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phlet, as unsupported, and inconsiderately or malignantly introduced. Pulaski must go down to posterity in the foremest rank of genuine patriots, the foes of tyranny and high handed usurpaation. After having fought for Poland till the last hope of her deliverance was extinguished, he gained, after encountering many dangers and difficulties, the shores of our infant republic; where the enthusiasm which had urged him so nobly, but so vainly, to cling to the tottering fabric of his country's independence, was enlisted on the side of our oppressed and indignant nation. He received his mortal wound at the siege of Savannah. His corpse, from the emergency of the case, was consigned to the waves. His memory is all that is left us; and that we are bound, incommon gratitude, to cherish and protect. In the words of this writer, "if our biographer could be thus ungrateful, thank heaven, the nation cannot. Witness the enthusiastic reception given at this very time to her illustrious guest; to one who knew, who esteemed, who admired Pulaski-to the gallant Lafayette."

Elements of Latin Prosody and Metre, compiled from the best authorities; together with a Synopsis of Poetic Licences occurring in the Versification of Virgil, a Metrical Index to the Lyric Compositions of Horace, and the Scanning of the Mixed Trimeter and Dimeter Iambics of the latter Poet, by Charles Anthon, Adjunct Professor of Languages in Columbia College, New-York. 12mo. pp. 120. New-York, T. & J. Swords.

These Elements of Latin Prosody are judiciously and ably compiled from Dr. Carey's Latin Prosody, (a valuable treatise on this too much neglected department of classic literature,) Gesner's Thesaurus, the Port Royal Latin Grammar, and the excellent Grammar of Grant. The metrical rules of Alvarez are with great propriety retained, for although we agree with Mr. Anthon, that nothing can be more absurd than to compel the student to commit to memory the discordant and disjointed hexameters of Alvarez, yet we are convinced that to the voluntary learner these rules will serve as valuable auxiliaries. The explanations, and elucidations of the rules are given, as they ought to be, in English; and by this means Mr. Anthon has, as far as practicable, avoided all objections, and availed himself of all advantages. There is annexed to the prosodial part of the Elements, a lucid and comprehensive exposition of the varieties of Latin versification. We have frequently regretted that the Treatises on Latin Metre, published in this country, seldom contained any thing more than a few general directions, and a bare enumeration of the Metres of Horace. In the present compilation, (which, by the way, we recommend to all such as feel inclined to revive or extend their collegiate reminiscences,) the illustrations are selected from the writings of Horace, Martial, Terence. Catullus, Seneca, Petronius, Prudentius, Boethius, and Buchanan. We hope sincerely that this valuable little work will be studied as it deserves to be, for nothing can be more distressing than the marks of ignorance of the commonest rules of Prosody, to which our ears and eyes are in this country every where exposed. The merciless and unre

lenting violence generally practised upon every Latin word which admits of two pronunciations, is enough to break one's heart. It is vain to pretend that these are trifles that deserve no consideration nor complaint. The violation of the elementary principles of language merits reprobation, precisely for the same reason that a breach of the laws of ordinary politeness is so severely reprehended; because the trifle, as it is called, indicates some more serious deficiency. As nothing recommends a gentleman, in the ordinary intercourse of life, more than the punctilious fulfilment of all its little courtesies; so the attainments of the scholar are necessarily udged of, by his scrupulous observance of the thousand nameless graces and proprieties of language. These may be called the decencies of letters; and no man of taste can see them disregarded, without ascribing to the offender a very culpable contempt for the general interests of literature and learning.

SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE.

DOMESTIC.

Mineralogy. The Jeffersonite, so named, in compliment to one of our expresidents, is ascertained not to be a new mineral species. Dr. Froost, of Philadelphia, from an examination of its crystaline structure, has determined it to be nothing more than a variety of that Proteus of mineralogy, Pyroxene.

The ore of zinc, at Sterling, occurs in such quantities that it will, at no distant period, be worked to great profit. An analysis of some varieties of that ore, by Professor Van Uxem, of Columbia, S. C. gives the following result:

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The mineral riches of our country are daily, we had almost said hourly, developed. We are sorry to learn that gold still continues to be found in North Carolina in large quantities. We saw a few days ago a mass worth by weight 800 from that state. A mine of any other metal would be more valuable to the country.

Geology. The attention of our geologists has latterly been directed towards that interesting tract of country called West Jersey. It consists entirely of alluvion, or what, in compliance with the latest fashion, we are to call the tertiary formation. It is in this region that the useful marl is so abundant, and its employment as a manure has within the last fifteen years doubled the value of land in that country. The marl has recently been examined by Dr. Harlan of Philadelphia, and determined to be a ferruginous clay, abounding more or less with fossil shells, bones, &c The occurrence of iron pyrites in a large proportion, of course injures the quality of the marl, and explains why some kinds are injurious when used too freely as manure. Dr. H. supposes this fertilizing quality of marl does not depend upon its consisting of decomposed animal substances, but rather, that as the soil of this region is naturally a loose sand, the marl gives consistency to the earth, and allows the vegetables to take root.

