24, 1817; received a common school education, and having lost his father when young, became dependent upon his own efforts for support; in 1837 he emigrated to Michigan and settled in Oakland County; studied law, and at the same time taught school, and came to the bar in 1842. In 1844 and 1846 he was elected to the Legislature of Michigan; in 1853 and 1854 was Prosecuting Attorney for his adopted county; was a Delegate to the Charleston and Baltimore Conventions of 1860; and in 1862 he was elected a Representative, from Michigan, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committees on Agriculture and Expenditures in the Interior Department. Was a Delegate to the Chicago Convention in 1864.

Baldwin, Henry.-He was born in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1779; graduated at Yale College in 1797; and was a Representative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1817 to 1822. He was a distinguished lawyer, and was for many years Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of the United States. He died in Philadelphia, April 21, 1844.

Baldwin, John.-He was born in Windham, Connecticut; and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1825 to 1829, serving on one standing and one select committee.

Baldwin, John D.-Was born in North Stonington, Connecticut, September 28, 1810; was educated in Yale College, receiving the degree of A. M.; read law, but never practised; went through a course of theological studies, devoted himself to literary pursuits, and published a volume of verses. In 1842

he became associated with the press, first in Hartford, and then in Boston, and was editor of the Daily Commonwealth, a writer for the Advertiser, and subsequently became the proprietor of the Worcester Spy. In 1862 he was elected a Representative, from Massachusetts, to the Thirty-eighth Congress, serving on the Committees of Expenditures, on Public Buildings, and on Printing.

Baldwin, Roger Sherman.— Born at New Haven, Connecticut, January 4, 1793; graduated at Yale College in 1811; studied law at Litchfield Law School; was admitted to the bar in 1814,

and established himself in practice at New Haven, where he has since continued to reside. In 1837 he was elected to the State Senate, re-elected in 1838, and chosen President pro tem. of that body. In 1840 and 1841 he was a Representative in the General Assembly, and in the latter year was associated with J. Q. Adams in the argument before the Supreme Court of the United States, in the case of the Africans of the Amistad. In 1844 and 1845 he was Governor of the State, and in 1847 was elected to the United States Senate by the Legislature of Connecticut, serving until 1851. He subsequently engaged in his professional duties. He was also a member of the Peace Congress of 1861, and died in New Haven, February 19, 1863.

Baldwin, Simeon.-Born at Norwich, Connecticut, December 14, 1761; graduated at Yale College in 1781. In 1783 he was appointed tutor at the College, and continued in that station until 1786, when he was admitted to the bar in New Haven, and commenced the practice of law. From 1790 to 1803 he was Clerk of the District and Circuit Courts of the United States; was a Representative in Congress, from 1803 to 1805, and declined a re-election. In 1806 he was appointed, by the Legislature, Associate Judge of the Superior Court and of the Supreme Court of Errors, and held the office until 1817. 1822 was chosen by the General Assembly one of the Commissioners to locate the Farmington Canal, and was made President of that Board. In 1826 was elected Mayor of New Haven. In 1830 he resigned his office as Commissioner. He died in New Haven, May 26, 1851.

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Ball, Edward.-He was born in Virginia, and was a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1853 to 1855, and was re-elected to the Thirty-fourth Congress.

Ball, William Lee.-Born in Lancaster County, Virginia, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1817 to 1824. Died in Washington, February 28, 1824, aged forty-five years.

Banks, John.-Was born in Juniata County, Pennsylvania, in 1793; studied law, and came to the bar in

1819, and settled in the western part of the State; was a Representative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1831 to 1836, when he resigned to accept the appointment of President Judge of the Third Judicial District of the State; in 1841 was the Whig candidate for Governor, but failed to be elected; and in 1847 he resigned the judgeship and became the State Treasurer. He was subsequently engaged in the practice of his profession, and died at Reading, on the 3d of April, 1864.

Banks, Linn.-Born in Virginia, and was for twenty successive years Speaker of the House of Delegates of that State, and a Representative in Congress, from Virginia, from 1838 to 1842, and was a member of the Committee on Claims. He was found drowned in a stream in Madison County, Virginia, February 24, 1842.

