viction for criminal offences, or upon due proof of seditious attempts to disturb the peace and tranquillity of our government, to be deprived of suspended by you, with the advice and consent of a majority of our said council.

"

Eighthly. That such ecclesiastics as may think fil to enter into the holy state of matrimony, shall be released from all penalties, to which they may have been subjected in such cases by any authority of the see of Rome.

"Ninthly. That freedom of burial of the dead in churches and churchyards be allowed indiscriminately to every Christian persuasion.

"Tenthly. That the royal family be prayed for in all churches and places of holy worship, in such manner and form as are used in this kingdom, and that our arms and insignia be put up, not only in all such churches and places of holy worship, but also in all courts of justice; and that the arms of France be taken down in every such church or court where they may at present remain.

"

Eleventhly. That the society of Romish priests, called the seminaries of Quebec and Montreal, shall continue to possess and occupy their houses of residence, and all other houses and lands, to which they were lawfully entitled on the 13th of September 1759; and it shall be lawful for those societies to fill up vacancies, and admit new members, according to the rules of their foundations, and to educate youth, in order to qualify them for the service of parochial cures, as they shall become vacant: it is nevertheless our will and pleasure, that not only these seminaries, but all other religious communities, so long as the same shall continue, be subject to visitation by you our governor, or such other person or persons as you shall appoint for that purpose; and also subject to such rules and regulations as you shall with the advice and consent of our council think fit to establish and appoint.

Twelfthly. It is our will and pleasure, that all other religious seminaries and communities (that of the Jesuits only excepted) do for the preBent, and until we can be more fully informed of the true state of them, and how far they are or are not essential to the free exercise of the religion of the church of Rome, as allowed within our said province, remain upon their present establishment; but you are not to allow the admission of any new members into any of the said societies or communities, the religious communities of women only excepted, without our express orders for that purpose. That the society of Jesuits be suppressed, and dissolved, and no longer continued as a body corporate and politic, and all their rights, possessions, and property shall be vested in us, for such purposes as we may hereafter think fit to direct or appoint; but we think

fit to declare our royal intention to be, that the present members of the said society, as established at Quebec, shall be allowed sufficient stipends and provisions during their natural lives. That all missionaries amongst the Indians, whether established under the authority of, or appointed by the Jesuits, or by any other ecclesiastical authority of the Romish church, be withdrawn by degrees, and at such times and in such manner as shalt be satisfactory to the said Indians, and consistent with the public safety, and Protestant missionaries appointed in their places. That all ecclesiastical persons whatsoever of the church of Rome be inhibited upon pain of deprivation, from influencing any person in the making a will, from inveigling Protestants to become Papists, or from tampering with them in matter of religion; and that the Romish priests be forbid to inveigh in their sermons against the religion of the church of England, or to marry, baptize, or visit the sick, or bury any of our Protestant subjects, if a Protestant minister be upon the spot."

Part of the 56th Paragraph.

"To an allowance to the person licensed to superintend the Romish church, £200."

B.

(2)- Extract of a Letter from the Earl of Egremont to Governor Murray, dated Whitehall, 13th August 1763.

Though the King has, in the fourth article of the definitive treaty, agreed to grant the "liberty of the Catholic religion to the inhabitants of Canada;" and though his Majesty is far from entertaining the most dis tant thoughts of restraining "his new Roman Catholic subjects from professing the worship of their religion according to the rites of the Romish church;" yet the condition expressed in the same article must always be remembered, viz. “as far as the laws of Great Britain permit a' which laws prohibit absolutely all Popish hierarchy in any of the dominions belonging to the crown of Great Britain, and can only admit of a toleration of the exercise of that religion. This matter was clearly understood in the negociation of the definitive treaty. The French ministers proposed to insert the words comme ci-devant, in order, that the Romish religion should continue to be exercised in the same manner as under their government; and they did not give up the point till they were plainly told that it would be deceiving them to admit those words, for the King had not the power to tolerate that religion in any other manner than "as far as the laws of Great Britain permit." These laws must be your guide in any disputes that may arise on this subject; but at the same time that I point out to you the necessity of adhering to them, and of attend-

ing with the utmost vigilance to the behaviour of the priests, the King relies on your acting with all proper caution and prudence in regard to a matter of so delicate a nature as this of religion; and that you will, as far as you can consistently with your duty in the execution of the laws and with the safety of the country, avoid every thing that can give the least unnecessary alarm or disgust to his Majesty's new subjects."

C.

(1)-Extract of a Memorial of the Dean and Chapter of Quebec, dated

“ A Quebec il y a un évêché en titre, un chapitre et un séminaire : c'étoit le Roi de France qui nommoit l'évêque; on pourroit entretenir dorénavant un vicaire apostolique, ou évêque in partibus, mais cet évêque soumis à une puissance étrangère, et toujours dépendant d'elle pour l'exercice de sa charge, pourroit encore être suspect, et à causer quelque inquiétude; on en fait aussi le sacrifice, et l'on propose de faire élire l'évêque par le chapitre, comme c'étoit autrefois la coutume universelle, et comme ce l'est encore dans plusieurs diocèses."

D.

