entered upon mercantile business. He ed autobiography, completed by his son, was with Colonel Monckton in Nova Sco- Winslow Cossoul Watson, was publish- Watson, DAVID KEMPER, lawyer; born in Madison county, O., June 18, 1849; graduated at Dickinson College in 1871; appointed assistant United States attorney for the southern district of Ohio; attorney-general of Ohio in 1887-89; member of Congress in 1895-97; appointed by President McKinley on the commission to revise and codify the civil penal laws of the United States. He is the author of History of American Coinage; Early Judiciary; Early Laws and Bar of Ohio, etc. Watson, EBENEZER, editor; born in Bethlehem, Conn., in 1744. He was for several years editor and publisher of The Courant; and after his death in Hartford, Conn., Sept. 16, 1777, his second wife, HANNAH BUNCE, conducted the paper, probably the first woman who edited a newspaper in this country. Watson, FORT, CAPTURE OF. Upon an ancient tumulus, almost 50 feet high, on the borders of Scott's Lake (an expansion of the Santee River), a few miles below the junction of the Congaree and Wateree, the British built Fort Watson, named in jected it. In April, 1781, it was garrisoned by eighty regulars and forty loyalists, under the command of Lieutenant McKay, when Marion and Lee appeared before it and demanded its surrender. Colonel Watson was on his way from Georgetown with a large force to assist McKay, and the latter promptly defied Marion and Lee. The latter had no cannon, and the stockade was too high to be seriously affected by small-arms. Lieutenant Maham, of Marion's brigade, planned and built a tower of logs sufficiently high to overlook the stockade, with a parapet at the top for the defence of sharpshooters placed therein. This work was accomplished during a dark night, and at dawn the garrison was awakened by a shower of bullets from a company of riflemen on the top of the tower. Another party ascended the mound and attacked the abatis with vigor. Resistance was vain. The fort, untenable, was surrendered (April 23), and, with the garrison as prisoners, Marion pushed northward to the High Hills of Santee. Watson, ELKANAH, agriculturist; born in Plymouth, Mass., Jan. 22, 1758; was apprenticed in 1773 to John Brown, a merchant in Providence, R. I., who in 1775 sent him with a large quantity of powder to Washington for use in the siege of Boston. At the age of twenty-one (1779) he was made bearer of despatches by Congress to Dr. Franklin, in Paris. He visited Michigan and explored the lake region, and also a route to Montreal, with a view to opening some improved way for its commercial connection with New York and Boston. In 1828 he settled at Port Kent, on the west side of Lake Champlain, Watson, JOHN CRITTENDEN, naval where he died, Dec. 5, 1842. His unfinish- officer; born in Frankfort, Ky., Aug. 24, Watson, HENRY CLAY, author; born in Baltimore, Md., in 1831; removed to Philadelphia, Pa., and engaged in journalism; was connected with the North American, and the Evening Journal; later removed to Sacramento, where he edited the Times. He wrote Camp-fires of the Revolution; Nights in a Block-house; Old Bell of Independence; The Yankee Teapot; Lives of the Presidents of the United States: Heroic Women of History, etc. He died in Sacramento, Cal., July 10, 1869. 1842; graduated at the United States Tales of the Olden Times in New York Military Academy in 1860; served in the (1832), and Historic Tales of the Olden Times in Philadelphia (1833). He also Watson, PAUL BARRON, author; born Civil War, being present at the passage of Forts Jackson and St. Philip and the Vicksburg batteries; took part in the battle of Mobile Bay, etc.; promoted lieutenant-commander, July 25, 1866; captain, Watson, JOHN TADWELL, military offiMarch 6, 1887; and commodore, Nov. 7, cer; born in London, England, in 1748; en1897. On June 27, 1898, he was appointed tered the 3d Foot Guards in 1767; became chief of the Eastern Squadron, which was lieutenant and captain in 1778. He unoriginally organized for the purpose of dertook the destruction of Gen. Francis intercepting the Spanish fleet under Ad- Marion's brigade in 1781, and after sevmiral Camara, which it was supposed had eral skirmishes fled to Georgetown. He sailed for the United States under orders became colonel in 1783, and general in to devastate the coast cities and to co- 1808. He died in Calais, France, June 11, operate with Admiral Cervera. This 1826. Spanish fleet for several weeks was variously reported as being at the Cape Verde in Morristown, N. J., March 25, 1861; Islands and at other points near the graduated at Harvard College in 1881; American seaboard, and at one time it admitted to the bar in 1885, and prac started to go through the Suez Canal and tised in Boston. He published a Bibliogto Manila Bay