Mr. Dietz of Florida has published an acccount of a curious testaceous formation at Anastatia Island opposite St. Augustine. This Island is elevated about ten feet above the water, and consists entirely of fragments of

shells. These upon examination proved to be all bivalves, and for the most part of a single genus-Arca. The fragments are agglutinated together, and are used as a building stone. From the appearances presented by this island, Mr. Dietz concludes that we have here under our own eyes the actual formation of a shell limestone analogous to the secondary shell marbles of Bleyberg, Killkenny, and the variegated limestone in the neighbourhood of Hudson, New York.

Botany The first volume of the Flora of the Northern and middle states by Dr. Torrey of this city has just issued from the press. The learned author has embraced all the botanical discoveries made in this country up to this date, and comprised his own, which are neither few nor unimportant. The lovers of botany anxiously look for the appearance of his second and last volume.

Zoology. Mr. J. J. Audubon of New Orleans has been for the last twenty years collecting materials for a history of the birds of this country. We have had an opportunity of inspecting the drawings for this work. They amount to 400 in number, and every drawing is of the size of life. It is estimated that the expense of the engraving alone, if executed in this country, will exceed one hundred thousand dollars.

Chemistry. Professor Hare of Philadelphia has published a pamphlet in reply to Mr. Van Uxem's examination of the pretended diamonds of Professor Silliman. Professor H. maintains that the substance analysed by Mr Van Uxem was not the same product with that formed by professor Silliman. No conclusive evidence, however, is brought forward to invalidate the statement of Mr. Van Uxem, and we must continue to think that Professor Silliman has merely melted the metallic impurities, instead of fusing the charcoal itself. The subject is one which, as our readers are aware, requires the employment of intense heat; we regret that much unnecessary warmth has been betrayed in its discussion.

FOREIGN.

A writer in Jameson's Edinburgh Philosophical Journal comments, at some length, upon the account of Perkins' steam engine, as published by one of the friends of that gentleman, in the Bibliotheque Universelle. "Having read the paper," the writer proceeds to state, "we really see nothing to alter the opinions we had previously formed. In place of that clear and philosophical exposition of causes and effects which such a subject de mands, and certainly admits of, if any real discovery has been made, we are here presented with such a mass of mere theories and assumptions, together with such fanciful paradoxes and downright absurdities, as we believe have seldom been brought forward in the shape of philosophy. Instead of proceeding with a plain statement of experiments and of consequences deducible from them, or advancing clearly and boldly forward from principles already known to some great and striking conclusion, the author is continually halting in his career and bewilders himself in a maze of obscure unintelligible speculation, ingeniously contrived, one would think, to puzzle himself and his readers. He occasionally proceeds so clearly and methodically with his principles that you are prepared for some important consequences; instead of which you are landed in some ingenious paradox-some palpable inconsistency-some result which turns out, after all, mere assertion or assumption, or some obvious truth in which you are surprised the author can discover any thing new or important.

"We shall state in proof of what we have said, one or two as a specimen of the propositions maintained by Mr. Perkins. 1. It is said, that, in the generator, or high pressure boiler, the heat is greatest at the top, and decreases towards the bottom against which the flame and heat of the furnace

are principally directed; so that while the temperature of the upper part of the boiler is at 400 degrees. that of the lower parts next the fire, may, in extreme cases, be so low as 40 degrees. 2. Although the water exposed in this manner to the intense heat of a furnace remains permanently cold, yet if any crack or opening should take place in the bottom of the boiler, within which the water is pressed with a force of at least 400 lb. on the inch, no water will issue at the opening. The reason assigned for this we are unable to comprehend or to render intelligible 3. It is proposed to “pump back the heat” into the boiler, after it has done its of fice of impelling the piston in the cylinder; to pump it back in the generator, and to cause it, in this way, to act again and again upon the piston; so that in this manner, the author, in the fervor of his imagination, thinks it but reasonable to expect that an apparatus of this kind may be constructed, which, when once sufficiently heated, will continue to move forever, and to drive machinery of itself without any farther consumption of fuel. On looking into his description of this part of the apparatus, we find the plan consists merely in heating the water of the generator by the waste steam of the cylinder,-a plan which has already been frequently proposed, and which is indeed practised, to a certain extent, in every steam-engine in the kingdom."

