Governor of Missouri, after it became a State, and a Representative in Congress, from 1831 to 1837. He died near Boonville, Missouri, March 26, 1838.

Ashmore, John D.-Born in Greenville District, South Carolina, August 7, 1819; served as a merchant's clerk for several years, and then taught school until he became of age; studied law, but instead of following that profession, turned his attention to agriculture; when quite young, filled various offices in the State Militia; was a member of the South Carolina Legislature in 1848, 1850, and 1852; in 1853, he was elected Comptroller-General of the State for two years, and re-elected for a second term; and he was subsequently elected a Representative from South Carolina to the Thirty-sixth Congress. Resigned in December, 1860.

Ashmun, Eli Pease.-He was a distinguished lawyer, and for several years a member of the House of Representatives and Senate of Massachusetts; and was elected, in 1816, to succeed General Varnum as Senator from that State, in Congress; this office he resigned in 1818. He died at Northampton, Massachusetts, May 10, 1819, aged forty-eight.

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Ashmun, George.-Born Brandford, Massachusetts, December 25, 1804; graduated at Yale College in 1823; studied law and settled in Springfield in 1828. He served in the State Legislature during the years 1833, 1835, 1836, 1838, and 1841, officiating as Speaker of the House in the latter year. He was a Representative in Congress from 1845 to 1851, and was a member of the Committees on the Judiciary, Indian Affairs, and on Rules. Since that time he has been devoted to the practice of his profession. In 1860 he was elected President of the Chicago Convention, convened to nominate a President and Vice-President.

Atchison, David R.-He was born in Frogtown, Fayette County, Kentucky, August 11, 1807; was educated for the bar; and removed to Missouri in 1830. He was elected to the Legislature of that State in 1834 and 1838. In 1841 he was appointed Judge of the Platte County Circuit Court; and during the year 1843, was appointed a Sena

tor in Congress, to which position he was twice elected, serving until 1855, frequently at the head of important committees, and for several sessions as President pro tempore of the Senate. He was subsequently devoted to agricultural pursuits.

Atherton, Charles G.-He was born in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, July 4, 1804; graduated at Cambridge in 1822; studied law, but engaged in politics when quite young; he was for many years in the Legisla ture of New Hampshire, and for three years Speaker of the House; he was a Representative in Congress, from 1837 to 1843; a Senator in Congress, from 1843 to 1849; and, in November, 1852, he was re-elected a Senator to fill a vacancy, and died of apoplexy in Manchester, New Hampshire, November 15, 1853. He was Chairman, in the Senate, of the Committee on Finance.

Atherton, Charles H.-He was born in Amherst, New Hampshire, August 14, 1773, and graduated at Harvard College in 1794. He held the office of Register of Probate, from 1798 to 1807; was a Representative in Congress, from 1815 to 1817; and stood at the head of the bar in Hillsborough County for many years. He died in Amherst, January 8, 1853.

Atkins, John D. C.-He was born in Henry County, Tennessee, on the 4th of June, 1825; graduated at the University of East Tennessee in 1846; was elected to the lower branch of the Legislature in 1849 and 1851; was elected to the State Senate in 1855; was a Presidential Elector in 1856; and was elected a Representative in Congress, from Tennessee, in 1857, and was a member of the Committee on Post-offices and Postroads.

Atkinson, Archibald.-Born in Isle of Wight County, Virginia, September 13, 1792. He left school at the age of eighteen, and entered the office of the Clerk of the County Court, and performed the duties of copyist, devoting his leisure time to the study of law, which he completed at the Law School of William and Mary College. In 1813 he joined the troops at Norfolk, as ensign of a volunteer company, which was attached to the 29th Regiment, and

was at the battle of Craney Island. Upon leaving the army he commenced the practice of law in Smithfield, and was a member of the General Assembly from 1815 to 1817, and also of the House of Delegates and State Senate for several years. In 1843 he was elected a Representative in Congress, from Virginia, and served until 1848, and was a member of the Committees on Naval Affairs and Commerce. He was Prosecuting Attorney for his county twenty years; Mayor of Smithfield, and a magistrate.

Austin, Archibald.-He was a Representative in Congress, from Virginia, from 1817 to 1819.

