now Quincy, Mass., eminent as a preacher of the gospel; died 1801, aged 62.

ADAMS, Samuel, governor of Massachusetts, distinguished as a writer and a patriot, and for his influence in forwarding the American revolution; of stern integrity, dignified manners, and great suavity of temper; died 1803, aged 82. ADAMSON, Patrick, Archbishop of St. Andrew's, born at Perth, 1543. In the year 1566, he set out for Paris, as tutor to a young gen-ham's Tower, with a salary of 3001. a year. tleman, where he stayed some months, and then retired to Bourges. He was in this city during the massacre at Paris; and lived concealed, for seven months, at a public house, the master of which, upwards of 70 years of age, was thrown from the top thereof, and had his brains dashed out, for his charity to heritics. In 1573, he returned to Scotland. The earl of Moreton, then regent, on the death of bishop Douglas, promoted him to the archiepiscopal see of St. Andrew's. He died 1591.

ADANSON, Michael, a French naturalist of So much distinction, that he received invitations from different sovereigns of Europe to reside in their states; he died 1806.

treasurer, while it was yet advanced no farther than the simile of the Angel, and was rewarded with the place of commissioner of appeals. In the following year he was at Hanover with lord Halifax; and the year after was made undersecretary of state. When the Marquis of Wharton was appointed lord-lieutenant of Ireland, Addison attended him as his secretary, and was made keeper of the records in BirmingWhen he was in office, he made a law to himself, as Swift has recorded, never to remit his regular fees in civility to his frieads, "I may (said he) have a hundred friends, and if my fee be two guineas, I shail, by relinquishing my right, lose 200 guineas, and no friend gain more than two." He was in Ireland when Steele, without any communication of his design, began the publication of the Tattler; but he was not long concealed; by inserting a remark on Virgil, which Addison had given him, he discovered himself. Steele's first Tattler was published April 22, 1709, and Addison's contribution appeared May 26. To the Tattler, in about two months, succeeded the Spectator, a series of esADDISON, Lancelot,D.D. son of a clergyman says of the same kind, but written with less of the same name; he was born at Maulds Mead-levity, upon a more regular plan, and published burne in Westmoreland, was preferred to the liv- daily. The next year 1713, in which Cato came ing of Milston, &c. 1683, and died April 20, 1703. upon the stage, was the grand climacteric of ADDISON, Joseph, born May 1, 1672, at Addison's reputation. The whole nation was Milston, near Ambrosbury, Wiltshire, of which at that time on fire with faction. The Whigs place his father was rector. He received the applauded every line in which liberty was menfirst rudiments of his education there under the tioned, as a satire on the Tories; and the Tories reverend Mr. Nash; but was removed to Salis- echoed every clap, to show that the satire was bury, under the care of Mr. Taylor; and soon unfelt. While Cato was upon the stage, another after to the Charter-house, where he studied un- daily paper, called the Guardian, was published der Dr. Ellis, and contracted that intimacy with by Steele, to which Addison gave great assistsir Richard Steele, which their joint labours ance. The papers of Addison are marked in have so effectually recorded. In 1687 he was the Spectator by one of the letters in the name entered of Queen's College, Oxford, where, in of Clio, and in the Guardian by a hand. It was 1689, the accidental perusal of some Latin ver- not known that Addison had tried a comedy for ses, gained him the patronage of Dr. Lancas- the stage, till Steele, after his death, declared ter, by whose recommendation he was elected him the author of "The Drummer." This play into Magdalen College as Demy. Here he took Steele carried to the theatre, and afterwards to the degree of M. A. Feb. 14, 1693, continued to the press, and sold the copy for fifty guincas. In cultivate poetry and criticism, and grew first the midst of these agreeable employments Mr. eminent by his Latin compositions, which are Addison was not an indifferent spectator of pubentitled to particular praise. In 1695 he wrote lic affairs. He wrote, as different exigencies a poem to king William, with a kind of rhyming required, in 1707, "The present state of the introduction addressed to lord Somers. In 1697 War," &c.; "The Whig Examiner ;" and the he wrote his poem on the peace of Ryswick," Trial of Count Tariff;" all which tracts, bewhich he dedicated to Mr. Montague, (then ing on temporary topics, expired with the subchancellor of the exchequer) and which was called by Smith "the best Latin poem since the Eneid. Having yet no public employment, be obtained, in 1699, a pension of 3001. a year, that he might be enabled to travel. While he was travelling at leisure in Italy, he was far from being idle; for he not only collected his observations on the country, but found time to write his Dialogues on Medals. Here, also, he wrote the letter to Lord Halifax, which is justly considered as the most elegant, if not the most sublime, of his poetical productions. At his return he published his Travels, with a dedication to Lord Somers. This book, though a while neglected, is said in time to have become so much the favourite of the public, that before it was reprinted it rose to five times in price. The victory at Blenheim in 1704,spread triumph and confidence over the nation: and lord Godolphin, lamenting to lord Halifax that it had not been celebrated in a manner equal to the subject, desired him to propose it to some better poet. Halifax named Addison; who, having undertaken the work, communicated it to the

