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IZAAK WALTON

THE MARRIAGE OF RICHARD HOOKER

RETURN to Mr Hooker in his College, where he continued his studies with all quietness, for the space of three years; about which time he entered into Sacred Orders, being then made Deacon and Priest, and, not long after, was appointed to preach at St Paul's Cross. In order to which Sermon, to London he came, and immediately to the Shunamites House; (which is a House so called, for that, besides the stipend paid the preacher, there is provision made also for his lodging and diet for two days before, and one day after his sermon). This house was then kept by John Churchman, some time a draper of good note in Watling Street, upon whom poverty had at last come like an armed man, and brought him into a necessitous condition; which, though it be a punishment, is not always an argument of God's disfavour, for he was a vertuous man. I shall not yet give the like testimony of his wife, but leave the reader to judge by what follows. But to this house Mr Hooker came so wet, so weary, and weather-beaten, that he was never known to express more passion, than against a friend that dissuaded him from footing it to London, and for finding him no easier an horse; supposing the horse trotted, when he did not; and at this time also, such a faintness and fear possessed him, that he would not be persuaded two days rest and quietness, or any other means could be used to make him able to preach his Sunday's sermon; but a warm bed, and rest and drink proper for a cold given him by this Churchman, and her diligent attendance added unto it, enabled him to perform the office of the day, which was in or about the year 1581.

And in this first public appearance to the world, he was not so happy as to be free from exceptions against a point of doctrine delivered in his sermon; which was, that in

God there were two wills, an antecedent and a consequent will his first will, that all mankind should be saved; but his second will was, that those only should be saved, that did live answerable to that degree of grace which He had offered or afforded them. This seemed to cross a late opinion of the Calvins, and then taken for granted by many that had not a capacity to examine it, as it had been by him before, and hath been since by Master Henry Mason, Dr Jackson, Dr Hammond, and others of great learning, who believed that a contrary opinion intrenches upon the honour and justice of our merciful God. How he justified this, I will not undertake to declare: but it was not excepted against (as Mr Hooker declares in his rational answer to Mr Travers) by John Elmes, then Bishop of London, at this time one of his auditors and at last one of his advocates, too, when Mr Hooker was accused for it. But the justifying of this doctrine did not prove of so bad consequence, as the kindness of Mrs Churchman's curing him of his late distemper and cold; for that was so gratefully apprehended by Mr Hooker, that he thought himself bound in conscience to believe all that she said: so that the good man came to be persuaded by her, that he was a man of a tender constitution; and that it was best for him to have a wife, that might prove a nurse to him; such an one as might both prolong his life, and make it more comfortable; and such a one as she could and would provide for him, if he thought fit to marry. And he, not considering that the children of this world are wiser in their generation than the children of light; but, like a true Nathaniel, fearing no guile, because he meant none, did give her such a power as Eleazar was trusted with (you may read it in the Book of Genesis) when he was sent to choose a wife for Isaac: for even so he trusted her to choose for him, promising upon a fair summons to return to London, and accept of her choice; and he did so in that, or about the year following. Now, the wife provided for him was her daughter Joan, who brought him neither beauty nor portion: and for her conditions, they

