Chief Sources of Income.

Balance in the treasury, November 1, 1855,

Total receipts into the treasury for year ending October 31, 1856,

Total revenue from all sources,

Total warrants on treasury for same period,

Balance in treasury, November 1, 1856,

Permanent revenue, general fund, $ 611,426.51 Public printing, paper, and binding, 12,729.91

Wabash and Erie Canal, by trustees,238,892.25 Wabash and Erie Canal, by trustees, 200,524.87

The Auditor's Report shows that the lands assessed for taxes of 1856 amounted to 18,996,610 acres. These lands, for the purposes of taxation, were valued at $92,475,473; improvements at $36,362,887; town lots and buildings at $26,511,628; railroad stock, $ 13,193,382; other corporation stock at $2,115,228; other personal property, $108,328,871. Total of taxable property, $279,032,209. Polls assessed for 1856, 160,040. There is a poll tax of 75 cents, and an ad valorem tax upon property of 25 cents on the $ 100, for State purposes. State tax for year 1856, $643,370; county tax, $ 951,728; road tax, $193,404; school tax, $ 366,696; sinking fund tax, $55,922; total taxes, $2,865,619.

State Debt. The provisions of the Constitution in relation to the State debt are as follows: "The revenues of the public works and surplus taxes, after paying the ordinary State expenses and interest on the State debt, shall be applied to reduce the principal of the debt. No new debt shall be contracted, unless to meet casual deficits in the revenue, to pay the interest on the State debt, or to repel invasion, &c. The Assembly shall never assume any debts, nor shall any county lend its credit to, or borrow money to buy stock in, any incorporated company."

State debt November 1, 1856:- Amount of 5 per cent State Stock, $ 5,306,500; amount of 24 per cent State Stock, $2,040,811. Total State debt, November 1, 1856, $7,347,311. The amount of Canal Stock, which depends on the Wabash and Erie Canal alone for its redemption, as to both principal and interest, issued and outstanding, Nov. 1, 1856, was as follows:-5 per cent preferred canal stock, $4,079,500; 5 per cent preferred special canal stock, $1,216,737.50; 5 per cent deferred canal stock, $1,227,000; 5 per cent deferred special canal stock, $465,582.50. Total canal stock, $6,988,820. The American Almanac for 1857, pp. 323, 324, gives an extended account of the origin of the present debt, and of its history in its present form.

Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb, Indianapolis, 1856.-Thomas MacIntire, Principal, salary $1,000. All the deaf and dumb of the State between the ages of 10 and 21 are entitled to an education, without charge for board or tuition. The session is annual, and lasts ten months, from the 15th of September to the 15th of July. The course of instruction is for five years. For pupils from other States the charge is $100 for the session, for board and tuition. There were 160 pupils in the asylum, Nov. 1, 1856; and there had been 185 in attendance during some portion of the year. 19 had completed the prescribed course of study. The entire receipts during the year were $36,024.79. The expenses were $31,345.28.

Institute for the Blind, Indianapolis, 1856.—James M. Workman, Superintendent; salary $800. The boarding and tuition of pupils who are children of residents in the State are free. Generally applicants over 21 and under 8 years of age are not admitted. The whole number of pupils during the year ending October 31, 1856, was 77. It is estimated that not one eighth part of the blind persons in the State avail themselves of the instruction of the school, although efforts are made to induce them to come. The ordinary expenses of the school for the year are near $23,000. The session is for ten months, from the first Monday in October to last Wednesday in July.

Hospital for the Insane, Indianapolis.— James S. Athon, Superintendent, salary $1,200. October 31, 1855, there were in the Hospital 195 patients, 88 males and 107 females. During the year ending October 31, 1856, 171 were admitted (86 males, 85 females); 131 were discharged (60 males, 71 females); leaving in the hospital at the end of the year, 235 (114 males, 121 females). Of the 131 discharged, 109 (53 males and 56 females) were recovered; and 17 (5 males and 12 females) died. This institution was opened (part of its buildings only being completed) in November, 1848. Since the opening of the Hospital, there have been admitted 1,080; discharged, 845; of whom there had recovered, 594; improved, 93; unimproved, 58; died, 100. 308 were farmers, 46 laborers, 20 carpenters, 7 students, 12 teachers, and 10 tailors. Of the females, 461 were occupied in housework, 28 were school-girls, 13 tailoresses, and 14 teachers. The alleged probable cause of insanity in 86 cases was religious excitement and anxieties; in 35, spiritual rappings; in 31, intemperance; in 23, tobacco. The annual expenses of the institution average about $125 a patient.

