A Matter of Weeks Rather Than Months: The Impasse Between Harold Wilson and Ian Smith Sanctions, Aborted Settlements and War 1965-1969Trafford Publishing, 2012年8月2日 - 772 頁 Founded on 35 years of research into o the post-1945 Anglo-Rhodesian history, this book complements Richard Wood's The Welensky Papers: A History of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland: 1953-1963 (1983) and So Far and No Further! Rhodesia's bid for independence during the retreat from empire: 1959-1965 (2005). Of So Far, Michael Hartnack wrote that 'Once in a lifetime comes a book which must force a total shift in the thinking person's perception of an epoch, and of all the prominent characters who featured in it.' A Matter of Weeks Rather than Months recounts the action and reaction to Ian Smith's unilateral declaration of Rhodesia's independence, the second such declaration since the American one of 1776. It examines the dilemmas of both sides. Smith's problem was how to legitimise his rebellion to secure crucial investment capital, markets, trade and more. His antagonist, the British Prime Minister, Harold Wilson, was determined not to transfer sovereignty until Rhodesia accepted African majority rule in common with the rest of Africa. Given British feelings for their Rhodesian kith and kin and Rhodesia's landlocked position, Wilson eschewed the use of force. He could only impose sanctions but hoped they would defeat Smith 'in a matter weeks rather than months'. The Rhodesians, however, evaded the sanctions with such success that they forced Wilson to negotiate a settlement. Negotiations were nevertheless doomed because the self-confident Rhodesians would not accept a period of direct British rule while rapid progress to majority rule was made or the imposition of restraints on powers they had possessed since gaining self-government in 1923. In tune with their allies in the African National Congress of South Africa, the Rhodesian or Zimbabwean African nationalists had already adopted the Marxist concept of the 'Armed Struggle' as a means to power. Sponsored by the Communist Bloc, its surrogates and allies, they began a series of armed incursions from their safe haven in Zambia. Although bloodily and easily repulsed, they would learn from their mistakes as the Rhodesian forces would discover in the 1970s. Consequently, this is a tale of sanctions, negotiations and counter-insurgency warfare. |
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... immediately because their Director of Civil Aviation,Peter Athelwold Pennant Rea (fatherof Rupert, the Deputy Governorof theBank ofEngland) had refusedto take orders from the Ministry of Transportand had been suspended. His two ...
... immediately because their Director of Civil Aviation,Peter Athelwold Pennant Rea (fatherof Rupert, the Deputy Governorof theBank ofEngland) had refusedto take orders from the Ministry of Transportand had been suspended. His two ...
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... immediately for settlement talks. The surprised Mitchell asked why Beadle chose London instead ofneutral Malta (Wilson's last minute choice for preUDI talks). Beadle replied because it would be quicker togetto London. Knowing Beadle's ...
... immediately for settlement talks. The surprised Mitchell asked why Beadle chose London instead ofneutral Malta (Wilson's last minute choice for preUDI talks). Beadle replied because it would be quicker togetto London. Knowing Beadle's ...
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... immediately stopped the sale of 36 heavy diesel locomotives to Rhodesia worth £3,570,000. The French wouldban Rhodesian tobacco. The Federal Republic of Germany didlikewise andindicated that itspolicy towardsRhodesia would 'be governed ...
... immediately stopped the sale of 36 heavy diesel locomotives to Rhodesia worth £3,570,000. The French wouldban Rhodesian tobacco. The Federal Republic of Germany didlikewise andindicated that itspolicy towardsRhodesia would 'be governed ...
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... immediately to discusswith Wilson a Commonwealth conference on Rhodesiain Lagoson10 January 1966. Zambia alsodemanded a postponement and convinced Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia to agree on 13 December that a rupture of relations ...
... immediately to discusswith Wilson a Commonwealth conference on Rhodesiain Lagoson10 January 1966. Zambia alsodemanded a postponement and convinced Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia to agree on 13 December that a rupture of relations ...
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... immediately discredit any incoming government. Whenthe moment came,he wanted theBritish tolift the sanctions immediately, show magnanimity towards the whites, reassure allRhodesians, and provide liberal aid to restore the tobacco and ...
... immediately discredit any incoming government. Whenthe moment came,he wanted theBritish tolift the sanctions immediately, show magnanimity towards the whites, reassure allRhodesians, and provide liberal aid to restore the tobacco and ...
內容
A Stay of Execution Harold Wilson and | |
First Contact with a British Minister Herbert | |
Chapter 24George Thomsonand theConsequences of Operation Nickelonthe AngloRhodesian Dialogue | |
The Second Attempt to Settle | |
B J Vorster Chapter 32 The VisitofJames Bottomley and theDecision | |
The Attempt to Salvage the Fearless Agreement | |
TheVisit of GeorgeThomson Chapter 36 Thomsons Returnto Rhodesiaand | |
Chapter 37Marking Time until the Commonwealth Conference The End of George | |
The First Steps | |
Appendix | |
Mandatory Sanctions Chapter 18Now grave actionsmust follow The Adoption of Mandatory Sanctions and NIBMAR | |
Taking Chargeof RhodesiasFuture | |
Endnotes | |
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常見字詞
1961 Constitution African nationalist agreed andthe AngloRhodesian settlement argued Arthur Bottomley asked atthe Beadle’s Beira Bottomley Bowden Britain British Government BSAP Bulawayo bythe Cabinet Commission commitment crossvoting December declared demanded didnot economic election embargo entrenched clauses entrenchment force Gibbs and Beadle Gibbs’s Government House Government’s Governor Greenfield hadbeen hadto Harold Wilson hehad Hennings Herbert Bowden hewas hewould Howman Ian Smith immediately independence before majority interim government inthe issue itwas James Kariba Kaunda LardnerBurke London Lusaka majority African rule majority rule Malcolm MacDonald mandatory sanctions meeting negotiations November ofthe Rhodesian onthe political Portuguese Prime Minister proposed reassured rejected return to legality Rhodesian Front Rhodesian Government Rhodesian security Rhodesian whites roll seats Salisbury Secretary Security Council senate six principles South Africa Southern Rhodesia suggested talks test of acceptability theBritish theRhodesian Tiger tobe tothe Vorster wanted warned Watson Whitehall Wilson withthe wouldbe wouldnot Wright Zambia ZANU ZAPU