were too like that wife's, which is by Solomon compared to a dripping house so that the good man had no reason to rejoice in the wife of his youth; but too just cause to say with the Holy Prophet, Woe is me, that I am constrained to have my habitation in the tents of Kedar. This choice of Mr Hookers (if it were his choice) may be wondered at: but let us consider that the Prophet Ezekiel says, There is a wheel within a wheel; a secret, sacred wheel of Providence (most visible in marriages) guided by his hand, that allows not the race to the swift, nor bread to the wise, nor good wives to good men and He that can bring good out of evil, (for mortals are blind to this reason) only knows why this blessing was denied to patient Job, to meek Moses, and to our as meek and patient Mr Hooker. But so it was; and let the reader cease to wonder, for affliction is a divine diet; which though it be not pleasing to mankind, yet Almighty God hath often, very often, imposed it as good, though bitter physic to those children whose souls are dearest to him. And by this marriage the good man was drawn from the tranquillity of his college: from that garden of piety, of pleasure, of peace, and a sweet conversation, into the thorny wilderness of a busy world; into those corroding cares that attend a married priest, and a country parsonage; which was Drayton-Beauchamp in Buckinghamshire, not far from Aylesbury, and in the Diocese of Lincoln; to which he was presented by John Cheney, Esquire, then patron of it, the 9th of December, 1584, where he behaved himself so as to give no occasion of evil, but, (as St Paul adviseth a minister of God) in much patience, in affliction, in anguishes, in necessities, in poverty and no doubt in longsuffering; yet troubling no man with his discontents and wants. And in this condition he continued about a year; in which time his two pupils, Edwin Sandys and George Cranmer, took a journey to see their tutor; where they found him with a book in his hand (it was the Odes of Horace) he being then like humble and innocent Abel, tending his small allotment of sheep in a common field;

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which he told his pupils he was forced to do then, for that his servant was gone home to dine, and assist his wife to do some necessary household business. But when his servant returned and released him, then his two pupils attended him unto his house, where their best entertainment was his quiet company, which was presently denied them: for Richard was called to rock the cradle; and the rest of their welcome was so like this, that they stayed but till next morning, which was time enough to discover and pity their tutor's condition, and they having in that time rejoiced in the remembrance, and then paraphrased on many of the innocent recreations of their younger days, and other like diversions, and thereby given him as much present comfort as they were able, they were forced to leave him to the company of his wife Joan, and seek themselves a quieter lodging for next night. But at their parting from him, Mr Cranmer said, "Good Tutor, I am sorry your lot is fallen in no better ground as to your parsonage; and more sorry that your wife proves not a more comfortable companion, after you have wearied yourself in your restless studies." To whom the good man replied, "My dear George, if saints have usually a double share in the miseries of this life, I, that am none, ought not to repine at what my wise Creator hath appointed for me: but labour (as indeed I do daily) to submit mine to His will, and possess my soul in patience and peace.

EARL CLARENDON

THE SETTING UP OF THE STANDARD

ACCORDING to the Proclamation, upon the twenty fifth

day of August, the standard was erected about six of the clock in the evening of a very stormy and tempestuous day. The King himself, with a small train, rode to the top of the Castle Hill, Verney, the Knight Marshal, who was

standard-bearer, carrying the standard; which was then erected in that place, with little other ceremony than the sound of drums and trumpets. Melancholy men observed many ill presages about that time. There was not one regiment of foot yet brought thither, so that the trained bands, which the Sheriff had drawn together, were all the strength the King had for his person and the guard of the standard. There appeared no conflux of men in obedience to the proclamation; the arms and ammunition were not yet come from York, and a general sadness covered the whole town. The standard was blown down, the same night it had been set up, by a very strong and unruly wind, and could not be fixed again in a day or two, till the tempest was allayed. This was the melancholy state of the King's affairs when the standard was set up.

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EDWARD GIBBON

THE BATTLE OF CHÂLONS

HE battle of Chalons can only excite our curiosity by the magnitude of the object; since it was decided by the blind impetuosity of Barbarians, and has been related by partial writers, whose civil or ecclesiastical profession secluded them from the knowledge of military affairs. Cassiodorius, however, had familiarly conversed with many Gothic warriors, who served in that memorable engagement; "a conflict," as they informed him, "fierce, various, obstinate and bloody; such as could not be paralleled, either in the present or past ages.' The number of the slain amounted to one hundred and sixty two thousand, or, according to another account, three hundred thousand persons; and these incredible exaggerations suppose a real and effective loss, sufficient to justify the historians remark, that whole generations may be swept away, by the madness of Kings, in the space of a single