Avery, William T.-Born in Maury County, Tennessee, November 11, 1819, and was very early in life thrown upon his own resources for education and support; he is a lawyer by profession; and was elected to the Legislature of Tennessee in 1843. He held several creditable positions in his native State, and was chosen a Representative to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving as a member of the Committees on Expenditures in the State Department, and on Private Land Claims; re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on Private Land Claims.

Babbitt, Elijah.-Born in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1796; received a common school and academic education, in the States of New York and Pennsylvania; studied law in the latter State, and was admitted to the bar in 1824; was Prosecuting Attorney for the State in 1833; served in the State Legislature in 1836 and 1837; was a State Senator in 1844 and 1845; and was elected a Representative, from Pennsylvania, to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving as a member of the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress.

Babcock, Alfred.-He was a Representative in Congress, from New York, from 1841 to 1843.

Babcock, Leander.-He was born in New York, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 1853.

Babcock, William.—He was a Representative in Congress, from New York, from 1831 to 1833.

Bacon, Ezekiel.-He was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, in 1776; graduated at Yale College in 1804; the son of John Bacon; was a member of the State Legislature in 1805 and 1806; Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas for the Western District of Massachusetts, in 1813; First Comptroller of the United States Treasury from 1813 to 1815; and a Representative in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1807 to 1813.

Bacon, John.-He was born in Canterbury, Connecticut, in 1737; graduated at the College of New Jersey in 1765; studied theology, and, after preaching for a time in Maryland, removed to Massachusetts, and settled in Boston. Owing to some difficulties with his congregation, he relinquished the ministry, and subsequently held the positions of magistrate, Representative in the State Legislature, Presiding Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, a member and President of the State Senate, and that of Representative in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1801 to 1803. He died in Berkshire County, October 25, 1820.

Badger, George E.-Born in the

town of Newbern, North Carolina, in 1795. He graduated at Yale College in 1813; studied and practised law; and was elected to the Legislature in 1816. In 1820, he was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court, which he resigned in 1825; he was appointed Secretary of the Navy by President Harrison in 1841; and was elected a Senator in Congress in 1846, and re-elected in 1848 for a term of six years, serving on the Committees on Military and Naval Affairs. Of late years he has been wholly devoted to the practice of his profession, visiting Washington occasionally to argue cases in the Supreme Court of the United States.

Badger, Luther.-Born in Partridgefield, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, April 10, 1785, but his father removed to Broome County, New York, in 1786. Having made sufficient acquaintance in the common branches of an English education, he entered Hamilton College at the age of nineteen, and spent two years there. In 1807 he commenced the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 1812, and continued to practise his profession until 1824, when he was elected a Representative to the Nineteenth Congress. He had been engaged in military services in his State, and in 1819 was appointed, by Governor Clinton, Judge-Advocate for the 27th Brigade of Infantry of New York State, which office he held for eight years. In 1832 he resumed the practice of law, and in 1840 was appointed Examiner in Chancery and Commissioner of United States Loans, which office he held for three years. From 1846 to 1849 he was United States District Attorney for New York.

Baer, George.-He was a Representative in Congress, from Maryland, from 1797 to 1801, and again from 1815 to 1817.

Bagby, Arthur P.-He was born in Virginia in 1794; was liberally educated; adopted the profession of law, and settled in Alabama in 1818; was elected a member of the Legislature in 1820 and 1822, and was Speaker of the House; was Governor of Alabama from 1837 to 1843; and a Senator in Congress, from that State, from 1842 to 1849. His last public position was that of Minister to Russia, to which he was

appointed in 1848. He died of yellow fever at Mobile, September 21, 1858.

Bailey, David J.-He was born in Georgia, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1851 to 1855.

Bailey, Goldsmith F.-Born in Westmoreland, New Hampshire, July 17, 1823; finished his schooling at the age of sixteen; became a printer and edited a country paper; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1848; in 1856 he was elected to the Legislature of Massachusetts; in 1858 and 1860 to the Senate of the State; and was elected a Representative from Massachusetts to the Thirty-seventh Congress. His health was impaired when he took his seat in Congress, and he died at Fitchburg, Massachusetts, May 8, 1862.

