The county of Windham is in some other sections, are well general a rich and productive ag-adapted to a grain culture, and ricultural district. Its surface is afford considerable quantities of characteristically a succession of oats, Indian corn and rye; parmoderate elevations, with gentle ticularly of the two first. In the declivities; and its general incli-eastern part of the county, there nation is to the south and east, are some sections that are light and most of its waters run in those and lean. The raising of neat directions. cattle and sheep also receives considerable attention in this county; and in general the agricultural interests are as flourishing in this as in any part of the State; its inhabitants being remarkable for their hardy and persevering habits of industry, the salutary results of which, in the cultivation of the

With the exception of some part of the borders of Long Island sound, and the beautiful vale of Connecticut river, this county has as mild and as uniform a climate as any section of the State. Although this tract is uniformly hilly, yet no part of it is mountainous, or very elevated. The pre-earth, the flourishing state of agvailing soil is a primitive, gravelly riculture, the numerous manufacloam, being a suitable mixture of turing establishments, and the gegravel and siliceous earths. In neral condition and appearance the greatest portion of the coun- of social improvements and of ty, the surface is stony, and con-wealth, are every where to be seen. siderably rough; so much so, in many sections, as to render it unsuitable for arable purposes. The lands in general are best adapted to grazing; and many sections afford some of the richest and most productive dairy farms in the State. The natural character and adaptation of the soil must always,ceives, in its course, the French, in a greater or less degree, control its agricultural interests; and hence, in this county, the dairy business comprises the principal objects of husbandry, and affords its most important staples. Large quantities of cheese, butter and pork are annually sent abroad; being marketed in Norwich, Providence, Boston, New-York and the southern States.

Upon the borders of the Quinibaug and Shetucket, and their branches, there are considerable tracts of alluvial, which, with

The waters of the county are mostly embodied in the two principal rivers by which it is intersected, the Quinibaug and Shetucket. The first of these rivers waters the eastern section of the county, and affords some valuable tracts of alluvial. This river re

the Moosup, Little river, and va rious other small streams; which abound with numerous sites for hydraulic works. The Shetucket washes the western section of the county; its principal tributary streams are the Willimantie and Hop rivers, the former of which forms a part of its western boundary, and the Nachaug, which has numerous branches, and abounds with many valuable water privileges.

Shad and salmon are taken in the Quinibaug, the Shetucket, and

their branches; and the latter,||themselves and pursue the bu

which have long since left the Connecticut, ascend the Quinibaug as high as French river, in Thompson.

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wool and dressing cloth for customers, of which there are of the former, 37, and of the latter, 23.

siness-it is reduced to a certainty that they will. The most sceptical and the most prejudiced must yield to the force of facts, and Within the last ten years, a ma- the demonstrations of experience. nufacturing spirit has disclosed it- Some attention has been paid to self in this county, which, by open- the woolen manufacture. There ing new fields for enterprise, new are 10 small establishments in the channels for capital, and develop-county; and the domestic or ing new sources of industry, pro- household manufactures of wool mises the most important and ex- are extensive, and are facilitated tensive results. This spirit has by This spirit has by establishments for carding been principally directed to the cotton manufacture, which is pursued more extensively here than in any other county in this State. There are 22 Cotton Factories in this county, many of which are upon a respectable, and some upon an extensive scale. Most of these factories were established during the late war; and at that time they were very flourishing and prosperous; but from the vast and alarming influx of goods, The county of Windham contains which followed the peace, in com- 52 Religious Societies, 31 School mon with other establishments Societies, which are divided into a throughout the country, they ex-suitable number of School Disperienced great depression, and tricts, of which there are 187, exexhibited serious appearances of declension, many having stopped their operations; but for some time past the business has been reviving, and it is gratifying to reflect, that they have survived the Windham county originally becrisis, and that it is no longer a longed to the counties of Hartford problem, whether our cotton fac-and New-London, and was incortories will be able to maintain porated as a county in May 1726.