If these remarks have not been dictated by professional or national jealousy, the pretensions of our ingenious countryman to the discovery of a “new principle" have been overrated. It will be recollected, however, that the account was not written by Mr. Perkins himself, but furnished by one of his friends. It would surely be nothing more than justice towards Mr. Perkins to suspend our opinion until he has completed his experiments. At all events, the charges specified above come with an ill grace from a nation whose only claim to the discovery of the steam engine rests upon a rude guess in the marquis of Salisbury's century of inventions.

LITERARY INTELLIGENCE.

WORKS IN PRESS.

Lionel Lincoln, or the Leaguer of Boston, a Novel, in two volumes, be ing the first of a series of novels entitled the Legend of the Thirteen Republics. Charles Wiley. This new work, we understand, is from the pen of the well known author of The Spy," and will doubtless be worthy of his increasing reputation.

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The Valley of Shenandoah, a Novel, in two volumes, descriptive of Southern scenery and manners.-Charles Wiley.

Tales of an American Landlord, containing Sketches of Life South of the Potomac, in two volumes 12mo.-W. B. Gilley. Those who have seen the manuscript of this work speak in very high terms of it.

Todd's Johnson's Dictionary, with Walker's Pronunciation, in one volume, royal octavo.-William Borradaile. This work is intended to supersede Walker's Dictionary, the imperfections of which are now generally acknowledged.

Rollin's Ancient History, in four volumes, 8vo.-William Borradaile. The Works of Robert Burns, in four volumes.-Solomon King.

Universal Geography, or a Description of all the Parts of the World, on a new plan, according to the great natural divisions of the Globe; accom panied with Analytical, Synoptical, and Elementary Tables, By M. Malte

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Brun. Improved by the addition of the most recent information, derived from various sources.-Wells & Lilly.-Bliss & White.

Of this very valuable work, which is to consist of seven volumes, one is already published, and executed in a style of typography highly creditable to the publishers.

A Peep at the Pilgrims in Sixteen Hundred and Thirty-six. A Tale of Olden Times. By the Author of Divers Unfinished Manuscripts, &c. In two. volumes.-Wells & Lilly.

Major Long's Second Expedition.-H. C. Carey & I. Lea.

Memoirs of Richard Henry Lee of Virginia By his Grandson Richard Henry Lee, in two volumes 8vo. With a portrait.

Jefferson's Notes on Virginia, one volume, royal 18mo.

Digest of American Reports. In four volumes, royal 8vo. By T. J. Wharton, Esq.

The Scottish Orphans, a Moral Tale, founded on an Historical Fact. Part. II.-Wilder & Campbell.

We understand that Carey & Lea of Philadelphia, have it in contemplation to reprint Sir Astley Cooper's great work on Dislocation and Fractures.

RECENT PUBLICATIONS.

The Life of Andrew Jackson, Major-General in the service of the United States: comprising a History of the War in the South, from the commencement of the Creek Campaign, to the termination of Hostilities before NewOrleans. By John Henry Eaton, Senator of the United States, one volume, 8vo. Illustrated by a fine engraving of the General.

Astronomical Recreations: or Sketches of the Relative Position and Mythological History of the Constellations. Illustrated by a series of coloured plates, one volume, 4to.

Tales of a Traveller. By Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. author of "The Sketch Book.""Bracebridge Hall," "Knickerbocker's New-York," &c. Parts I. II. III. IV. 8vo.

An Inquiry into the Moral Character of Lord Byron. By J. M. Sin

mons.

Trial of James Robertson, on an indictment for Perjury, before the General Sessions of New-York, on Tuesday and Wednesday, the 12th and 13th days of October, 1824. By N. B. Blunt

The Misrepresentations of Anna Braithwaite, in relation to the Doctrines preached by Elias Hicks, together with the Refutation of the same, in a Letter from Elias Hicks to Dr. Atlee of Philadelphia.

Calumny Refuted, or, Plain Facts versus Misrepresentations; being a reply to a pamphlet, entitled, "The Misrepresentations of Anna Braithwaite, in relation to the Doctrines preached by Elias Hicks."

A Letter in Dispute of the Statements of Anna Braithwaite and Elias Hicks, said to have been written by Ann Shipley, reprinted from the New-York Edition, with a Review of the same. Pamphlet, 12mo.

A Catalogue of Minerals, found in the State of Vermont, and in the adjacent states; together with their Localities: including a number of the most interesting minerals, which have been discovered in other parts of the United States, arranged alphabetically. Designed principally for the use of persons who have attended mineralogical lectures, in making collections of specimens. By Frederick Hall, Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, and Lecturer on Mineralogy, in Middleburg College.

An Address to the Republicans and People of New-York, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, upon the state of the Presidential Parties. By a citizen of New-York.

The Theatrical Register, containing Remarks upon the Drama. This Work is published weekly, containing general Theatrical Intelligence,

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