State Prison, Jeffersonville. — David W. Miller, Warden. Number in prison, November

30, 1855, 271; received since, 152; fugitives retaken, 3; discharged during the year, by expiration of sentence 81, by escape 11, by pardon 20, by death 7, remanded for new trial, 3, giving in all, 122. In prison, November 30, 1856, 304. Of these, 27 are less than 20 years old; from 20 to 30, 156; from 30 to 40, 83; from 40 to 50, 25; from 50 to 60, 11; over 60, 2. 77 have no education, 50 can read only, 147 can read and write, 30 have a good English education. 110 are married, 16 are widowers, and 178 are single. 97 are intemperate, 141 moderate drinkers, and 56 temperate. 42 are natives of Indiana, 61 of foreign countries (18 from Ireland and 26 from Germany), and the remainder of other States. 280 are whites (including 5 females), and 23 are blacks. 253 are committed for offences against property, 51 for offences against the person, and 1 for an offence against the person and property. The labor of the prisoners has heretofore been let out to the highest bidder. But at the session of the Legislature in 1855, the mode of management was changed. Three directors, elected by the Legislature for four years (one each year), have the direction of its affairs, and appoint the Warden and other officers. The State assumes the entire care and control of the prisoners, and the change has been found most beneficial.

Common Schools. There is a State Board of Education, consisting of the Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer and Auditor, the Attorney-General, and the Superintendent of Public Instruction, who meet annually for conference, discussion, and the determination of questions arising under the school law. The Superintendent is elected by the people for two years, and has the general oversight of the schools, and must spend at least one day a year in each county. The board of trustees of each township have the general custody and management of the school property and lands, a limited power to lay taxes for building school-houses, and the authority to employ teachers when the inhabitants do not designate them. They also each year enumerate the children in their township between the ages of 5 and 21. The inhabitants of each school-district elect for a year a school director, who takes care of the school-house, provides fuel, &c., and reports to the trustees. The schools in each township are to be taught an equal length of time, without regard to the diversity in the number of pupils therein. There is to be assessed each year the sum of ten cents on each $100 worth of taxable property, and 50 cents on each poll, (except upon the property and polls of negroes and mulattoes, who have none of the benefits of this act,) for the use of common schools; and one quarter of a mill on each dollar and 25 cents on each poll (the poll-tax to last but one year) for the purchase of township libraries, such libraries to be purchased under the direction of the State Board of Education. The school fund is made up of all funds heretofore appropriated to common schools, the surplus revenue, saline, bank tax, and seminary funds; all fines, forfeitures, and escheats; all grants of land not otherwise specially devoted, the net proceeds of the swamp lands, unclaimed fees, and of all taxes specially laid therefor. The income of the fund is apportioned to the several counties of the State according to the enumeration of scholars therein. The special and common school funds for 1856 were $2,785,358.87. The amount appor tioned from them during the year was $339,881.25. The Superintendent of Public Instruction, January 1, 1857, makes a statement of the educational funds of the State as follows:Productive, $2,822,814.65; unproductive, $2,107,051.59. Total, $4,929,866.24.

Statistics of the Schools for the Year 1856. The number of children reported in the State between the ages of 5 and 21 is 458,355.-The report says that 240,089 were males and 218,266 females. Number of districts reported 6,463; number of common schools, 4,876; children attending schools, 195, 176; teachers, male 3,973, female 1,070; wages per month, males $23.76, females $16.84; average length of schools, 3.03 months. Schoolhouses built, 650, at a cost of $270,883; tax assessed for building school-houses, $481,832.55; books in school libraries, 188,499; number added during the year, 144,880.

Banks. 1 Of the Free Banks organized under the general banking law, 44 had suspended payment and were winding up. Their outstanding circulation, near November 1, 1856, was $155,189, to redeem which the securities were, at their par value, $49,514.09. For the condition of the State Bank and 13 Branches, and of 32 Free Banks, in October, 1856, seo ante, p. 221. November 15, 1856, there were 26 specie paying Free Banks in the State. Their circulation was $777,039, and their securities on deposit were $ 903 994.