Banks, Nathaniel P.-Born in Waltham, Massachusetts, January 30, 1816, of poor but respectable parents, operatives in a factory. He had no advantages but those afforded by the common school, but he became a lover of books at an early day, and that love has been a source of gratification to him all his life. His first venture before the public was in the capacity of newspaper editor in his native town, and he followed the same pursuit at Lowell. He studied law, but did not practise to any great extent, and in 1848 he was elected to the Legislature of Massachusetts, serving in both houses, and officiating for a time as Speaker. He was chosen President of the Convention held in 1853, for revising the Constitution of Massachusetts, and was soon afterwards elected a Representative in Congress, serving from 1853 to 1857, when he was elected Governor of Massachusetts, by a majority of 24,000. During his second term in Congress, he was elected Speaker, and, as a presiding officer, won a reputation for impartiality, as it is said that not one of his decisions was ever overruled by the House. He was elected Governor of Massachusetts for a second term, in 1858, and for a third term in 1859. During the Rebellion of 1861-64, he served in the Union army as a majorgeneral of volunteers.

Barber, Levi.-He was born in Litchfield County, Connecticut, and was

a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1817 to 1819, and again from 1821 to 1823.

Barber, Noyes.-He was born in Groton, Connecticut, April 28, 1781; was in early life a merchant, but a lawyer by profession; and was a Representative in Congress, from his native State, from 1821 to 1835. He died at Groton, January 3, 1845. He was a man of ability, and while in Congress accomplished much good for his native State, where he was universally respected as a man and a statesman.

Barbour, James.-A native of Virginia; was Speaker of the House of Delegates, and Governor of that State; and a Senator in Congress, from 1815 to 1825, officiating as President pro tem. of the Senate, as Chairman of the Committees on Foreign Relations and the District of Columbia, and serving on other important committees. He was appointed Secretary of War in 1825, and Minister to England in 1828. He died

in Orange County, Virginia, June 8, 1842, aged sixty-six years.

Barbour, John S.-Born in Culpeper County, Virginia, in 1810, and died in Culpeper County, Virginia, January 12, 1855. He was in early life a member of the State Legislature; was from 1823 to 1833 a member of Congress from Virginia; again in the State Legislature in 1833-34; and member of the Constitutional Convention in 1829-30. He was a gentleman of much ability, and exercised considerable influence in the public affairs of his State.

Barbour, Lucien.-He was born in Canton, Connecticut, March 4, 1811; graduated at Amherst College in 1837, having, while receiving his own education, been a teacher himself; he removed to Indiana, studied law, and settled in the practice at Indianapolis. He was appointed, by President Polk, United States District Attorney; acted a number of times as arbitrator between the State of Indiana and private corporations; in 1852 was appointed a Commissioner to prepare a code of practice for the State; and was a Representative in the Thirty-fourth Congress; since which time he has been devoted to his profession.

Barbour, Philip P.-Born in

1779; was educated for the law, in the practice of which he was successful; he was a member of Congress, from Virginia, from 1814 to 1825; Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1821; in 1825 he was appointed Judge of the Eastern District of Virginia; was again in Congress from 1827 to 1830, officiating as Chairman of the Judiciary Committee; and in 1836 was appointed by President Jackson an Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of the United States. He died in Washington City, of ossification of the heart, February 25, 1841.

Barclay, David. He was born in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in Congress, from his native State, from 1855 to 1857.

Bard, David.-He was a graduate of Princeton College in 1773, and a Representative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1795 to 1799, and again from 1803 to 1815.

Barker, David.-He was a lawyer by profession, and was a Representative in Congress, from New Hampshire, from 1827 to 1829, and died in Rochester, New Hampshire, April 1, 1834, aged thirty-seven years.

Barker, Joseph.-He commenced his classical studies at Harvard University, and graduated at Yale College in 1771; and was a Representative in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1805 to 1809. He died in 1815.

Barkesdale, William.-Born in Rutherford County, Tennessee, August 21, 1821, and pursued a partial course of studies at the Nashville University. He is a lawyer by profession; held a commission in the staff of the 2d Mississippi Regiment, in the Mexican war, in 1847; was a member of the Mississippi Convention called in 1851 to discuss the Compromise measures of 1850; and was elected Representative, from Mississippi, in the Thirty-third, Thirtyfourth, Thirty-fifth, and Thirty-sixth Congresses; serving as a member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. Joined the Great Rebellion in 1861.