There are in the county 85 Grain Mills, 2 Oil Mills, and 2 Paper Mills. Besides these, there are several other manufactures in some sections of the county; raw and sewing silk, horn combs, and various manufactures of iron, such as steel-yards, screw augers, &c. receive considerable attention.

clusive of Woodstock; 23 Social Libraries, & 91 Mercantile Stores.

The population of the county, in 1810, was 21,611; and its aggregate list, in 1817, $678,629.

WINDHAM.

WINDHAM, the seat of justice|| east of Hartford, and 44 west of for the county, and a considera-Providence; bounded on the north ble post township, is situated 14 by Hampton and Mansfield, on the miles north of Norwich port, 30 west by Columbia and Lebanon,

on the south by Franklin and Lis-ing this town from the northwest, bon, in New-London county, and and the latter from the north. on the east by Canterbury. The They unite about two and a half township comprises an area of miles northwest from the Courtabout 46 square miles; having a House, in this town, and form the mean length from east to west of Shetucket, a cònsiderable and about 8 miles, with a medium pleasant river. These and other breadth of nearly 6 miles. small streams afford numerous This is a pleasant and fertile in-sites for hydraulic works. They terior township; the surface is ge-are also supplied with fish, consinerally hilly, particularly the eas-derable quantities of shad and tern section; but it is not moun- some salmon being annually tatainous or broken. Its geological ken in the Shetucket, Willimantic character is primitive, the internal and Nachaug rivers. Across the strata consisting principally of gra-Shetucket, within this town, there nite and schistus.

About three miles northwest from the Court-House, there is an inexhaustible quarry of stone, which are very excellent and valuable for building, and a great convenience to the town.

are three expensive bridges; one considerable bridge upon the Willimantic, and two upon the Nachaug, all of which are maintained at the expense of the town.

It is accommodated with several turnpike roads; two of which The prevailing soil is a dark co-intersect each other at right loured gravelly loam; some sec-angles in its centre, one leading tions in the first society or western from the State of Massachusetts part of the town are a sandy to Norwich and New-London, the

loam.

The forests are not extensive, but sufficient for the purposes of fuel, and to supply the demands for timber, which the interests of the town require. They consist principally of hickory, oak of the various kinds, and chesnut.

The agricultural productions comprise all which are common to this region; beef, pork, butter, cheese, Indian corn, rye, oats and buckwheat are the principal. Of most or all of these productions, there is annually a considerable surplus, which is sent abroad for a market.

other leading from Hartford to Providence; there is also a turnpike leading from this place to Middletown.

The manufacturing and mechanical establishments of the town consist of 2 Paper Mills, 3 Fulling Mills and Clothiers' works, 3 Carding Machines, 8 Grain Mills and 10 Saw Mills.

The population of the town, in 1810, was 2416; and there are about 400 Electors, 3 Companies of militia, two of Infantry and one of Artillery, and 450 Dwelling houses.

This town contains two ParishThe waters of the town are es or located Ecclesiastical Socieabundant and pure. The princi-ties, one called the First Society, pal streams are the Willimantic the other Scotland Society; beand Nachaug; the former enter-sides these there are two Societies

their branches; and the latter, which have long since left the Connecticut, ascend the Quinibaug as high as French river, in Thompson.