(3)-Extract of a Letter from Governor Murray to the Earl of Shelburne, First Lord Commissioner of Trade; 14 Sept. 1763.

"On this errand the vicar general of Montreal, Monsieur Montgolfier, gets out very shortly for Britain. What his schemes are I do not thoroughly understand, as he has never communicated them to me; that he aims at the mitre is certainly very probable; how unfit he is for that station, your Lordship may easily judge by the enclosed copy of a letter he had the assurance to write to a Monsieur Houdin, at that time chaplain to his Majesty's 48th regiment, formerly a recollet in this country. He pushed matters so far as to have the dead bodies of some soldiers taken up, because heretics should not be interred in consecrated ground. Such behaviour could not fail of giving great disgust to the King's British subjects in these parts. If so haughty and imperious a priest, well related in France, is placed at the head of the church in this country, he may hereafter occasion much mischief, if ever he finds a proper opportunity to display his rancour and malice.

"I must here take the liberty to repeat what I had the honour to inform your Lordship of in my former one of the 22d July, that Monsieur Bryant, vicar general of this government, has constantly acted with a candour, moderation, and disinterestedness, which bespeak him a worthy VOL. III. [Prot. Adv. Jun. 1815.]

.

honest man, and that I know none of his gown in the province so justly deserving of the royal favour."

E.

(8)-Extract of a Letter from Lieutenant Governor Cramahé to the Earl of Hillsborough, dated Quebec, 25 July 1772.

"The Canadian clergy are strongly interested to prevent any change; they begin to see it; and it appears more than ever necessary, as much as possible, to encourage this disposition: it was in this view, that the Bishop having lately obtained the requisite powers for consecrating the coadjutor, whom Governor Carlton had pitched upon, I agreed to his performing that ceremony, but in a private way, because it was not the act of government and to avoid giving a handle to busy and troublesome people. It is to be hoped that this event, as well as Mr. Lanaudiere's preferment, will be attended with very salutary effects for the King's interests in this province."

(9)-Extract of a Letter from Lord Dartmouth to Lieutenant Governor Cramahé; dated Whitehall, 2d September 1772.

"Your having permitted the person styling himself Bishop of Quebec to consecrate a coadjutor, in consequence of powers which you say he had received for that purpose, and which, I presume, must therefore mean from some foreign ecclesiastical authority, appears to me to be a matter of the highest importance, and the more so as I do not find, upon the fullest examination, that any authority whatever has at any time been given by his Majesty for the exercise, within the colony, of any powers of episcopacy in matters relative to the religion of the church of Rome.

"In this view therefore of that measure, it seems to me of a nature that will require the most serious consideration; and as every thing that concerns the state of Quebec, with regard as well to its civil as to its ecclesiastical constitution, is now in deliberation at the Privy Council, I shall accordingly receive his Majesty's commands to lay before that Board such parts of your secret dispatch of the 25th July as relate to that proceeding."

(10)-Extract of a Letter from Lord Dartmouth to Lieutenant Governor Cramahé; dated Whitehall, 9 Dec. 1772.

"Since my letter to you of the 4th ult. I have not failed to give the fullest consideration to what you mentioned in your secret dispatch of

25th July last, with regard to the appointment, with your approbation, of a person under the name of coadjutor, to assist in the performance of episcopal functions in the Romish church in Quebec.

"I have already acquainted you that the state of the colony, in whatever regards its civil constitution, and the arrangements which have hitherto been made, or may be further necessary, is now before the Privy Council, who will, I doubt not, very shortly submit to his Majesty their advice and opinion thereupon; and more especially with regard to what concerns the toleration of the religion of the church of Rome, and the establishments incident thereto. In this situation, therefore, it would ill become me, unacquainted as I am with any of the regulations which have been made or indulgences allowed, respecting this important matter, to give any countenance or encouragement to establishments or arrangements, of what nature soever, concerning the religion of the Romish church in Quebec; much less can I warrant the exercise of any episcopal powers in that colony, which I do not find, upon the fullest enquiry, have at any time been authorized by instructions from his Majesty.

"At the same time I do not take upon me, as I stand at present uninformed upon the subject, to say that the admission of some episcopal authority, under proper restrictions, may not be necessary to that toleration of the religion of the church of Rome, which the King, reserving to himself his royal supremacy, has been graciously pleased to allow.That is a question that must remain for the consideration of the Privy Council, whose determination, as well on this as on every other arrangement respecting the state of ecclesiastical affairs in Quebec, will in a great measure depend upon such informations as have been and still may be received from the servants of the crown in the colony, and such lights as can be collected from those who have been in chief command there. And I should do injustice both to their merit and to yours, if I did not add, that it appears to me that whatever indulgencies have been allowed to the Canadian subjects, they have been granted to them with no other view than to conciliate their affections, and to create that attachment to and dependance on the British government, upon which the safety and prosperity of the colony depend."

(11)—Extract of a Letter from Lieutenant Governor Cramahé to the Earl of Dartmouth; dated Quebec, 22d June 1773.

"It has ever been my opinion, I own, that the only sure and effectual method of gaining the affections of his Majesty's Canadian subjects to his royal person and government, was, to grant them all possible freedom and indulgence in the exercise of their religion, to which they are ex