Barlow, Stephen.—He was a Representative in Congress, from Penn

sylvania, from 1827 to 1829, and was a member of the Committee on Agricul

ture.

Barnard, D. D.-He was born in Berkshire County, Massachusetts; graduated at Williams College in 1818; studied law, and was admitted to the bar, in New York, in 1821; in 1826 was elected District Attorney for the County of Monroe, New York; and was a Representative in Congress, from New York, from 1827 to 1829, and again from 1839 to 1845. In 1850 he was appointed Minister to Prussia. He has devoted much attention to literary pursuits, and the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the colleges of Geneva and New York. Of late years he devoted himself to the publication of a work called "A Journal of Education." Died at Albany in April, 1861.

Barnard, Isaac D.-He was a Senator in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1827 to 1831, and died at West Chester, Pennsylvania, February, 1834.

Barnett, William.-He was elected a Representative in Congress, from Georgia, from 1812 to 1815, when he was appointed one of the Commissioners to run the Creek boundary line.

Barney, John.-He was a son of Commodore Joshua Barney, and a member of Congress, from Maryland, from 1825 to 1827. He died in Washington, District of Columbia, January 26, 1857, aged seventy-two years. He was known in Washington society for many years as an agreeable gentleman; and he left behind him an unfinished record of "Personal Recollections of Men and Things," both in this country and Europe.

Barnitz, Charles A.-He was a Representative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1833 to 1835, and died at York, in that State, in March, 1850.

Barnwell, Robert.-He was a Representative in Congress, from South Carolina, from 1791 to 1793.

Barnwell, R. W.-He was born in South Carolina; graduated at Harvard University in 1821; studied law and was a Representative in Congress, from South Carolina, from 1829 to 1833; was President of the South Carolina College

from 1835 to 1843, and was a Senator in Congress in 1850. In December, 1860, he was appointed one of the Commissioners to visit Washington in behalf of South Carolina, and served as a member of the "Confederate" Congress.

Barr, Thomas J.-Born in New York City in 1812; commenced life by devoting himself to a variety of pursuits; from 1835 to 1842 he held the position of a landlord in New Jersey; in 1849 and 1850 he was an Assistant Alderman in the City Councils of New York; in 1853 he was elected a member of the State Senate; and he was elected a Representative in Congress, from New York, taking his seat during the second session of the Thirty-fifth Congress, and re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on Expenses in the State Department.

Barrere, Nelson.-He was a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1851 to 1853.

Barrett, J. Richard.-Born in Kentucky, and removing to Missouri, was elected a Representative from that State to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on Public Lands.

Barringer, Daniel L.-Born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, October 1, 1788; had a good classical education; studied law, and practised with success in Wake County; served in the Legislature of North Carolina in 1813, and again from 1819 to 1822; and was a Representative in Congress, from 1826 to 1835. He subsequently removed to Tennessee, and was elected Speaker of the House of Representatives of that State. He died October 16, 1852.

Barringer, Daniel Moreau.Was born in Cabarras County, North Carolina, and graduated at the University of North Carolina in 1826; he selected the law as a profession, having commenced to practise in 1829. In that year he was elected a member of the State Legislature, in which position he continued for a number of years. In 1835 he was a member of a Convention to amend the State Constitution. He was a Representative in Congress, from 1843 to 1849, when he was appointed by President Taylor Minister to Spain, and

continued in that mission by President Fillmore. On resigning his position as Minister, after serving four years, he travelled extensively in Europe, and, on his return home, was elected to the State Legislature, and in 1855, having declined a re-election, retired to private life, devoting himself to literary studies and pursuits. He was also elected a Delegate to the Peace Congress of 1861.

Barrow, Alexander.-Born in Nashville, Tennessee, in 1801, where, after completing his education, he was admitted to the bar; he soon after removed to Louisiana, gave up the practice of law, and turned his attention to planting. He served a number of years in the Legislature of Louisiana, and was a Senator in Congress from 1841 to 1847. Died December 29, 1846.

