Remarks on the Use and Abuse of Some Political TermsClarendon Press, 1898 - 194 頁 |
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absolute absolute monarchy according adult males ambiguity appears applied argument aristocracy Aristotle Athenian authority Bampton Lectures belong Blackstone called civil commonwealth considered constitution Crown 8vo definition democracy democratic derived despotism distinction division of governments doctrine duties Edinburgh Review Edition election elective monarchy electors England English Essay exercise existence expression following passage forms of government G. C. Lewis hereditary History influence institutions interest Isaac Bayley Balfour King labour language legislative sovereignty legislature likewise limited monarchy Lord Lord Palmerston manner means ment middle class mixed government Montesquieu moral nation natural liberty never oligarchy opinion opposed Parliament party persons Polybius popular possess prince principle question reason remarks representative rich and poor rules says sense signify Sir George Lewis society sometimes sovereign body sovereign power sovereignty speak term theory things tion treatise tyranny vested rights wealth whole community word wrong
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第 51 頁 - It hath sovereign and uncontrollable authority in the making, confirming, enlarging, restraining, abrogating, repealing, reviving, and expounding of laws concerning matters of all possible denominations, ecclesiastical or temporal, civil, military, maritime or criminal; this being the place where that absolute despotic power which must in all governments reside somewhere is intrusted by the Constitution of these kingdoms.
第 24 頁 - The pretended rights of these theorists are all extremes : and in proportion as they are metaphysically true, they are morally and politically false. The rights of men are in a sort of middle, incapable of definition, but not impossible to be discerned. The rights of men in governments are their advantages ; and these are often in balances between differences of good; in compromises sometimes between good and evil, and sometimes between evil and evil.
第 152 頁 - Political, therefore, or civil liberty, which is that of a member of society, is no other than natural liberty so far restrained by human laws (and no farther) as is necessary and expedient for the general advantage of the public.
第 70 頁 - commonwealth" I must be understood all along to mean not a democracy, or any form of government, but any independent community which the Latins signified by the word civitas, to which the word which best answers in our language is "commonwealth...
第 26 頁 - Municipal law, thus understood, is properly defined to be a 'rule of civil conduct prescribed by the supreme power in a state, commanding what is right and prohibiting what is wrong.
第 166 頁 - It is a mistake to think this fault is proper only to monarchies. Other forms of government are liable to it as well as that; for wherever the power that is put in any hands for the government of the people and the preservation of their properties is applied to other ends, and made use of to impoverish, harass, or subdue them to the arbitrary and irregular commands of those that have it, diere it presently becomes tyranny, whether those that thus use it are one or many.
第 143 頁 - Nor think, in Nature's state they blindly trod; The state of Nature was the reign of God: Self-love and social at her birth began, Union the bond of all things, and of man.
第 100 頁 - It is very evident that this reasoning extends to every modification of the smaller number. Whenever the powers of government are placed in any hands other than those of the community, whether those of one man, of a few, or of several, those principles of human nature which imply that government is at all necessary, imply that those persons will make use of them to defeat the very end for which government exists.
第 55 頁 - The difference of Commonwealths consisteth in the difference of the sovereign, or the person representative of all and every one of the multitude. And because the sovereignty is either in one man, or in an assembly of more than one; and into that assembly either every man hath right to enter, or not every one, but certain men distinguished from the rest; it is manifest, there can be but three kinds of Commonwealth. For the representative must needs be one man, or more: and if more, then it is the...
第 144 頁 - Ah ! how unlike the man of times to come ! Of half that live the butcher and the tomb ! Who, foe to nature, hears the general groan, Murders their species, and betrays his own. But just disease to luxury succeeds, And every death its own avenger breeds; The fury-passions from that blood began, And turn'd on man a fiercer savage, man.