jects which gave them birth. When the house of Hanover took possession of the throne, it was reasonable to expect that the zeal of Addison would be suitably rewarded. Before the arrival of king George, he was made secretary to the regency, and was required by his office to send notice to Hanover that the queen was dead, and the throne was vacant. To do this would not have been difficult to any man but Addison, who was so overwhelmed with the greatness of the event, and so distracted by choice of expressions, that the lords, who could not wait for the niceties of criticism, called Mr. Southwell, a clerk in the house, and ordered him to despatch the message. Southwell readily told what was necessary, in the common style of business, and valued himself upon having done what was too hard for Addison. He was better qualified for the Freeholder, a paper which he published twice a week, from Dec. 23, 1715, to the middle of the next year. This was undertaken in defence of the established government, sometimes with argument, sometimes with mith. In argument he had many equals, but his humour

AD

AD

professor at Erfurt, and author of a grammati ADELUNG, John Christopher, a German cal and critical dictionary of the German language, and other works; he died 1806.

elevated to the papal throne 672, died four years ADEODATUS, or Godsgift, a Roman priest afterwards.

ADER, William, a learned physician of Tou. louse in the 17th century.

ADHAB-EDDOULAT, an emperor of Persia, humane, and a patron of letters; he dicd 982, after his uncle Amad-Eddoulat, was warlike, aged 47.

of the West Saxons, first bishop of Sherborne, ADHELME, William, nephew to Ina, king and said to be the first Englishman who wrote Latin, died 709.

wrote a book on illustrious ladies, died about ADHEMAR, William, a native of Provence, ADIMANTUS, a Manichæan sectary at the

as singular and matchless. On the 2d of ADELMAN, a bishop of Bresci in the 11th ugust, 1716, he married the countess Dowa-century, wrote a letter on the Eucharist to Be er of Warwick, whom he is said to have first renger, printed at Louvaine, 1561. He died 1662. known by becoming tutor to her son. This marriage, however, made no addition to his happi- tury, who mingled the doctrines of Plato with ADELPHUS, a philosopher of the third cenness; it neither found them nor made them the tenets of the Gnostics. equal. She always remembered her own rank, and thought herself entitled to treat with very little ceremony the tutor of her son. The year after, 1717, he rose to his highest elevation, being made secretary of state; but it is universally confessed that he was unequal to the duties of his place. In the house of commons he could not speak, and therefore was useless to the defence of the government. In the office he could not issue an order without losing his time in quest of fine expressions. gained in rank he lost in credit; and, finding by What he experience his own inability, was forced to solicit his dismission, with a pension of 15001. a year. His friends palliated this relinquishment, of which both friends and enemies knew the true reason, with an account of declining health, and the necessity of recess and quiet. He now engaged in a laudable and excellent work, viz. a defence of the Christian Religion; of which,||1190. part was published after his death. Addison had for some time been oppressed by shortness close of the 13th century, denied the authentiof breath, which was now aggravated by a drop-city of the Old Testament. sy; and, finding his danger pressing, he prepared to die conformably to his own precepts and born at Rimini in the 16th century. ADIMARI, Raphael, an Italian historian, professions. Lord Warwick was a young man of very irregular life, and perhaps of loose opin- for his poetical genius; died 1649. ADIMARI, Alexander, a Florentine, admired ions. Addison, for whom he did not want respect, had very diligently endeavoured to re-historian of the battles of Charles XII., killed, ADLERFELDT, Gustavus, a learned Swede, claim him; but his arguments and expostulations had no effect: one experiment, however, remained to be tried. When he found his life near its end, he directed the young lord to be called, and, when he desired with great tenderness to hear his last injunctions, told him," I have sent for you to see how a Christian can die." What effect this awful scene had on the earl's behaviour is not known: he died himself in a short time. Having given directions to Mr. Tickell for the publication of his works, and dedicated them, on his death bed, to his friend Mr. Craggs, Addison died June 17, 1719, at Holland House, leaving no child but a daughter, who died at Bilton, in Warwickshire, Feb. 1797. ADELAIDE, daughter of Rodolphus, king of Burgundy, married Lotharius II., king of Italy, crown of Denmark, after the death of ChristoADOLPHUS, duke of Sleswick, refused the and after his death the emperor Otho I.; shepher III., and crowned Christiern I. he died 1459. died 999, aged 69.

