Impure quality,' or aspirated, should be used to express all impure ideas; that is, all bad or disagreeable ideas.

Painful earnestness or anxiety demands this aspirated quality' with ' abrupt vanishing stress.'

1. "Take care! your very life is endangered !”

2. "Oh! 't was a fearsome sight! Ah me!

A deed to shudder at, not to see."

3. "While thronged the citizens with terror dumb,

Or whispering with white lips, "The foe! they come, they come!"

4. "He springs from his hammock, he flies to the deck,
Amazement confronts him with images dire,
Wild winds and mad waves drive the vessel a wreck:
The masts fly in splinters, the shrouds are on fire!

"Like mountains the billows tremendously swell :
In vain the lost wretch calls on mercy to save;
Unseen hands of spirits are ringing his knell,

And the death-angel flaps his broad wing o'er the
wave."

Extreme aspiration should mark the fear and horror in the following words of Macbeth.

5.

"I'll go no more:

I am afraid to think what I have done;
Look on 't again I dare not.”

6

Strong aspiration and abrupt radical stress.'

6. "I am astonished, shocked, to hear such principles confessed, to hear them avowed in this house, or in this

country; principles equally unconstitutional, inhuman, and unchristian!"

'Bold' and impassioned' examples for very abrupt stress' and aspirated quality' on the emphatic words.

7. "It was the act of a coward, who raises his arm to strike, but has not the courage to give the blow! I will not call him villain, because it would be unparliamentary, and he is a privy councillor. I will not call him fool, because he happens to be chancellor of the exchequer. But I say he is one who has abused the privilege of parliament and freedom of debate, to the uttering of language which, if spoken out of the house, I should answer only with a blow! I care not how high his situation, how low his character, or how contemptible his speech; whether a privy councillor or a parasite, my answer would be a blow!”

8. "The wretch, who, after having seen the consequences of a thousand errors, continues still to blunder, and whose age has only added obstinacy to stupidity, is surely the object of either abhorrence or contempt, and deserves not that his gray hairs should secure him from insult."

9. "

If ye are beasts, then stand here like fat oxen waiting for the butcher's knife."

This quality of voice demands that the aspirates and the less resonant consonants be made very prominent in the enunciation, while the purer vowels and the liquid, pleasant consonants reserve their prominence till pure tone is required.

All examples of aspirated quality' require abrupt stress.

"Contemptuous and ironical' example.

10. "But base ignoble slaves, slaves to a horde

Of petty tyrants, feudal despots, lords

Rich in some dozen paltry villages,

Strong in some hundred spearmen, — only great
In that strange spell a name."

• Compound' abrupt stress, with the circumflex slide.' 11. "But ere we could arrive the point proposed, Cæsar cried, Hèlp me, Càssius, or I sìnk!'

"And this man

Is now become a gôd; and Cassius is

A wrêtched creature, and must bend his bôdy,
If Cæsar carelessly but nôd on him.

He had a fever when he was in Spáin,

And, when the fit was on him, I did mark

How he did shake: 't is true, this gôd did shâke:
His coward lips did from their côlor fly;
And that same èye, whose bend doth ǎwe the world,
Did lose its lustre. I did hear him grôan;
Ay, and that tongue of his, that bade the Romans
Màrk him, and write his speeches in their books,
Give me some drink, Titinius,'

Alas! it cried,
As a sick girl.

Ye gòds, it doth amaze me,

A man of such a feêble temper should

So get the start of the majestic world
And bear the palm alòne!

"The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stárs,

But in ourselves, that we are ûnderlings."

The malignant feelings of Catiline in the following example call for the most abrupt,' 'vanishing,' and 'compound stress,' with intensely aspirated quality.'

6

12. "What is Rome now? Degenerate, gross, defiled,

The tainted haunt, the gorged receptacle,
Of every slave and vagabond of earth:
A mighty grave that Luxury has dug

To rid the other realms of pestilence !

"I had no chance; wherefore should I be consul?
No; Cicero still is master of the crowd.

Why not? He's made for them, and they for him;
They want a sycophant, and he wants slaves.

"But here I stand and scoff you! here, I fling
Hatred and full defiance in your face!

Your consul's merciful: for this, all thanks.
He dares not touch a hair of Catiline! "

But when fear and secrecy are blended with malignity, the impure quality' is so marked as to be all but a whisper on the emphatic words.

Example from "King John."

"KING JOHN. Good Hubert! Hubert! Hubert! throw

thine eye

On yon young boy. I'll tell thee what, my friend,

He is a very serpent in my way;

And wheresoe'er this foot of mine doth tread,

Well, I'll not say what I intend for thee:

Remember!"

Examples of pure quality.'

1. "That which befits us, imbosomed in beauty and wonder as we are, is cheerfulness and courage, and the endeavor to realize our aspirations."

Example of pure tone,' with lively, median stress.

2. 66

It is now sixteen or seventeen years since I saw the Queen of France, then the Dauphiness, at Versailles, and surely never lighted on this orb, which she hardly seemed to touch, a more delightful vision.

66

"I saw her just above the horizon, decorating and cheering the elevated sphere she just began to move in, glittering like the morning-star, full of life, and splendor, and joy.”

6

'Lower pitch' and slower time.' Long quantity,' and prolonged median stress.

66

3. "O! what a revolution! and what a heart must I have to contemplate without emotion, that elevation and that fall! Little did I dream that I should have lived to see such disasters fallen upon her, in a Nation of gallant men, in a Nation of men of honor, and of cavaliers! I thought ten thousand swords must have leaped from their scabbards, to avenge even a look that threatened her with insult.

"But the age of chivalry is gone, and the glory of Europe is extinguished forever."

The following selection from Shelley's "To a Skylark," is full of rapturous beauty, and requires the 'purest tone' and the smoothest and happiest median stress,' prolonged with swelling fulness on the emphatic words: —

That from heaven, or near it,

Pourest thy full heart

In profuse strains of unpremeditated art.

"Higher still and higher

From the earth thou springest;
Like a cloud of fire,