England, among the cotton-cloth workers, made one employer gather up his machinery and start it in this country. A strike in England, among weavers, in 1830, led to the invention of the self-acting loom. A strike among pit sawyers caused the universal introduction of steam-driven saws all over England. This was fortunate for the consumer, not so for the sawyer. A moulder in Louisville struck a man down, and left him dying, for not working for the price he dictated. The bricklayers of New York City, in 1868, made an unprofitable strike. When they did go to work, it was, perhaps, on some gorgeous mansion, an unnecessary store, or an expensive stable. When their work was done many of them went to eat and sleep in a place not fit for a habitation. Striking mechanics seem to forget, they increase the difficulties of employers to get work for them.

A wood-chopper hauls wood to town for $3.00 a cord. Another wood-chopper says to him, let us have $5.00 for a cord, which we can bring about by combining, and not letting boys learn the work. This would lessen the amount of wood, and cause the bricklayers to shiver. The mechanic who would forbid a poor boy from learning a useful trade, has not much feeling, and would make a detestable tyrant. If mechanics will practice the industry and simplicity of the "Zoarites" and "Rappites," "* they can not consume the food nor wear out the clothing they can create. Some can do more than others, and should have more pay. Hugh Miller, in his "School and School-masters,” tells us of a man who asked for some stone-cutting. The foreman said, "Can you hew a column." He replied, "I think I can do it." On Monday he took a chip of his stone, and went a little

Zoar is the name of the village in which the Ohio community live. Jacob Rapp, a German, with his followers, in Beaver Co., Penn., created millions of wealth, in the form of farms, mills, and stores. They are Communists.

distance and looked at it. Tuesday he trifled away. The strange Highlander on Wednesday began to work in earnest. The others ceased to laugh at him. On Thursday, at noon, he was even with them; the laugh side. He had done as much as they had.

his column was done.

do. When paid, he

was on the other On Friday night The others had a hard day's work to said "I can hew a column." Mr. Miller said his uncle could build more stone wall than his two nephews, who worked as hard as they could. This proves that societies can not fix a uniform rate for other's wages. Some have more skill than others.

Some printers earn thirty-five
There are others who endure

Two of the Harpers, in early life, worked sixteen hours a day, which has caused them to own the largest publishing house in this country. Their ambition is to supply us with good and cheap books. cents an hour at their labor. the fierce heat, the bitter cold, and work for twenty cents an hour. There are boys who wish to be earning something. If the Harpers choose to employ these, if they can be taught to do the work, who has the right to interfere. The employing shoe-makers of Linn, and the shop-owning clock-makers of Winstead, work all the unskilled labor they can by a division of labor, which gives to printers and bricklayers cheap shoes and clocks. Why should the men who do the severe work have the least amount of comfort? All men are alike; all should have an equal share of the earth and its comforts.

This fact shows that strikes accomplish nothing. "The Scotch miners' strike was the most extensive and bitterly contested in Scotland. 40,000 men were engaged in it. The loss of wages was $2,500,000. The men have returned to their work under a very gloomy mood and a burning sense of injustice."-London paper, 1856.

English workmen have a way worthy of our imitation. In March, 1849, a few pianoforte makers commenced with a capital of $500. They went on increasing their business, till they were worth $10,000.

In August, 1848, fourteen workmen, with a capital of $550, formed the "Fraternal Association of Working File makers." Their numbers increased to forty-two, and they earned a fifth more than their wages.

In 1843, Mr. Laclere, of France, formed partnerships with his workmen, to save his tools and materials. Among fifty workmen he divided $3,500 in a year, in addition to their wages, which was a fifth.

A furniture factory in Indianapolis, containing an engine and abundant machinery, is owned by nineteen workmen. This shows that changes are made which will be beneficial to the working people. Many different trades are thus carried on in England. To see a number of journeymen shoe-makers or tailors in a town suffering a person to make gains from their labor is a reproach to them.

The poor mechanic and humble laborer often feel humbled, when they contrast their depressed condition with that of the wealthy. Some roll in a splendid carriage, driving helter skelter here and there, while they trudge on foot. Some have a pew in the church, in which to show their silks and satins, and to listen to the sweet tones of the organ, as they reverberate among groined arches, and along fretted aisles. Some are covered with costly laces, silks embroidered with silver and gold, or ermine-trimmed velvets resplendent with jewels. To see a person thus bedizened, putting on a defiant air and a haughty mien, must carry to the mind of that poor widow a sense of great injustice.

The laborer has but one method to rise above his condition, and that is, to leave such people to serve themselves.

By frugality and abstinence from marriage till a start is obtained, a home will be secured. The writer tried to sell his manuscript on labor to six publishers. Not one had the politeness to look at it. After much thought, I purchased $43.00 worth of type. I also purchased a hog at eight cents a pound, which I salted. I bought potatoes at $1.20 for a bushel. They rose in the spring to $2.00. I purchased beans at wholesale prices. Occasionally I had beef and mutton. My winter's daily food cost, with coffee and apples, eighteen cents. A pound of bread sells for ten cents.

A pound of good flour costs six cents, and will make twenty-one ounces of bread, at a cost of four and a half cents a pound. It is the duty of every housewife to use as much flour as possible. Make a batter of eggs, skimmed milk, and flour; ferment it, and bake into pancakes. Have a generous portion left, then put it in a cloth, boil it two or three hours, and serve it very hot for dinner. It is to be eaten with butter, sugar, and honey.

saucer.

Roll out a portion of richly made paste to the diameter of a plate. Roll out six small pieces to the diameter of a On the large piece of paste spread a layer of apple sauce or blackberries; spread this on each layer of paste, and bring the outside layer over the whole mass. Put a plate on the joining place, and it will keep out the water. Boil in a cloth. Half a pound of chopped suet, mixed with a pound of flour in milk, and boiled in a cloth, makes good food, when eaten with honey and butter. Four cents' worth of wheat, pounded wet in a bag till hulled, and boiled in five quarts of milk, with six ounces of sugar, serves four men a meal.

Coarse beef, with one-third of salted pork, finely chopped with hatchets on the end of wood, makes excellent food.

THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT HAS NOT AMELIORATED THE CONDITION OF THE WORKING PEOPLE-IT SHOULD BE CHANGED-IT BENEFITS THE RICH, NOT THE POOR-OPINIONS OF BRISSOT DE WARVILLE-MARQUIS DE CHASTELLUX.

"Ill fares that State, to hastening ills a prey,

Where wealth accumulates and men decay."-GOLDSMITH.

ODWIN, in his "Inquirer," says: "In savage life there is no invidious distinction. There is no one unequal. None are insulted by the sight of insolent wealth and idleness. As soon as the distinction of property exists, created by the labor of tenants and serfs, then there must be a 'power' vested in certain individuals, to compel others to labor for their benefit."

To prove this, we need only to look at the varied dispositions of men; some are good and kind, others are selfish, cruel, and unjust. The benevolent Howard proposed to his wife to visit London. She said, "The £100 it might cost would build a laborer a cottage." The journey was not made. He spent $50,000 in visiting European prisons, trying to get their woes mitigated by their sovereigns. A part of the Roman patricians could find pleasure in gladiatorial shows, where thousands of victims, monthly, must give up their lives, to obtain which provinces were ruined. Some can see others work for the necessaries of life, and not assist them. They would rather contrive schemes to plunder