1709.

varia, in the 17th century, wrote annals of his ADLZREITTER, John, chancellor of Ba country.

ADO, vid. ADON.

and emperor of the Romans, died 1238. ADOLPHUS, count of Nassau, crowned king order of chivalry, 1380, since abolished. ADOLPHUS, count of Cleves, instituted an

and afterwards favoured the doctrines of LuADOLPHUS, bishop of Mersburg, opposed, ther, died 1526.

founded the academy of inscriptions and belles ADOLPHUS, Frederic II., king of Sweden, letters at Torneo, and died 1771.

ADELAIDE, wife of Frederic, prince of Saxo-who wrote a useful chronicle, died 875. ADON, archbishop of Vienne, in Dauphine, ny, conspired with Lewis against her husband's life, and married the murderer, 1055.

ADELAIDE, daughter of Humbert, count of Maurienne, was queen of Lewis VI. of France; she died 1154.

ADORNE, Francis, a Jesuit of a Genoese
died 1576.
family, who wrote on ecclesiastical discipline,

ADORNE, Antony, a Genoese, raised to the
dignity of Doge, 1383.

ADORNE, Gabriel, a Genoese, became Doge,

ADELAIDE, wife of Lewis II. of France, was mother of Charles III., surnamed the sim-1336; he was afterwards driven from power by ple, who was king 898.

ADELARD, an English monk, who, in the 12th century, visited Egypt and Arabia, and translated in Latin Euclid's Elements.

ADELBOLD, bishop of Utrecht, and author of the life of the emperor Henry II., died 1207. ADELER, Curtius, a native of Norway, served in the Dutch navy, was raised to the rank of admiral, spent the latter part of his life at Copenhagen, where he died 1675, aged 53.

ADELGREIFF, John Albretcht, natural son of a priest near Elbing, pretended to be the vicegerent of God on earth, was condemned to death at Konigsbergh for blasphemy, 1636.

10

a more successful rival.

1460, and died 1486.
ADORNE, Prosper, a Genoese, made Doge,

party of the Fregoses, in the age of Charles V..
ADORNE, Jerome, a Genoese, opposed the
after the death of her husband, devoted herself
ADORNI, Catharine Fieschi, a Genoese lady,
to acts of piety, and benevolence; she died 1510.
ADRETS, Francis Beaumont des, descen-
braced the cause of the Huguenots; he died 1587.
dant of an ancient family in Dauphine, em-
vice of Charles V., died 1560.
ADRIA, John James, a physician in the ser-

ADRIAN, or HÁDRIAN, Publius Ælius, the

that art down to this time. His book treats professedly of disorders incident to women. ÆGINHARD, a German, secretary to Charlemagne, died 840.

Roman emperor, born at Rome, Jan 24, in the year of Christ 76. He was a renowned general and a great traveller; and in a visit to Britain, built a famous wall, or rampart, extending from the mouth of the Tyne to the Solway Frith, 80 ELFRED, or ALFRED, the Great, youngest miles in length, to prevent the incursions of the son of Ethelwolf, king of the West Saxons, was Caledonians into the northern counties of Eng-born in the year 849, at Wannating, or Wanaland, then under the Roman government. Adri-ing, which is supposed to be Wantage, in an reigned 21 years, and died at Baiæ, in the 63d Berkshire. Alfred succeeded to the crown on year of his age.

