would seem to have been influenced by the clamour of the mob, and, in the second place, because he was too infirm to sustain the weight of the Papacy; then, turning towards the Florentine Cardinal, he said, "You are of Florence, a city at war with the Holy See. Therefore we will not elect you. His Eminence of Milan is from a country that was always opposed to the Church. The Cardinal Orsini is, again, a Roman, a partisan, and too young for the Papacy. Therefore we will elect none of these." (These were the only four Italians in the Sacred College. It only remained, therefore, to find a Pope outside the College, or to elect one from one or other of the two hostile factions of Frenchmen, a course which the hostility of either party was sufficient to render impossible.) Having thus spoken, continues the conclavist, "Cardinalis ipse Lemovicensis,"* in the presence and hearing of all the other cardinals, and before them all, chose as Roman Pontiff Monsignore Bartolommeo, Archbishop of Bari, using words to the following effect, "I purely and freely elect and assume to be Pope Monsignore Bartolommeo, Archbishop of Bari." And on that same spot, without any interval of time,† all the other cardinals acting and constituting a part much larger than the two-thirds of the number of cardinals in Conclave, freely elected similarly the said Archbishop of Bari to be the Roman Pontiff. ‡ The Florentine

It is not clear which of the cardinals from Limoges is intended. But it is of no importance.

† It is evident from this and many other of the points insisted on in the narrative, that it was composed in view of the schismatic election of an Antipope, to which the proceeding of this Conclave gave rise.

He says all the other cardinals, and thus in fact contradicts himself. But I have accurately translated his words, and his meaning is clear.

Cardinal seeing that there was a majority of more than the requisite two-thirds for the Archbishop of Bari, joined his vote to theirs, and "so the election was celebrated."

The Conclave having remained duly closed all this time, and the election thus canonically* made, their eminences began to have misgivings as to what they had done so bravely, and began to question among themselves whether it were expedient to proclaim the said election forthwith to the people. "And at length they came to a conclusion to put off this publication till the time of dinner had passed, and they should have dined; the object of which was that, inasmuch as the dignitary elected was not then in the palace where the Conclave was held, there was reason to fear that if the election were then proclaimed before he had had time to come to the cardinals in the palace, something unpleasantaliqua sinistra―might happen to the said prelate by the way, inasmuch as he was not a Roman, which the populace were bent on having." Another reason, adds the conclavist, was that their eminences were anxious to get their silver plate and other valuables that they had with them in the Conclave, carried to their houses, or to some other place of safety, which they feared they might not be able to accomplish after the election had been declared.

So, "ne aliquis posset suspicari vel præsumere, ipsum esse electum," they sent for several prelates, known to

Except in so far as it was vitiated by the simoniacal proceedings preceding the Conclave, as before observed, which nobody seems to have thought anything about.

be then in Rome, desiring them to come and confer respecting certain arduous affairs of the Church. The conclavist names five thus sent for besides the Archbishop of Bari. They all came, and the cardinals gave them a dinner, not inside the Conclave where they were dining themselves, but in the palace. After dinner, the Conclave being still closed, and all semblance of pressure from without having ceased, they again, for greater security, safety, and precaution—" concorditer ac unanimiter "* elected Bartolommeo, Archbishop of Bari, to

be Pope.

When that had been done, a rumour got out-“ cepit exire et dici "—that the Pope had been elected. But nobody could say on whom the election had fallen. Thereat the people began to be clamorous, and going to the Bishop of Marseilles, who had been appointed keeper of the Conclave, insisted that it should be told to them who the Pope was. The Bishop answered that he would go to St. Peter's and ascertain, and that the result of the election should then be published. But some of the people misunderstanding him, thought that he said he would go to the house of the Cardinal "de Sancti Petri " (Orsini), and concluded at once that he had been elected. Whereupon the populace rushed off to that cardinal's dwelling, and to show their joy at having a Roman for Pope, plundered the house according to custom. When, however, the hours went on and no proclamation of the election was made, an idea began to gain ground that the

I presume that he means that those who had before done so unanimously repeated the election. It is not likely that the others who had refused before dinner to concur in the election should have now agreed to it. The sequel of the history makes this very improbable.

people had been deceived, and the notion was confirmed by some who had observed some of the plate of the cardinals being carried away out of the Conclave, whereupon a portion of the populace made an irruption into the Conclave, intending to insist on the cardinals remaining where they were until an election should have been made.

The French cardinals, seeing the people rushing into the Conclave," were exceedingly frightened because they had not elected a Roman Pope;" and forgetting not only the bravery with which they had declared that they would elect without regard to the clamour of the people, but also all that care for the welfare of their own souls which had induced them to reject the proposal of Cardinal Orsini, they induced that Cardinal to permit himself to be clothed with the insignia of the Pope, "ad placandum populum." And the people, believing him to be the Pope, adored him as such; so that, to use the expressions of the Limoges cardinal who had spoken so bravely when the walls of the palace were between him and the populace, "the people" were "made idolaters," and the souls of the cardinals acting the fraud were "damned," as his Eminence had said.

While these things were being done in a tumultuous manner, all the cardinals got away out of the Conclave and reached their own houses in safety, except the real Pope, who had hidden himself in the palace, and the mock Pope, Orsini, who was receiving the salutations of the people. When, however, this had been going on for some little time, Cardinal Orsini, beginning to feel

uncomfortable in his strange position, cried out,* “I am not the Pope, and I don't want to be an Antipope. A better man than I has been chosen Pope-the Archbishop of Bari."

Meantime most of the cardinals had become so much alarmed at the aspect of things that they thought they could not venture to remain in their own houses. A few, three or four, did so in perfect safety; of the others, some hid themselves in the city, some escaped to strong places out of the city, and some took refuge in the Castle of St. Angelo. The conclavist gives the names of all those who adopted each of these courses. That same evening those who were in Castle St. Angelo wrote to the elected Pope recommending him, inasmuch as he was not a Roman, to escape to some safe place; but the new Pope, on receiving this message, consulted Cardinal Orsini, who alone had remained in the palace, as to the course he should adopt. Orsini told him that he was well and truly made Pope, and that nothing could hurt him if he remained where he was. He accordingly did pass that night in the palace, and on the morrow it was, "by the counsel and will of" the Cardinal Orsini, announced to the official personages of the city that the Archbishop of Bari had been elected Pope. Whereupon they, the official personages, were much astonished, but were highly contented, and wished to approach the Pope, and did go to him for the rendering to him that reverence which is usually shown to the Popes. But he, the new Pope, was unwilling that such reverence should be shown him by the said officials, or by anybody else, "Hæc verba protulit in effectu," says the Conclavist.

*