Citizenship: A Practical Textbook in Community Civics

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Harcourt, Brace, 1923 - 470 頁

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PART II
13
PAGE
17
PROTECTING THE FOOD SUPPLY OF THE COMMUNITY
26
PUBLIC PROVISION FOR RECREATION
45
58
58
2FS
61
PART II
77
PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE
79
PUBLIC SAFETY
80
Why We Are All Interested in Fires
79
A Brief History of FireFighting
80
Why We Have Fires
82
How We Can Prevent Fires
83
How Fires Are Fought
84
Regulations Against Fire Hazard
90
How a Fire Department is Organized
91
How Other Agencies Cooperate
92
Forest Fires
93
Organization of State and Federal Firemen
94
How the Citizen Can Help
96
Guardian and Guide
100
How Police Protection Developed
101
How Policemen Are Trained
102
Branches of the Force
104
CHAPTER PAGE
114
PUBLIC REGULATION OF BUILDINGS
134
THE COMMUNITY WATER SUPPLY
153
LIGHTING AND HEATING
170
CHAPTER PAGE 5 Central Station Heating
179
Public Ownership or Control of Lighting and Heating Plants
181
Administration
183
The Citizens Part
184
DISPOSAL OF COMMUNITY WASTES 1 Are Your Streets Clean?
187
Formerly Communities Were Careless with Wastes
188
Disposal of Wastes Is an Important Matter
189
Street Cleaning
190
Problems of Sewerage
193
Sewage Disposal
196
Collection and Disposal of Refuse
201
Administration
206
Cooperation of Other Departments
208
How the Citizen Can Help
209
PART IV
213
CITY PLANNING 1 Why Should Cities Be Planned?
215
When Cities Grow Unplanned
216
First Steps in City Planning
217
Practical Problems
219
The Civic Centre
225
Providing Recreation Spaces
227
Planning Transportation Facilities
229
Administration
231
Financing City Planning Projects
232
How Citizens Can Help
233
CIVIC BEAUTY 1 Every One Appreciates Pleasant Surroundings
235
Civic Beauty Must Be Planned
236
Civic Architecture
240
The Parks
241
Civic Art
243
Transportation by Water
267
How Citizens Can Cooperate
270
COMMUNICATION 1 What Invention Has Done
273
The Development of the Postal Service
274
The Telegraph and Telephone Service
277
The Newspapers
281
Periodicals
284
Books
285
Public Gatherings
286
How Citizens Can Help
288
PUBLIC REGULATION OF INDUSTRY 1 All Junior Citizens Look Forward to Useful Employment
291
The Problems of Labor
292
Social Insurance
302
Labor Unions
305
Experiments of the Employer
306
Immigration
311
Naturalization
313
Regulation of Labor
314
Regulation of Banking
316
Regulation of Other Business and Certain Professions
319
Regulation of Commerce
321
PART V
325
Why Education Is Necessary
327
Our Public School System
329
CHAPTER PAGE 3 Other Opportunities for Education
335
How the School System is Administered
339
Associations that Cooperate in Promoting Education
341
PART VI
345
PAYING THE COMMUNITYS BILLS 1 What the Community Buys with Its Money
347
Sources of City Income
349
How This Revenue Is Collected
354
How a City Borrows Money
357
Those Who Are Empowered to Spend the Citys Money
358
State Income and Expenditure
359
Federal Income and Expenditure
360
How Citizens Can Cooperate
363
PART VII
367
MAKING THE LAWS 1 Why Laws Are Necessary
369
Our State Laws Affect Us Daily
370
The Citys Legislative Powers
376
How Cities Legislate
377
Our Federal Laws
380
How Citizens Can Help the Law Makers
382
CARRYING OUT THE Laws 1 Why Representatives Carry Out Our Laws
385
Laws Administered by City Executives
386
The Commission Plan
393
The City Manager Plan
397
Where Counties and Cities Coincide
400
CHAPTER PAGE
403
xxii
425
3
433
APPENDIX
441
83
461
21
462
101
464
Police Signal Systems 107 6 Organization and Administration of a Police Force 108 7 How the Police Force Cooperates with Other Departments 110 ...
467
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第 380 頁 - No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 2. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection...
第 380 頁 - ... 2. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety may require it. 3. No bill of attainder, or ex post facto law, shall be passed. 4. No capitation, or other direct tax, shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken.
第 377 頁 - Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.
第 380 頁 - ... 7. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. 8. No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States: and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall, without the consent of the Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign...
第 383 頁 - United States, whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law: but the Congress may by law vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.
第 379 頁 - To exercise exclusive legislation, in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of congress, become the seat of government of the United States...
第 377 頁 - The times, places, and manner of holding elections for senators and representatives, shall be prescribed in each state by the legislature thereof: but the congress may at any time by law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing senators.
第 379 頁 - To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on. the high seas and offences against the law of nations; 11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water; 12. To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years; 13. To provide and maintain a navy; 14.
第 377 頁 - ... Each house shall be the judge of the elections, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner, and under such penalties, as each house may provide. 2. Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and with the concurrence of twothirds, expel a member.
第 379 頁 - States; [2] To borrow money on the credit of the United States; [3] To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; [4] To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies...

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