ADRIAN, a Greek author, in the 5th century, wrote an introduction to the Scriptures.

the death of his brother Ethelred, in the year 371; but had scarcely time to attend the funeral of his brother, before he was obliged to fight for he crown he had so lately received. A con

ADRIAN, a learned Carthusian, author of a treatise called" de remediis utriusque fortunæ."siderable army of Danes, having landed in DorADRIAN I. a Roman patrician, raised to the pontificate in 1772, died 795.

setshire, marched as far as Wareham; here Elfred inct them with all the forces he could ADRIAN II., raised to the popcdom in 867, raise; but, not finding himself strong enough to he was artful and intriguing, and died 872. engage them, he concluded a peace, and the ADRIAN III., elected pope, 884, and died, 885. Danes swore never again to invade his domiADRIAN IV., Pope, the only Englishman that nions. In 877, however, having obtained new ever had the honour of sitting in the papal chair. aids, they came in such numbers into Wiltshire, His name was Nicolas Brekespere; he was born that the Saxons, giving themselves up to deat Langley, near St. Albans, in Hertfordshire, spair, would not make head against them; and, after many vicissitudes of fortune, suc-many fled out of the kingdom, not a few subceeded to the popedom in 1154. He died Sept.mitted, and the rest retired, every man to the 1, 1159, leaving some letters and homilies which place where he could be best concealed. In this are still extant. distress, Alfred, conceiving himself no longer ADRIAN V., a native of Genoa, made pope a king, laid aside all marks of royalty, and took 1276, and died 38 days after. shelter in the house of one who kept his cattle. ADRIAN VI., a native of Utrecht, was pre-He retired afterwards to the isle of Æthelingey, ceptor to emperor Charles V., elected pope 1522, in Somersetshire, where he built a fort for the and died 1523. security of himself, his family, and the few ADRIAN DE CASTELLO, born at Cornetto faithful servants who repaired thither to him. in Tuscany, employed as papal legate in Scot-When he had been about a year in this retreat, land and England, and made bishop of Here-having been informed that some of his subjects ford, then of Bath and Wells, and, conspiring had routed a great army of the Danes, killed against Pope Leo X., was stript of his ecclesias-their chiefs, and taken their magical standard, tical honours, 1518. he issued his letters, giving notice were he was,

ADRIANI, Joanni Batista, born of a patrician and inviting his nobility to come and consult family, at Florence, in 1511. He wrote a History with him. Before they came to a final deterof his own Times, in continuation of Guicciar-mination, Ælfred, putting on the habit of a dini, beginning at the year 1536, (a work exe-harper, went into the enemy's camp; where, cuted with great judgment, candour, and accu-without suspicion, he was every where adracy,) and died at Florence 1579. mitted, and had the honour to play before their ADRIANI, Marcellus, a native of Florence, princes. Having thus acquired an exact knowleft a written translation of Plutarch, &c.; he ledge of their situation, he returned in great died 1604. secrecy to his nobility, whom he ordered to their ADRICHOMIA, Cornelia, a nun in Holland respective homes, there to draw together each of the Augustine order, published a poetical ver-inan as great a force as he could; and upon a sion of the Psalms in the 16th century. day appointed there was to be a general rendezADRICHOMIUS, Christian, a native of Delft,vous at the great wood called Selwood, in Wiltdirector of the nuns of Barbara, died at Cologne 1585.

ADSON, an abbot of Luxeuil in 960, author of the miracles of St. Vandalbert.

ÆDESIUS succeeded Jamblichus, as teacher of Platonic philosophy in Cappadocia, in the 4th century.

EGEATES, John, a priest of the Nestorian sect, who flourished 483, and wrote a treatise against the council of Chalcedon.

shire. This affair was transacted so secretly and expeditiously, that in a little time the king, at the head of an army, approached the Danes before they had the least intelligence of his de sign. Ælfred, taking advantage of the surprise and terror they were in, fell upon them, and totally defeated them at Æthendune, now Eddington, in Wiltshire. Ælfred enjoyed a profound peace during the last three years of his reign, which he chiefly employed in establishing and regulating his government for the security of himself and his successors, as well as for the ease and benefit of his subjects in general. Although there remain but few laws which can be positively ascribed to Alfred, yet to him we owe many of those advantages which render our ÆGIDUIS de Colonna, professor of divinity at constitution so dear and valuable; particularly Paris, general of the Augustines, died 1316. the institution of the trial by jury. He is said by EGINETA, Paulus, a native of the island some to have founded the university of Oxford; Ægina, whence he has his name. According thus much, however, is certain, that Alfred reto Abulfaragius, he flourished in the 7th cen-stored and settled that university, endowed it tury. His surgical works are deservedly fa-with revenues, and placed there the most famous mous, and his knowledge of surgery was very professors. When Eifred came to the crown, great. In short, the surgery of Paulus has been learning was at a very low ebb in this kingdom; the subject matter of most of the treatises ofllbut, by his exainple and encouragement, he used