Bailey, Jeremiah.-He was born at Little Compton, Rhode Island; graduated at Brown University, and studied law. He was a member of the Maine Legislature from 1811 to 1814; a

Judge of Probate from 1814 to 1835; and a Representative in Congress, from Lincoln County, Maine, from 1835 to Agriculture and Expenditures in the 1837, serving on the Committees on Post-office Department. He was also Collector of Customs at Wiscasset, from 1849 to 1853; and died in July of that year.

Bailey, John.-He was born in Norfolk County, Massachusetts; was a member of the Massachusetts Legislature from 1815 to 1818; a clerk in the Department of State for a year; a State Senator in 1831 and 1834; and a Representative in Congress, for Massachusetts, from 1823 to 1831, serving on the Committees on Public Expenditures and Expenditures in the State Department; and died at Dorchester, Massachusetts, June 26, 1835.

Bailey, Theodorus.-He was born in 1752; was a Representative in Congress, from New York, from 1793 to 1797, and again from 1799 to 1803; and a Senator in Congress, from 1803 to 1804, when he resigned and was appointed Postmaster of New York City. He died September 6, 1828.

Baily, Joseph.-He was born on the Brandywine battle-ground, Chester County, Pennsylvania, March 18, 1810; received a limited education through his own exertions, on account of the moderate circumstances of his father, and was early apprenticed to a mechanical branch of business, which was his first step to eminent success. From 1839 to 1845 he represented his native county in both branches of the Legislature, and from 1850 to 1854 represented Perry County, in the State Senate. In 1854 he was Treasurer of the State of Pennsylvania, and in 1860 was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-seventh Congress, serving on the committees on Agriculture and Printing. He was also re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress, and served on the same Committees.

Baker, Caleb.-He was born in Providence, Rhode Island; served four years in the New York Assembly; and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1819 to 1821.

Baker, David J.-He was a Senator in Congress, from Illinois, from 1830 to 1831.

Baker, Edward D.-Was born in England, brought to this country when a child, and was early left an orphan in Philadelphia. His father was a weaver, and when a boy, he worked at that business himself. He obtained an education under many difficulties; first studied for the ministry, but soon turned his attention to the law, becoming famous as an advocate in Illinois, to which State he emigrated in his nineteenth year. After serving in the Illinois Legislature for two years; he resigned, and in 1846, went to Mexico as a colonel of volunteers, acquitting himself with credit at Cerro Gordo. He was a Representative in Congress, from Illinois, from 1849 to 1851; after which, he took an active part in the building of the Panama Railroad; in 1852, he settled in San Francisco, devoting himself to his profession; he subsequently removed to Oregon, which State he represented as a Senator in Congress, taking his seat in March, 1861. At the outbreak of the Rebellion, in 1861, he raised a body of men in Philadelphia, called the California Regiment, and while gal

lantly leading them in battle at Leesburg, Virginia, against a superior force, he was shot from his horse and killed, October 21, 1861.

Baker, Ezra.-He was a Representative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 1815 to 1817.

Baker, John.-He was a Representative in Congress, from Virginia, from 1811 to 1813. He was a lawyer, and died in Shepherdstown, Virginia, August 18, 1823.

Baker, Osmyn.-He was born in Amherst, Massachusetts, May 18, 1800; graduated at Yale College in 1822; adopted the profession of law; and was a Representative in Congress, from his native State, from 1839 to 1845. He was also a member of the Massachusetts Legislature in 1833 and 1834; State Councillor in 1853 and 1854.

Baker, Stephen.-He was born in the city of New York, August 12, 1819; at an early age engaged in mercantile pursuits, from which he retired in 1849, to a country seat in Dutchess County, New York; and was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirtyseventh Congress, serving on the Committees on Roads and Canals, and on Patents.

Baldwin, Abraham.—Was a native of Connecticut, and a graduate of Yale College in 1772, and, from 1775 to 1779 he was a tutor in that institution. Having studied law, he settled in Savannah, Georgia, and soon after his arrival there he was chosen a member of the Legislature. He originated the plan of the University of Georgia, drew up the charter, and persuaded the Assembly to adopt it, and was for some time its President. He was a member of the Continental Congress from 1785 to 1788, and a member of the Convention which framed the Constitution of the United States. From 1789 to 1799 he was a Representative in Congress, and from 1799 to 1807 he was a member of the United States Senate, part of the time President pro tem. of the Senate. He died March 4, 1807, aged fifty-three years.

Baldwin, Augustus C.-Was born in Salina, New York, December