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as something not worth notice; from lie, in l. 41, we must supply be before thrown.

43, 4. and He... sparrow, cp. Job, xxxviii. 41, “Who provideth for the raven his food? when his young ones cry unto God, they wander for lack of meat"; Luke, xii. 6, "Are not five sparrows sold for two farthings, and not one of them is forgotten before God?" cater, literally to buy, get provisions; "properly a substantive. The old spelling is catour ... a contracted form of acatour... [which] is formed (by adding the O. F._suffix -our of the agent) from acate, a buying, purchase... ·O. F. acat, achat, a purchase (Skeat, Ety. Dict.).

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49. Hot and... blood, if in is the true reading, we must, with Steevens, take the construction to be liquors that rebel against the constitution,' but the use of apply without an object seems strange, and Capell conjectured to for in.

50, 1. Nor did not... debility, nor with shameless effrontery courted those pleasures which bring with them weakness, etc.; for the emphatic double negative, see Abb. § 406.

56, 7. how well... world, how noble an example you are of the good old times of faithful service.

58. When service... meed, when service was ungrudgingly rendered for love of duty, not for love of gain; the repetition of service has been suspected, and fashion, virtue, temper, conjectured in 1. 57, but the repetition may be designed for emphasis.

59. for, suited to, in keeping with.

61, 2. And having... having, "and having acquired promotion, cancel the service they have done, by means of the very gain it procured them" (Clarke).

63-5. But,... husbandry, but you in your persistent devotion to my service are making an outlay for which you can never hope to receive a return: in lieu, in return for, as always in Shakespeare; cp. M. V. iv. 1. 410, “in lieu whereof Three thousand ducats, due unto the Jew, We freely cope your courteous pains withal.” 66. thy ways, see note on i. 2. 178.

67. thy youthful wages, the wages earned in your youth.

68. We'll light... content, we will find out for ourselves some way of life which, if humble, will be one of contentment.

74. too late a week, a good deal too late; a week, by a week, i.e. an indefinite time; cp. Haml. ii. 2. 282, “my thanks are too dear a halfpenny.”

76. Than to die... debtor, to die loyally serving my master rather than coming short of the service due to him.

SCENE IV.

i

STAGE DIRECTION. for, under the name of; in the character of.

1. weary, Theobald's conjecture for the folio reading 'merry,' which is defended by some on the ground that Rosalind is affecting merriment in order to encourage Celia. If merry be retained, Touchstone's answer must be taken as Whiter explains it, 'I care not whether my spirits were good or bad, if my legs were not weary'; and Rosalind's next speech as far as petticoat must be regarded as heard by the Clown only.

3, 4. I could find ... woman, cp. above, i. 3. 112-6.

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4, 5. the weaker vessel, from i. Peter, iii. 7, "giving honour unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel. So, Psalms, xxxi. 12, David in despondency compares himself to "a broken vessel,' and in Acts, x. 15, Paul is called " a chosen vessel."

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5. doublet and hose, I, as a man; this being the dress of a man ; doublet, a diminutive of 'double,' being an inner garment, a smaller double of the outer one; hose, not as now the stockings merely, but long breeches from the hips to the ankles.

7. bear with me, do not be angry with me for giving way to my weariness.

...

8, 9. I had rather you, for the same play on bear, Steevens compares R. III. iii. 1. 128, and Wright, T. G. i. 1. 125-8.

9. cross, heavy burden, misfortune; with a play in the next line upon the old penny which had a double cross upon it. The same pun occurs in ii. H. IV. i. 2. 252, 3, Not a penny, not a penny; you are too impatient to bear crosses.

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12. in Arden, sc. of which you told me so much. Upton supposes the Clown to be punning again, Arden quasi a den.

17. solemn, serious.

19. that thou knew'st, I wish that you could only know. 23, sigh'd... pillow, lay tossing and sighing in bed far into the night.

25. As sure I think, though I am certain; As is what Ingleby, Shakespeare, The Man and the Book, i. p. 147, calls "the conjunction of reminder, being employed by Shakespeare to introduce a subsidiary statement, qualifying, or even contradicting, what goes before, which the person addressed is required to take for granted"; cp. below, iii. 5. 39, "What though you have some beauty,-As, by my faith, I see no more in you Than without candle may go dark to bed"; M. M. ii. 4. 89, “Admit no other way to save his life, As I subscribe not that nor any other"; A. C. i. 4. 22, Say this becomes him, As his

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composure must be rare indeed Whom these things cannot blemish."

27. drawn to, led into performing: fantasy, love; the older and fuller form of 'fancy.'

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29. then, i.e. if you can forget a single one of them.

32. Thou hast not loved, Abbott, § 511, points out that 'single lines with two or three accents are frequently interspersed amid the ordinary verses of five accents. These lines are often found in passages of soliloquy where passion is at its height.'

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34. Wearing, altered in the later folios to 'Wearying,' is defended by Dyce, by a quotation from Jonson's Gipsies Metamorphosed, "Or a long pretended fit, Meant for mirth, but is not it; Only time and ears out-wearing"; which, however, is perhaps scarcely parallel.

36. broke, for the curtailed form of the participle, see Abb. § 343.

37. makes me, sc. do.