Barrow, Washington.—He is a native of Tennessee; a lawyer by education and profession; was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1847 to 1849, serving on the Committee for the District of Columbia; and in 1841 was appointed American Chargé d'Affaires to Portugal.

Barry, William S.-He was born in Mississippi, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1853 to 1855.

Barry, William T.-He was born in Fairfax County, Virginia, March 18, 1780; and was a Senator in Congress, from Kentucky, from 1814 to 1816, having previously served in the State Legislature as Speaker, and during the years 1810 and 1811, been a Representative in Congress from the same State. He was also a member of President Jackson's cabinet, as Postmaster-General (the first, as such, admitted to that honor), and at the time of his death, which occurred in Liverpool, England, August 30, 1835, he was Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States to Spain.

Barstow, Gamaliel H. — He served three years in the Assembly of New York, four years in the State Senate, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1831 to 1833.

Barstow, Gideon.-A native of Massachusetts; was a member of both branches of the Legislature of that State,

and a Representative in Congress, from 1821 to 1823. He died in St. Augustine, Florida, where he had gone for his health, March 26, 1852, aged sixty-nine years.

Bartlett, Bailey.-He was Sheriff of Essex County, Massachusetts, for many years, and a Representative in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1797 to 1801.

Bartlett, Ichabod.-He was born in Salisbury, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, in 1786; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1808; studied law, and settled in Portsmouth, where he was eminently successful in his profession, and was a Representative in Congress, from 1823 to 1829, serving on the Committee on Naval Affairs. He was also frequently in the State Legislature, and a member of the Convention to revise the State Constitution. He died in Portsmouth, October 19, 1853.

Bartlett, Josiah.-Born in New Hampshire in 1768, and died at Stratham, in that State, April 14, 1838. He was a physician of extensive practice, and a Representative in Congress, from New Hampshire, from 1811 to 1813. His father, bearing the same name, was a man of note, and the first Governor of New Hampshire after the adoption of the Federal Constitution.

Bartlett, Thomas, Jr.-He was born in Vermont; adopted the profession of law; and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 1853. He served three years in the State Legislature, both houses; was County Attorney in 1839 and 1841; and President of the State Constitutional Convention of 1850.

He was

Bartley, Mordecai. born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1823 to 1831, and Governor of Ohio, from 1844 to 1846.

Barton, David. He was one of the first emigrants to the Territory of Missouri; President of the Convention which met to form a State Constitution, in 1820; was a Senator in Congress, from Missouri, from 1821 to 1831, and a man of distinguished talents. Died near Boonville, Missouri, September 28, 1837.

Barton, Richard W.-He was born in Virginia, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1841 to 1843. He also served in the State Legislature, and was the first President of the Valley Agricultural Society. Died in Frederick County, Virginia, March 15, 1859.

Barton, Samuel.-He was born in New York, served three years in the Assembly of that State, and was a Representative in Congress, from 1835 to 1837.

Basset, Richard.-He was a member from Delaware of the Convention which formed the Constitution, and a Senator in Congress, from its adoption until 1793. He was also a Justice of the Federal Supreme Court; Governor of Delaware, from 1798 to 1801; and died in September, 1815.

Bassett, Burwell.-He was born in New Kent County, Virginia, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1805 to 1813, from 1815 to 1819, and from 1821 to 1831.

Bateman, Ephraim.-He was born in Cumberland, New Jersey; was a Senator in Congress, from that State, from 1826 to 1829; and was a member of the Committees on Agriculture and Enrolled Bills; having previously been a Representative in Congress, from 1815 to 1823; serving on the Committees on the Post-office and Accounts. Died January 21, 1829.

Bates, Edward.-Was born September 4, 1793, at Belmont, Goochland County, Virginia. His education was commenced by his father, and succeeded by several years of academic instruction, mostly at Charlotte Hall, Maryland, and finished by an accomplished private tutor. In early youth he declined a midshipman's warrant, and served in 1813, at Norfolk, in the Virginia Militia, from February to October. 1814 he migrated to St. Louis, there studied law, and began to practise in 1816. In 1818 he was appointed Prosecuting Attorney for that Circuit; in 1820 was a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention, and was the same year appointed Attorney-General of the new State of Missouri. He resigned that office in 1822, and was elected to

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