EGIDIUS, Peter Albiensis, a writer sent by Francis I. to give an account of the celebrated places of Asia, Greece, and Africa, died 1555. EGIDIUS, Atheniensis, a Grecian physician In the 8th century, became a Benedictine monk, and published several treatises.

his utmost endeavours to excite a love for letters ÆRTZEN, vid. ARSENS. among his subjects. He himself was a scholar; ARIUS, a presbyter of Sebastia, who is supand had he not been illustrious as a king, would posed by some to be the founder of the presbyhave been famous as an author When weterians, flourished about 385.

consider the qualifications of this prince, and ASCHINES, a Socratic philosopher, the son the many virtues he possessed, we need not of Charinus, a sausage-maker. Phrynicus, in wonder that he died universally lamented, after | Photius, ranks him among the best orators, and a reign of above 28 years, on the 28th of Octo-mentions his orations as the standard of the ber, A. D. 900. He was buried in the cathedral||pure Attic style.

of Winchester.

ÆSCHINES, a celebrated orator, cotempoÆLIAN, Claudius, born at Præneste, in Italy.rary with Demosthenes, and but just his infeHe taught rhetoric at Rome, under the emperor ||rior. Being overcome by Demosthenes, he Alexander Severus, and was surnamed Honey-went to Rhodes, and opened a school there, and mouth on account of the sweetness of his style. afterwards removed to Samos, where he died His most celebrated works are, his "Various at the age of 75. There are only three of his History," and that "Of Animals." orations extant; which, however, are so very ÆLIANUS, Meccius, a physician before Ga-beautiful, that Fabricius compares them to the len, first used treacle against the plague. three Graces. ELST, a Dutch painter, vid. AALST. ÆSCHYLUS, a tragic poet, born at Athens EMILIANI, Jerome, a Venetian, one of the in the 63d Olympiad. He was the son of Eu regular clerks of St. Maicul, in the 16th century.phorion, and brother to Cynegirus and Aminias, EMILIANUS, C. Julius, a Moor, from the who distinguished themselves in the battle of lowest station, rose to the imperial dignity, and Marathon, and the seafight of Salamin, at was succeeded by Valerian. which engagement Æschylus was likewise preÆMILIUS, Paulus, à Roman general, cele-sent. To Aminias our poet was, upon a parbrated for his victory over Perscus, king of Ma-ticular occasion, obliged for saving his life: cedonia, died B. C. 164. Elian relates, that Eschylus, being charged by ÆMILIUS, Paulus, a native of Verona, who the Athenians with certain blasphemous exwrote (or rather began to write) a Latin history||pre sions in some of his pieces, was accused of of the kings of France; but though he spent impiety, and condemned to be stoned to death; many years at it, he was not able to finish the they were just going to put the sentence in exetenth book, which was to include the beginning cution, when Aminias, with a happy presence of the reign of Charles VIII. He died 1529, and was buried in the cathedral at Paris.

of mind, throwing aside his cloak, showed his arm without a hand, which he had lost at the ENEAS, a Trojan prince, memorable for his battle of Salamin, in defence of his country. grateful care of his aged father Anchises, whom This sight made such an impression on the he bore through the flames of Troy upon his judges, that, touched with the remembrance of shoulders at the hazard of his own life, and that his valour, and the friendship he showed for his of his son, a child, who was obliged to cling to brother, they pardoned Eschylus. He wrote his garments to escape with them. He died great number of tragedies, of which there are 1197 B. C. Virgil has immortalized his name. but seven remaining; and, notwithstanding the ENEAS, Gazeus, or ÆNEAS of Gaza, a sharp censures of some critics, he must be al sophist by profession, was originally a Platonic lowed to have been the father of the tragic art. philosopher, but afterwards became a Christian, The names of his pieces now extant are, Proand flourished about the year 487. He wrote a metheus Bound; Seven Chiefs against Thebes; dialogue, entitled "Theophrastus," concerning The Persians; Ágamemnon; the Infernal Rethe immortality of the soul, and the resurrection|gions; the Furies; and the Suppliants. After of the body.