XXVII. ILLINOIS.

Capital, Springfield. Area, 55,409 sq. m. Population, 1855, 1,306,576.
Government for the Year 1858.

Term ends.

Salary.

WILLIAM H. BISSELL, of Belleville, Governor, and ex officio

2d Monday in Jan. 1861, $1,500 Lieutenant-Governor,

$3 a day

[during session, and 10 cents a mile travel.

Land Commissioner,

John Wood,

of Quincy,

This court holds one session in each Division of the State each year. The terms are, - 1st Division, at Mt. Vernon, Jefferson Co., on the 2d Monday in November; 2d Division, at Springfield, on the 2d Monday in Dec.; 3d Division, at Ottawa, La Salle Co., on the 2d Monday of June. Circuit Courts.†

*Exclusive of clerk hire. The Secretary of State has fees also.

The term of office of the several Judges ends in June, 1861; of the Prosecuting Attorneys, November, 1860. The salary of the Judge is $1,000; of the Prosecuting Attorney, $500 and fees.

Cook County Common Pleas, John M. Wilson, Judge. Term ends, 1861; $1,000 and Fees. Walter Kimball, Clerk.

These courts have concurrent jurisdiction in the county and city respectively with the Circuit Court and Common Pleas in all civil cases and in all criminal cases except murder and treason. Each county has a County Court, with jurisdiction to the same amount as justices of the peace, but their business is chiefly probate matters.

FINANCES.

The debt of the State, principal and interest, is stated to have been January 1, 1857, $ 12,831,000. During the last four years $4,500,000 has been paid on account of the public debt. If the present rate of taxation is continued, and the present method of reducing the State debt followed, it will be entirely extinguished in 1866.

Banks. For the condition of the banks of the State in October, 1856, see ante, p. 221. Common Schools. — Amount of funds devoted to Common Schools, December 10, 1854, $799,

25. There are, besides, the College Fund, and the Seminary Fund, amounting to

$ 152,1 82. Making, devoted to purposes of education, $951,504.07.

The hole of this sum has been borrowed or appropriated by the State, and devoted to pay the current expenses of the government. The State pays six per cent interest on the amount. The interest of the Common School Fund for 1853 was $ 57,090.25, which, except of 1 per cent ($2,378.76) paid to the Deaf and Dumb Asylum, was divided among the several counties, in proportion to the number of white children under the age of 21.

Beside this State fund, there are county and township funds. The value of the county funds is estimated at $ 50,000; of the township funds, $ 1,952,090.51; which would make a total principal of $2,953,594.58. The interest on the State fund is at 6 per cent; on county and township funds, at 10 per cent; total net proceeds of interest, $196,281.54. Raised by ad valorem tax in 97 counties, $ 42,705.42, appropriated chiefly to school-houses, sites, &c.

Returns for the year 1856 were received from 6,813 organized districts. Amount of public money paid for teachers' wages, $145,183.07; amount paid, besides public money, $157,915.01; whole amount expended for schools in these counties, $308,385.52. Number of schools, 7,634; taught by males, 3,672; by females, 2,699; by both, 743. There were 696,316 white children under 21 in the State, of whom 323,393 attended school; average length of schools (in months), 6.0; average monthly wages of male teachers, $25; of females, $ 12.

Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Jacksonville. - Number of pupils during the term, 109, of whom 94 were from Illinois. The annual expenses of the institution are about $19.000. There is also an Institution for the Blind at Jacksonville, and a State Hospital for the Insane. The whole number admitted since the opening of the institution to December 1, 1851, 404, 211 males and 193 females; discharged recovered, 148; not recovered, 63; died 27. Receipts for two years, $ 104,696.50; expenditures, $ 100,680.93.

State Census. -The population in 1855 was 1,306,576, being a gain of 455,106 since 1850.

XXVIII. MISSOURI.

Capital, Jefferson City. Area, 65,037 sq. m. Population, 1850, 682,014.

Government for the Year 1858.

ROBERT M. STEWART, of Buchanan Co., Governor,

Term ends. Salary. Dec. 1860, $2,500

[and a furnished house.