for the purpose of attack- raphy of the Pre-Columbian Discoveries ing Dewey's fleet. After the destruction of America. of Cervera's fleet it was reported in the United States that Commodore Watson had received orders to proceed with all haste to the Spanish coast and to begin offensive operations there. This avowed legislature in 1882-83; and of Congress purpose on the part of the United States (as a Populist) in 1891-93. During the government, taken in connection with the latter period he had a bill passed granting destruction of Cervera's fleet and the sur- the first appropriation for the free delivery render of the Spanish army at Santiago, of mail in rural districts. In 1896 he was led the Spanish government to authorize nominated for Vice-President of the Unitthe French ambassador in Washington to ed States by the Populist convention in make overtures for peace. He was St. Louis. He is the author of The Story promoted rear-admiral, March 3, 1899; of France, and the Life of Thomas Jefwas commander-in-chief of the Asiatic ferson. Station from June 15, 1899, to April 19, 1900; and was appointed president of the naval examining board, Oct. 15, 1900. Watson, THOMAS E., lawyer; born in Columbia county, Ga., Sept. 5, 1856; admitted to the bar in 1875 and practised in Thomson, Ga.; member of the Georgia Watson, WINSLOW COSSOUL, author; born in Albany, N. Y., Dec. 22, 1803. He published Pioneer History of the Champlain Valley, Giving an Account of the Settlement of the Town of Willsboro, by William Gilliland, together with his Journal and Other Papers, and a Memoir; The History of Essex County, N. Y., and Military Annals of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, etc. Watson, JoHN FANNING, historian; born in Burlington county, N. J., June 13, 1779; was a clerk in the War Department in 1798, and afterwards went to New Orleans, where, in 1804, he was purveyor of subsistence for the United States troops stationed there. Returning to Philadelphia, he was a bookseller there for Watterson, HENRY, journalist; born in many years. From 1814 until 1847 he was Washington, D. C., Feb. 16, 1840; recashier of a bank in Germantown, and ceived a private education; was a staff afterwards was treasurer of a railroad officer in the Confederate army during the company. He was an industrious delver Civil War. After the war he engaged in antiquarian lore, and in 1830 he pub- in journalism; became editor of the Loulished Annals of Philadelphia. In 1846 isville Courier - Journal. He is the auhe published Annals of New York City and thor of History of the Spanish-American State. He had already published Historic War; Abraham Lincoln, etc. Watts, FREDERICK, military officer; Wauhatchie, BATTLE OF. When Genborn in Wales, June 1, 1719; emigrated to eral Grant arrived at Chattanooga and the United States and settled in Cumber- took chief command, Oct. 23, 1863, he land county, Pa., in 1760. He served in saw the necessity of opening a more direct the Revolutionary War as lieutenant-colo- way to that post for its supplies. General nel, and had command of the battalion Hooker, who had been sent with a large that was assigned to Cumberland county. force under Howard and Slocum from At the surrender of Fort Washington this Virginia, was then at Bridgeport, on the division was captured. After his exchange Tennessee, and Grant ordered him to cross he was made a justice of the peace; a that stream and advance to the Lookrepresentative in the Assembly in 1779; out Valley and menace Bragg's left. He sub-lieutenant of Cumberland county in did so, and reached Wauhatchie, in that 1780; commissioned brigadier-general of valley, on the 28th, after some sharp skirvolunteers in 1782; and was a member of mishing. Being anxious to hold the road the supreme executive council in 178790. He died on his farm on Juniata River, Oct. 3, 1795. Watts, JOHN, legislator; born in New York City, April 16, 1715; married a daughter of Stephen De Lancey in July, 1742; represented New York City in the Provincial Assembly for many years, and was a member of the council eighteen years (1757–75), when, taking sides with the crown, he went to England. His property was confiscated; but the most valuable part of it was afterwards reconveyed to his sons, Robert and John, in July, 1784. He died in Wales in August, 1789. Watts, STEPHEN, lawyer; born about 1743; graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1762; admitted to the bar in Philadelphia in 1769; removed to Louisiana in 1774; later became recorder of deeds of the English settlements on the Mississippi. He wrote an essay on Reciprocal Advantage of a Perpetual Union between Great Britain and Her American Colonics, which was published in 1766. He died in Louisiana in 1788. leading from Lookout Valley to Kelly's Ferry, Hooker sent General Geary to