having lived some years at Gela, we are told that he died of a fracture of his skull, caused by an eagle's letting fall a tortoise on his head, in the 69th year of his age

ANEAS, Sylvius, or Pius II., born 1405, at Corsigny, in Sienna, where his father lived in exile. This pope was famous for his wise and witty sayings, some of which are as follow: ESOP, the Phrygian, lived in the time of SoThat common men should esteem learning as lon, about the 50th Olympiad, under the reign silver, noblemen prize it as gold, and princes as of Croesus, the last king of Lydia. St. Jerome, jewels: A citizen should look upon his family speaking of him, says, he was unfortunate in as subject to the city, the city to his country, the his birth, condition, and death; hinting thereby country to the world, and the world to God: at his deformity, servile state, and tragical end. That the chief place with kings was slippery:His great genius, however, enabled him to supThat the tongue of a sycophant was a king's port his misfortunes; and, in order to alleviate greatest plague: That a prince who would trust the hardships of servitude, he composed those nobody was good for nothing; and he who be-entertaining and instructive fables which have lieved every body, no better: That those who acquired him so much reputation; and he s went to law were the birds, the court the field,generally supposed to have been the inventor of the judge the net, and the lawyers the fowlers that kind of writing. Having had several masThat men ought to be presented to dignities, not|ters, for he was born a slave, Æsop at length dignities to men: That a covetous man never came under a philosopher named Xanthus; and pleases any body but by his death: That it was it was in his service that he first displayed a slavish vice to tell lies. That lust sullies and stains every age of man, but quite extinguishes old age.

ANEAS, Tacticus, author of a Greek treatise on the art of war, flourished 336 B. C.

EPINUS, Francis Marie Ulric Theodore, a German physician, distinguished by his electri cal experiments and observations on natural philosophy, died 1802.

his genius for fabling and moralizing. He was afterwards sold to Idmon, or Iadmon, the phi losopher, who enfranchised him. After he had received his liberty, he soon acquired a great reputation among the Greeks; so that, according to Meziriack, the report of his wisdom having reached Croesus, this king sent to inquire after him, and engaged him in his service. He tralivelled through Greece, according to the same

author; but whether for his own pleasure, or born at Toston, in Derbyshire, 1540, and died 22₫ upon the affairs of Cræsus, is uncertain. Pass-August, 1615.

AGATHEMÍR, Orthonis, wrote a Greek con

AGATHIAS, a Greek historian, who lived in the 6th century, and wrote a history of Justinian's reign, in five books.

AGATHOCLES, a Sicilian, rose from the obscurity of a potter to the sovereign power of all Sicily, died 289 B. C.

ing by Athens soon after Pisistratus had usurped AGATHARCIDAS, a Cnidian, 180 B. C., authe sovereign power, and finding that the Athe-thor of a Greek History of Alexander's wars. niaus bore the yoke very impatiently, he told AGATHARCUS, a Samian, engaged by Æsthen the fable of the frogs who petitioned Jupi- chylus as a stage painter. ter for a king. Some relate, that, in order to show that the life of man is full of miseries,pendium of Geography, edited 1703. Æsop used to say, that when Prometheus took the clay to form man, he tempered it with tears, Æsop was put to death at Delphos. Plutarch tells us, that he came there with a great quantity of gold and silver, being ordered by Croesus to offer a sacrifice to Apollo, and to give a considerable sum to each inhabitant; but a quarrel arising between him and the Delphians, he sent back the sacrifice and the money to Croesus; for he thought that those for whom the prince designed it had rendered themselves unworthy of it. The inhabitants of Delphos contrived an accusation of sacrilege against him, and, pretending that they had convicted him, threw him headlong from a rock. They afterwards en-fused to crown Harold king, died 1038. deavoured to make an atonement by raising a pyramid to his honour.

AGATHON, a tragic poet, crowned at the Olympic games 419 B. C.

AGATHON, a native of Palermo, elected to the papal chair 679, died 682.

AGELIAS, Anthony, bishop of Acerno, in Italy, published commentaries on the Psalms, &c., died 1608.

