THE WISE, GENEROUS AND TRUE FRIENDS OF EVERY GOOD

CAUSE,

THESE CHAPTERS ARE DEDICATED.

347122

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

CHAPTER L

THE ORIGIN OF THE ANTI-SLAVERY MOVEMENTS IN THE UNITED

STATES.

Introduction. Beginning of slavery in the United States. England

maintains it in her colonies. Its growth. Its character. Early

opposition to slavery. John Eliot. Samuel Sewall. The Quak-

ers. John Woolman. Anthony Benezet. John Wesley. Sam-

uel Hopkins. Elias Hicks. Benjamin Lundy. Constitution of

Massachusetts, 1780. Franklin in 1787. John Jay. Alexander

Hamilton. Jonathan Edwards. Thomas Jefferson. Their testi-

mony against slavery. Dane ordinance of 1787. Constitution of

the United States a compromise. Its pro-slavery provisions.

Power of the slaveholders. Their sense of danger. Suddenly

shown at the time of the Southampton massacre in 1831. Slavery

a state of war. Upright and honorable slaveholders. Anti-slav-

ery sentiments in Kentucky down to 1840. Anecdotes illustrating

this. Old and new courts in Kentucky. Robert J. Breckenridge

for emancipation. Duelling in the slave states. Rowan and Mar-

shall. Views of Henry Clay. Families separated. Beginning

of the Garrison movement, 1832. Character of Garrison. Mobs.

Samuel J. May. Burning of Pennsylvania Hall. Activity of the

abolitionists. Colonization society.

CHAPTER II.

THE FIGHT IN CONGRESS.

Early debates in Congress concerning slavery. George Thacher.
Josiah Quincy. The Missouri compromise in 1820. Successive
victories of the slave-power. Tristram Burgess. The real strug
gle begins in 1835, for the abolition of slavery in the District of
Columbia. John Quincy Adams. Anecdote of Felix Grundy and
Governor Poindexter. Career of John Quincy Adams. Anec-

9

dote of Josiah Quincy and Dr. Freeman. The Gag-Law in Con-

gress. Remarkable debate in February, 1837. Mr. Adams stands

almost alone against the slave-power in Congress, and conquers.

Supported by Joshua R. Giddings. His career and character.

Case of the Creole. Mr. Adams presents a petition for the disso-

lution of the Union. Scene on this occasion. John P. Hale.

Anecdote of a passage between him and Henry Clay. Gamaliel

Bailey, editor of the "National Era." Meetings at his house.

The Prigg case. Admission of Arkansas in 1836. Florida war.

Case of Samuel Hoar. Annexation of Texas. War with Mex-

ico. Wilmot proviso. Compromises of 1850. Repeal of the

Missouri compromise. Stephen A. Douglas and Squatter Sov-

ereignty.

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CHAPTER III.

ABOLITIONISTS AND FUGITIVE SLAVES.

Recapitulation of the successive triumphs of the slave-power. In-

creased activity of the abolitionists. Their methods. Their meet-

ings described. Anecdotes of Stephen Foster and Charles Bur-

leigh. Fun in the anti-slavery meetings. Leading abolitionists.

Samuel J. May described. Underground railroad. The black

woman Moses. Fugitive slaves and their friends. Susan Hil-

lard. William and Ellen Crafts. Anecdote of Mr. Booth, a Ken-

tucky slaveholder. United States Marshal Barnes, and his

methods. General Devens paying the ransom for Burns. Story

of Father Henson. The fugitive from Alabama in the Ohio peni-

tentiary. Box Brown. Edward Davis. Mr. May's stories of

fugitives. The higher law. Free colored people in Cincinnati

and elsewhere.

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CHAPTER IV.

FRIENDS AND OPPOSERS OF THE ANTI-SLAVERY MOVEMENT.

Northern opposers of the abolitionists, and their motives. The ter-
rible evils of slavery as seen by the abolitionists. Theodore D.
Weld's "American Slavery As It Is." Olmstead's travels in the
southwest. Extracts from "Laws relating to Slavery," by Geo.
W. Stroud. Case of Prudence Crandall. She is obliged to close
her school for colored girls. Governor Everett's message. Hear-
ing given to the abolitionists by a committee of the legislature.
Their treatment by Mr. Lunt. Dr. Channing's appearance on
this occasion. Alton mob and murder of Lovejoy. The meeting
in Faneuil Hall. First appearanee of Wendell Phillips. James
T. Austin. Dr. Nehemiah Adams, and his "South-side View of
Slavery." Incident at Old Fort Plantation. Northern ladies
who have taught the colored children. Dr. Lord of Dartmouth
College, and his pamphlets in defence of slavery. Bishop Hop-
kins also defends slavery. His curious argument. Mr. Buchanan
and Mr. Cass. Anecdote of an anti-slavery speaker in Pennsyl-
vania. Other opponents of anti-slavery at the North. Its
defenders. Robert Rantoul. Anecdote of John Quincy

Three political parties. Liberty party, Free-Soil party, Republican

party. The Garrisonians become Disunionists. Their method

in this a mistake, though the moral influence of their teaching

most important. Anti-slavery clergymen. Dr. Channing. John

G. Palfrey. Theodore Parker, His speech in opposition to the

Mexican war. Henry Ward Beecher. Compromise of 1850.

Daniel Webster and his seventh of March speech. Defence by

his friends. This defence examined. Great disappointment of

the anti-slavery admirers of Daniel Webster. Dark days of 1850

Uncle Tom's Cabin published. Its great influence. Arrests of

fugitives at the North, under the new law. Reminiscences of

Austin Bearse. Story of Octave Johnson. John Brown at Har-

per's Ferry. My meeting him in Boston, and his account of his

purpose. His interview with Charles Sumner.

CHAPTER VI.

THE COMBAT DEEPENS.

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Futility of the compromises of 1850. The struggle renewed. New

victories of the slave-power. Election of Pierce in 1852, of Bu-

chanan in 1856. Their subservience to the slave-power. The

phrase "dough-face." Repeal of the Missouri compromise, May.

1854. Struggle in Kansas, 1854. Kansas invaded by the people

of Missouri. Polls taken possession of. Free-state settlers mur-

dered. Pierce and Buchanan take sides with the border ruffians.

Charles Sumner assaulted in the Senate by Brooks, May, 1856.

Results. John Brown of Osawatomie. Dred Scott decision,

March, 1857, Victims of the fugitive slave law. More anti-slav-

ery men in Congress. Chase, Giddings, Horace Mann, Grant,

Smith. Fremont's vote in 1856. Lincoln elected in 1860. Slave-

holders determined to secede. Their folly in this act. Demands

of the Republican party. "Cotton is King." The sine quâ non

of the slave-power. Douglas opposes it. Attempts at new con-

cessions to prevent secession. Southern members of Congress

resign and the states secede. Attack on Fort Sumter. Rising of

the North. Civil war begins.

CHAPTER VII.

CIVIL WAR AND END OF SLAVERY.

Character of Abraham Lincoln. A man specially adapted to the
needs of the hour. Anecdote concerning him told by Joshua

158