as well as what they had brought into the field, fell into our hands. In this action Mahomed Tucky Cawn, who, it is faid, commanded the attack on Mr Amyatt's party, was mortally wounded, and died a few days after.

The good effects of this fuccefs were difplayed in the eafy conqueft that followed of the city of Moorfhedabad, which the army entered with a trifling oppofition the 24th at night. Here the Major eftablished and proclaimed the Nabob Meer Jaffier in due form, and halted fome days to refresh the army.

On the 18th of July, the Major continued his march towards Mongheer; and on the ad of August, having arrived near a place called Sooty, at the head of the Coflimbuzar tiver, a very obftinate engagement enfued with a numerous army of the enemy's beft troops and artillery, who there occupied a very ftrong and advantageous post. The ftand that they made was refolute and uncommon for troops of this country, having clofely engaged our forces for no lefs than four hours. However, by the intrepidity and good conduct of Major Adams, and the

remarkable bravery of the officers and mens the enemy sustained a total defeat. The los on our fide was not fo confiderable as might have been expected from fo fevere an action, confifting only of fix officers and 40 Europeans, and 292 Seapoys and black horse, kille ed and wounded. On the fide of the enemy, a great number of men were killed and wounded, 23 pieces of cannon, and about 150 boats laden with military and othe ftores, taken. Amongst these laft were found all the artillery, and most of the Patna de tachment's stores; and within fome days af ter the action, between 60 and 70 of the men who were taken prifoners at Patna, and had been engaged by foul means and fair ferve the enemy's guns, returned to their com lours.

Immediately after this battle the Major advanced with the army near to Rajamaul; bout three or four miles from which place the enemy had thrown up a strong intrenchment from the hills to the river, and for the for cing of which, it was judged moft proper, for infuring the fafety of the troops, to carry on regular approaches. Every thing having bee accordingly prepared, the works were begun upon the 29th of Auguft, and continued till the sth of September, when the Major refol ved upon an affault; which was executed with very little lofs, and their whole works wer in our poffeffion that morning. This fucceff we have great reafon to believe, will be deci five of the fate of the war, as the enemy feemed to repofe their chief confidence in the ftrength of these works, and now by the lof of them are deprived of all fupplies of provi fion from the province of Bengal, which is entirely fecured to us.

Major Adams, in his letters, where he gives an account of his feveral engagements with the enemy, has given juft praifes to Major Carnac, Major Knox, and other offe cers who have diftinguished themselves, well as to the officers and troops in general, for their gallant behaviour. To Major Car nac he afcribes particular merit, for the v gorous attack which he led against the main body of the enemy in the general action of the 2d of Auguft, and which made the fir impreflion, contributing thereby in great measure to the victory we had obtained. The fame juftice is due to Major Adams, which he has done to the officers and troops under his cominand, and the highest praife is due to him from the company for his good conduct in this campaign, which has been attended with extraordinary difficulties and fatigues, on account of the rainy feafon, and the badnefs of the roads; and in which, by his ability in forming the plans of attack in uch manner to take every advantage the fituation of the enemy admitted, he has infured the fuccefs of his operations with the

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