AGELNOTH, archbishop of Canterbury, re

AGESILAUS, king of Sparta, celebrated for his victories against the Persians, died 362 B. C. AGGAS, Robert, called Augus, a landscape painter, died in London, 1679.

AGILA, king of the Visigoths in Spain, murdered in the 5th year of his reign, 554.

AGILULF, duke of Turin, appointed king on

616; he was succeeded by his son Adalnaid.

ESOP, Clodius, a celebrated actor, who flourished about the 670th year of Rome. He and Roscius were cotemporaries, and the best performers that ever appeared upon the Roman stage; the former excelling in tragedy, the latter in comedy. Cicero put himself under their di-the death of Antharic, king of Lombardy, died rection to perfect his action. Esop lived in a most expensive manner; and at one entertain- AGIS, the name of some Spartan kings. The ment is said to have had a dish which cost above most famous is the second of that name, en8301. This dish, we are told, was filled with gaged in the Peloponnesian war, and died 427 singing and speaking birds; some of which cost B. C.; and the fourth, in conseqence of his atnear 501. Æsop's son was no less luxurious tempts to restore Lacedæmon to her ancient disthan his father, for he dissolved pearls for hiscipline and independence, put to death 241 B. C. guests to swallow.-Notwithstanding his expenses, however, this actor is said to have died worth above 160,000l.

ÆTHRIUS, an architect in the 6th century, raised to the confidence of Anastasius I. ETION, a Grecian painter of celebrity. ÆTIUS, an able general under Valentinian III., killed 454.

ÆTIUS, a Syrian servant, made bishop by Eudoxus, the patriarch of Constantinople, and founder of the sect of Etians, flourished 336.

AGLIONBY, John, D. D., a native of Cum|berland, known for his great learning, was chaplain to James I., and died 1610. His son, of the same name, was dean of Canterbury, died 1643.

AGNELLUS, an abbot of Ravenna in the 9th century, often confounded with a bishop of the same name in the 6th century.

AGNESI, Maria Gaetana, a learned Italian lady, born at Milan, made, on account of her great merit, mathematical professor in the university of Bologna, died 1770.

AGOBARD, archbishop of Lyons, supported the revolt of Lothaire against Lewis the de

ÆTIUS, an ancient physician, and the first Christian medical writer, born at Amida, a town of Mesopotamia, about 455. His "Tetra-bonnaire; he died 840. biblos," as it is called, is a collection from the writings of those physicians who went before him, chiefly from Galen; but contains, nevertheless, some new things, for which we are en-in 1198. tirely indebted to this author.

AFER, Domitius, an orator, born at Nismes, afterwards raised to the consulship; died 59. AFFLITTO, Matthew, an able civilian, born at Naples, died 1553.

AFRANIUS, a Roman comic poet, flourished 100 B. C.

AGOSTINO, Paolo, a musical composer, master of the Papal chapel at Rome, died 1629. AGOULT, Guillaume d', a poet of Provence

AGREDA, Maryd', superior of a convent at Agreda, in Spain, wrote a life of the Virgin Mary; he died 1665.

AGRESTI, Licio, a historical painter, employed by Gregory XIII. in adorning the Vatican, died 1580.

AGRESTIS, Julius, a Roman general under

AFRICANUS, Julius, wrote a chronicle, be-Vespasian, destroyed himself. sides a letter to Origen, &c.

AGAPETIUS I. was made pope 535, and died at Constantinople 535. The second of that name was elected pope 946, and died 965.

AGRICOLA, a celebrated Roman general, born 37, died 93.

AGRÍCOLA, Rodolphus, a native of Groningen, travelled into France and Italy; he first introduced the study of the Greek in Germany,

AGAPETUS, a deacon of Constantinople, who wrote a valuable letter to the emperor Jus-and died 1485. tinian, on the duties of a Christian prince.

AGAPIUS, a Greek monk of Mount Athos, in the 17th century, wrote a treatise in favour of transubstantiation, called the salvation of sinners.

AGARD, Arthur, a learned English antiquary,

AGRICOLA, George, a physician of Glaucen, in Misnia, known for his learning, and works on minerals, died 1555.

AGRICOLA, Michael, a minister of Abo, in Finland, first translated the New Tes. ainent into the language of the country. 13