40. searching of thy wound, listening to you while probing your wound; for searching, = probing as with a tent or probe, cp. T. C. ii. 2. 16, "the tent that searches To the bottom of the worst" and for of, following a present participle, see Abb. § 178.

41. by hard adventure, by painful experience; the pain being caused by her listening to his woes, and thus being made acutely to remember her own.

43. bid him take that, the words 'take that' being addressed to the stone as he struck it with his sword.

44. a-night, by night: literally in or on the night.

44, 5. the kissing of, referring to this passage, Abbott, § 93, remarks, "The substantival use of the verbal with 'the' before it and 'of' after it seems to have been regarded as colloquial."

45. batlet, little bat, i.e. staff for beating linen after washing: chopt, or chapped, i.e. the skin of which had cracked owing to exposure to weather, especially when imperfectly dried, as would often be the case with one engaged in washing clothes.

46. peascod, properly the peapod with the peas inside it, but here apparently the plant itself.

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47. from whom, i.e. the pea plant: cods, pods, husks containing peas; A.S. cod, a bag. Our ancestors," says Halliwell, were frequently accustomed in their love affairs to employ the divination of a peascod, by selecting one growing on the stem, snatching it away quickly, and if the omen of the peas remaining in the husk were preserved, then presenting it to the lady of

their choice... Winter-time for shoeing, peascod-time for wooing,' is an old proverb in a MS. Devon. Gl. But perhaps the allusion in Shakespeare is best illustrated by the following passage in Browne's Britannia's Pastorals, The peascod greene oft with no little toyle Hee'd seeke for in the fattest fertil'st soile, And rend it from the stalke to bring it to her, And in her bosome for acceptance wooe her.'"

48. weeping tears, Capell sees here a laugh at Lodge, from whom the plot of the play is derived, he having used the expression seriously in a sonnet; but Halliwell shows that it was of so extremely common occurrence that it is unnecessary to suppose that Shakespeare was laughing at the novelist.

50. mortal in folly, mortally (i.e. extravagantly) foolish. 51. ware of, conscious of.

52. ware... wit, the Clown plays upon the word ware, using it in the sense of careful (about stumbling over it).

54. passion, strong emotion, almost 'suffering.'

56. but it... me, but with me it is almost worn out, has lost its sharp flavour.

57. yond, properly an adverb, yon being the adjective.

60. he's... kinsman, it is an impertinence in you to call him 'clown.'

61. betters, sc. in rank; taken by Corin to mean those in happier circumstances.

65. entertainment, food and shelter.

66. Bring, conduct, lead.

68. And faints for succour, and who is faint for want of help, i.e. food; for, cp. H. V. i. 2. 114, "cold for action," i.e. for want of action.

72. And do not. graze, and do not enjoy the profits from the sheep (by the sale of their wool) which I tend at pasture.

74. little recks to find, cares little about finding.

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76. cote, hut; bounds of feed, range of pasture" (Caldecott). 77. on sale, about to be sold; not 'for sale.'

79. That you on, that you will care to eat.

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80. in my voice, so far as I may welcome you.

81. What, what sort of a person, of what condition; less definite than who shall buy, has made up his mind to buy.

84. if it... honesty, if it is consistent with honesty; if you can do so without breaking faith with the intending purchaser.

86. have to pay, have the means of paying, the money to pay. 87. mend, raise.

88. waste, spend; cp. M. V. iii. 4. 12, "companions That do converse and waste the time together.

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90. upon report, on hearing the details.

91. profit, sc. which is likely to accrue from it.

92. feeder, shepherd, feeder of your flocks.

93. right suddenly, without the least delay; right, intensive.

SCENE V.

3. tune, Rowe's conjecture for turne or turn of the folios, which is retained by many editors, Knight explaining it as = modulate. In support of tune, Malone compares T. G. v. 4. 5, "And to the nightingale's complaining notes Tune my distresses," while Dyce quotes The Lamentable Tragedie of Locrine, 1595, "But when he sees that needs he must be prest Heele turn his note and sing another tune," to show that to 'turn a note' means to change a note. To turn a tune,' which Steevens cites as 66 current phrase among vulgar musicians," seems a different thing from turning a note, and here the idea of attuning seems strangely expressed by 'turn unto.'

5. Come, let him come.

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11. I thank it, if it does make me melancholy, I am only grateful to it.

11, 2. I can suck ... eggs, i.e. with as much pleasure.

14. ragged, rugged, full of jars.

16. stanzo, for this form of the word Furness quotes Sherwood's English and French Dictionarie, appended to Cotgrave, "A stanzo (staff of verses) Stance. A stanzo (of eight verses) Octastique.'

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18, 9. I care not... nothing, I am not particular as to what you call them, I am not anxious to be sure of their names as I should be if they were men in my debt.

23. dog-apes, Douce quotes Bartholomæus, "Some be called cenophe; and be lyke to an hounde in the face, and in the body lyke to an ape"; and Wright, Topsell's History of Beasts, Cynocephales are a kind of Apes, whose heades are like Dogs, and their other parts like a man's.' Does it mean here anything more than male apes?

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24, 5. the beggarly thanks, the thanks common from beggars. 27. cover the while, lay the table, as we say; lay the cloth, with the silver, etc., ready for dining; cp. M. V. iii. 5. 55, “Lor. Bid them prepare dinner. Launc. That is done too, sir; only cover is the word "; the while, while we are singing.

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