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themselves and pursue the business;-it is reduced to a certainty that they will. The most sceptical and the most prejudiced must yield to the force of facts, and Within the last ten years, a ma- the demonstrations of experience. nufacturing spirit has disclosed it- Some attention has been paid to self in this county, which, by open- the woolen manufacture. There ing new fields for enterprise, new are 10 small establishments in the channels for capital, and develop-county; and the domestic ing new sources of industry, pro- household manufactures of wool mises the most important and ex- are extensive, and are facilitated tensive results. This spirit has by establishments for carding been principally directed to the wool and dressing cloth for cuscotton manufacture, which is pur-tomers, of which there are of sued more extensively here than the former, 37, and of the latter, 23. in any other county in this State. There are 22 Cotton Factories in this county, many of which are upon a respectable, and some upon an extensive scale. Most of these factories were established during the late war; and at that time they were very flourishing and prosperous; but from the vast and alarming influx of goods, which followed the peace, in common with other establishments throughout the country, they ex-suitable number of School Disperienced great depression, and exhibited serious appearances of declension, many having stopped their operations; but for some The population of the county, time past the business has been in 1810, was 21,611; and its agreviving, and it is gratifying to gregate list, in 1817, $678,629. reflect, that they have survived the Windham county originally becrisis, and that it is no longer allonged to the counties of Hartford problem, whether our cotton fac-and New-London, and was incortories will be able to maintain porated as a county in May 1726.

There are in the county 85 Grain Mills, 2 Oil Mills, and 2 Paper Mills. Besides these, there are several other manufactures in some sections of the county; raw and sewing silk, horn combs, and various manufactures of iron, such as steel-yards, screw augers, &c. receive considerable attention.

The county of Windham contains 52 Religious Societies, 31 School Societies, which are divided into a

tricts, of which there are 187, exclusive of Woodstock; 23 Social Libraries, & 91 Mercantile Stores.

WINDHAM,

WINDHAM, the seat of justice || east of Hartford, and 44 west of for the county, and a considera-Providence; bounded on the north ble post township, is situated 14|| by Hampton and Mansfield, on the miles north of Norwich port, 30 west by Columbia and Lebanon,

on the south by Franklin and Lis-ing this town from the northwest, and the latter from the north. They unite about two and a half miles northwest from the CourtHouse, in this town, and form the Shetucket, a cònsiderable and

bon, in New-London county, and on the east by Canterbury. The township comprises an area of about 46 square miles; having a mean length from east to west of about 8 miles, with a medium pleasant river. These and other breadth of nearly 6 miles. small streams afford numerous

This is a pleasant and fertile in- ||sites for hydraulic works. They terior township; the surface is ge-are also supplied with fish, consinerally hilly, particularly the eas-derable quantities of shad and tern section; but it is not mounnot moun- some salmon being annually tatainous or broken. Its geological ken in the Shetucket, Willimantic character is primitive, the internal and Nachaug rivers. Across the strata consisting principally of gra-Shetucket, within this town, there nite and schistus.

About three miles northwest from the Court-House, there is an inexhaustible quarry of stone, which are very excellent and valuable for building, and a great convenience to the town.

are three expensive bridges; one considerable bridge upon the Willimantic, and two upon the Nachaug, all of which are maintained at the expense of the town.

It is accommodated with several turnpike roads; two of which The prevailing soil is a dark co-intersect each other at right loured gravelly loam; some sec-angles in its centre, one leading tions in the first society or western | from the State of Massachusetts part of the town are a sandy to Norwich and New-London, the loam. other leading from Hartford to Providence; there is also a turnpike leading from this place to Middletown.

The forests are not extensive, but sufficient for the purposes of fuel, and to supply the demands for timber, which the interests of the town require. They consist principally of hickory, oak of the various kinds, and chesnut.

The agricultural productions comprise all which are common to this region; beef, pork, butter, cheese, Indian corn, rye, oats and buckwheat are the principal. Of most or all of these productions, there is annually a considerable surplus, which is sent abroad for a market.

The manufacturing and mechanical establishments of the town consist of 2 Paper Mills, 3 Fulling Mills and Clothiers' works, 3 Carding Machines, 8 Grain Mills and 10 Saw Mills.

The population of the town, in 1810, was 2416; and there are about 400 Electors, 3 Companies of militia, two of Infantry and one of Artillery, and 450 Dwelling houses.

This town contains two ParishThe waters of the town are es or located Ecclesiastical Socieabundant and pure. The princi-ties, one called the First Society, pal streams are the Willimantic the other Scotland Society; beand Nachaug; the former cnter-sides these there are two Societies