encamp at Wauhatchie. Hooker's movements had been keenly watched by McLaws's division of Longstreet's corps, then holding Lookout Mountain. McLaws swept down the rugged hills and struck Geary's small force at 1 A.M., on Oct. 29, hoping to crush it and capture Hooker's whole army. The attack was made with great fury on three sides of the camp, while batteries on the mountain-sides sent down screaming shells. Geary was not surprised. He met the assailants with a steady, deadly fire. Hearing the noise of battle, Hooker sent General Schurz's division of Howard's corps to Geary's assistance. The Confederates were repulsed after a sharp battle of three hours. They fled, leaving 150 of their number dead on Geary's front; also 100 prisoners and several hundred small-arms. The National loss was 416 killed and wounded. This result secured a safe communication for supplies for the Nationals between Bridgeport and ChatWatts, THOMAS HILL, legislator; born tanooga. An amusing incident occurred in Butler county, Ala., Jan. 3, 1820; grad- during the battle. When it began, about uated at the University of Virginia in 200 mules, frightened by the noise, dash1840: admitted to the bar and began prac- ed into the ranks of Wade Hampton's tice in his native city; elected to the State legion and produced a great panic. The legislature in 1842 and to the State Senate Confederates supposed it to be a charge in 1853; and represented Montgomery of Hooker's cavalry, and fell back at first county in the State convention of 1861. He entered the Confederate service as colonel at the beginning of the Civil War; resigned his post in 1862 after the battle of Shiloh, in which he greatly distinguished himself, on being appointed Attorney-General in President Davis's cabinet; and was elected governor of Alabama in 1863. He died in Montgomery, Ala., Sept. 16, 1892. in some confusion. The incident inspired a mock-heroic poem, in six stanzas, in imitation of Tennyson's Charge of the Light Brigade at Balaklava, one verse of which was as follows: "Mules to the right of them-- Pawed, neighed, and thundered; Breaking their own confines- Into the Georgia lines Stormed the two hundred." Andover Theological Seminary in 1816; was instructor there for four years; ordained in the Baptist Church, and became pastor of the First Baptist church Wayland, FRANCIS, educator; born in in Boston, Mass., in 1821; was professor New York City, March 11, 1796; gradu- in Union College in 1826; president of ated at Union College in 1813; studied Brown University in 1827-55; pastor of medicine for three years; entered the the First Baptist church in Providence, R. I., in 1855; and author of Thoughts on Hudson, in July, 1779, was one of the the Present Collegiate System of the United States; Domestic Slavery Considered as a Spiritual Institution, etc. He died in Providence, R. I., Sept. 30, 1865. most brilliant achievements of the war. In that attack he was wounded in the head, and Congress gave him a vote of thanks and a gold medal. In June, 1781, Wayne joined Lafayette in Virginia, where he performed excellent service until the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown. Wayne, ANTHONY, military officer; born in Easttown, Chester co., Pa., Jan. 1, 1745. His grandfather, who came to America in 1722, was commander of a squadron of dragoons under William III. at the battle of the Boyne, in Ireland. Anthony, after receiving a good English to Georgia. On May 21, 1782, Colonel education in Philadelphia, was appointed Brown marched out of Savannah in a land agent in Nova Scotia, where he re- strong force to confront rapidly advancing mained a year. Returning, he married, Wayne. The latter got between Brown and until 1774 was a farmer and sur- and Savannah, attacked him at midnight, veyor in Pennsylvania. He was a mem- and routed the whole party. This event ber of the Pennsylvania legislature in occurred on the Ogeechee road, about 4 After the surrender, the Pennsylvania line, under Wayne, marched to South Carolina, and their commander, with a part of them, was sent by General Greene 1774-75; and in September of the latter year he raised the 4th Regiment, of the Pennsylvania line, and was appointed colonel in January, 1776. He went with his regiment to Canada; was wounded in the battle of Three Rivers; and in February, 1777, was made brigadier-general. In the battle of Brandywine, in September, he was distinguished; and nine days after wards he was surprised in the night near the Paoli Tavern, on the Lancaster road, in Pennsylvania, when his command was much cut up, but the remainder retreat ed in safety. He led the right wing of the army in the attack at Germantown, and was slightly wounded. In the battle of Monmouth he was very distinguished; and his capture of Stony Point, on the miles southwest of Savannah. |