thoughts (see Matt. v. 28), and whatever tends to any of these things:-books, idleness, improba Siren desidia.-All excess in eating and drinking, and whatever tends to pamper the flesh, and to prevent its being "subdued to the Spirit."

2. Uncharitableness. Gal. v. 20, 21. ("Hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies, envyings, murders.") Col. iii. 8. (“Anger, wrath, malice.") James iv. 5. ("Envy.”)

All unkindness and unbrotherly conduct in deed and word (see Matt. v. 22).—All insubordination and disrespect to lawful authorities. 1 Pet. ii. 11. 13. σαρκικαὶ ἐπιθυμίαι.

See Mark ix. 43. 47. Offences of the eye and of the hand.

IX. What other word is used in the latter part of the Catechism to express this first main portion of the Baptismal vow, or Renuntiation?

X. Why is Repentance required of persons to be Confirmed?

XI. Why do you think you are "bound to do" what your Godfathers and Godmothers promised for you? 1. Because otherwise I should forfeit my claim to the privileges which I received in my Baptism upon this condition.

2. Because Christ, my ever-blessed Saviour, died to procure these privileges for me.

3. Because it is the will of God who made me, and

who, knowing what is best for me, like a loving Father, bids me do this for my good. (See Mark xvi. 16. Luke xiii. 5. Col. iii. 6.)

4. Because I am bound in natural affection to do the
will and adopt the act of my earthly Parents,
when it is not inconsistent with the will of God.
5. Because I cannot be happy without holiness,
either in this world or in the next.

6. Because, being wicked, I must be miserable, both
here and hereafter.

XII. What reasons have you to be thankful that you are called to do these things now, i. e. from your earliest years, as soon as you are capable of discerning right and wrong, and so have become responsible in the sight of God for what you do?

1. Because life is uncertain, and delay, therefore, dangerous.

2. Because the difficulties, however great now, will become greater by delay.

3. Because the remorse of sin will be afterwards the more painful the longer I continue in it without repentance.

4. Because, if I continue in sin, the Holy Spirit, by whose aid alone I can ever hope to repent, will be offended within me, and grieved, and ultimately quenched (Eph. iv. 30. 1 Thess. v. 19. Heb. x. 29); and then God will not listen to my prayer (Is. lv. 6. Prov. i. 26), but harden my

heart.

5. Because the Tempter will not leave me, but gain boldness and strength in his attacks, if I do not resist him at first. (See Matt. iv. 11. James iv. 7.)

6. Because on my doing this, more abundant gifts of the Spirit are promised me, now that I most want them, to confirm my good resolutions.

7. Because perfect Repentance (μETávola) is the work
not of a short season, but of a whole life.
8. Because Faith in the promises of God is, at all
times, the greatest comfort in the difficulties of
life, and the only true consolation under its fre-
quent losses and disappointments.

9. Because a consistent life of obedience has the pro-
mise of a greater and more glorious reward,
through all eternity. See 2 Cor. ix. 6. Luke
xix. 16, 17. John xiv. 2. Comp. Luke xii. 47,
48. Matt. x. 15. xi. 42. 22

CHAPTER IV.

OF BELIEVING-IN GOD.

I. WHAT is the second head, or main portion, of the vow you are preparing to CONFIRM ?

II. Where are these Articles of the Christian Faith to be found?

The Apostles' Creed. How many Articles?

The Nicene Creed. A.D. 325. 381. 411.

St. Athanasius' Creed. A.D. circ. 430.

Give the origin of the name, and explain the necessity and the value of each of these Creeds.

III. Is there any difference in the mode of expressing our belief with respect to these different Articles? What is implied in this difference?

See Nicene Creed. "I believe in one God," &c. "I believe one Catholic and Apostolic Church. I acknowledge one baptism," &c.

TLOTEUW, credo, I believe, with the understanding, i. e. as an act of mental assent. TOTEUw eis, or Tì, credo in, fidem habeo, I believe and trust, with the understanding and the heart (Rom. x. 10); i.e. I have faith in, rely upon, look up to-with feelings of dependence, submission, obedience, reverence, affection', love. Compare in John iii. 36. ὁ πιστεύων—ὁ ἀπειθῶν. Matt. xxiii. (πίστις) with Luke xi. 42. (ayάπη тоυ →ɛοũ); and Luke vii. 47. (ὅτι ἠγάπησε πολύ) with v. 50. (ἡ πίστις σου).

Examples of TOTOί;-Abraham, Rom. iv. 922. Gal. iii. 6–9. Syrophoenician woman, xv. Matth. 21-28. Centurion, Matt. viii. 5-10.-Of oλyóπOTO ;-the Disciples in the storm, Matt. viii. 26. St. Peter on the water, Matt. xiv. 31. The Disciples after the miracle of feeding four thousand, Matt. xvi. 8; see also Matt. vi. 30.— Of aπIOTOL ;-St. Thomas, John xx. 27. People of Nazareth, Matt. xiii. 58. The Jews, Matt. xii. 39. xvi. 4. (yeveà μoixaλíç); see also Matt. xvii. 17. 20.

IV. Divide the Apostles' Creed into two parts, according to this difference of expression; and show how many Articles fall under each part.

P.

"Quid est ergo credere in Deum? Credendo amare, credendo diligere, credendo in eum ire, et ejus membris incorporari." S. Augustin in Johan. Tractat. xxix. § 6. vol. iii. p. 2008. On the distinction stated above, see The Institution of a Christian Man, in Formularies of Faith, p. 29. Life of Lord Cobham, in Ecc. Biog., vol. i. p. 377. Becon's New Catechism, 41. Bp. Jewel, Defence of Apol., p. 74. Bp. Bull's Examen Censuræ, vol. iv. p. 157. Bp. Ken's Practice of Divine Love, Prose Works, p. 225, compared with Bp. Pearson on the Creed, p. 25, note, and p. 501, note, Lond. edit. 1832. Barrow, Serm. of Justifying Faith, vol. iv. p. 329. There can be little doubt that the distinction has been all along purposely maintained by the Western Church. See Palmer, Orig. Liturg., vol. ii. p. 57, note.

1. I believe in God, &c. Eight Articles.

2. I believe the Church, &c. Four Articles.

V. What do you chiefly learn in the former part of the Creed, which is to be believed with the understanding and the heart.

༣.

2.

3.

VI. Do not the Nicene Creed and the Creed of St. Athanasius, as well as the first Commandment, teach you to believe in these Three as One God; and that they are co-eternal together and co-equal?

VII. By what passages of Holy Scripture is the same doctrine (i. e. the doctrine of the Trinity-Three Persons and One God) most clearly proved?

1. Form of Baptism. Matt. xxviii. 19. 2. Form of Blessing. 2 Cor. xiii. 14. See also Eph. ii. 18. Jude

21. Gal. iv. 6.

VIII. On what accounts more particularly do you believe in God the Father?

1. Because He is "Almighty," and the "Maker of
all things visible and invisible."

2. Because He made me, as one of his Creatures.
3. Because He sent his well-beloved and only-begotten

Son into the world to save me from the punish-
ment due to my own sins, and to the sins which I
inherited from our first parents.

4. Because, being reconciled to the world in Christ, He adopted me as a Son in my Baptism.

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