20. DAPHNE; flowers pink.

21. DOMINIE SAMSON; flowers marbledblus n. 22. DUCHESS OF BEDFORD; flowers rose-colour. 23. EREBUS; flowers dark red.

24. EUGENIUS; flowers light red or rose.

25. EUROPA; flowers light rose-colour.

26. FLORA; flowers crimson, large.

27. GIL BLAS; flowers light red.

28. GUY MANNERING; flowers blush, large.

29. HANNIBAL; flowers purplish crimson.

30. HARDII (Hybrid); flowers white edged with rose, small and double; form, cupped. Growth, moderate.

31. IRIS; flowers white.

32. IVANHOE; flowers pinkish blush. 33. JAMES'S PURPLE; flowers purple. 34. JOSEPHUS; flowers light yellow. 35. JUNO; flowers red marbled.

36. JUPITER; flowers marbled purple.

37. KING OF SCOTS; flowers rosy purple.

38. LA CENAMONE; (Hybrid) flowers pure white, large and very sweet; form, compact; not globular, as in others of this group.

39. LA NIEGE; flowers pure white.

40. LADY BAILLIE; flowers pale straw-colour.

41. LADY BANKS; flowers blush red.

42. LADY FINCH HATTON; flowers crimson, semi-double.

43. LADY ROLLO; flowers lilac.

44. MANETTE; (Hybrid) flowers deep pink, changing to rosy lilac, of medium size, full; form, compact. Growth, moderate.

45. MARCHIONESS OF LANSDOWNE; flowers sulphur-colour.

46. MARY STUART; flowers yellow.

47. MEG MERRILIES; flowers red.

48. MIDAS; flowers dark red.

49. MRS. CRAIGIE; flowers blush.

50. MRS. HAMILTON; flowers blush purple.

51. MRS. HAY; flowers straw-colour.

52. MRS. M. STIRLING; flowers dark velvety red, fine.

53. MOZART; flowers blush.

54. NEPTUNE; flowers fine dark red.

55. PAINTED LADY; (Hybrid) flowers white, sometimes striped with red; large;

the marking inconstant.

56. PALESTINE; flowers blush.

57. PARIS; flowers dark red or rose.

58. PLATO; flowers purplish red.

59. PRINCESS; flowers blush white.

60. PRINCESS ELIZABETH; flowers bright pink. 61. PROSERPINE; flowers pale pink.

62. PURPUREA; flowers purplish red.

63. PYTHAGORAS; flowers marbled red or rose.

64. QUEEN OF MAY; flowers bright pink. 65. SATURNIA; flowers white.

66. SAXONIA; flowers pale rose.

67. SERGIA; flowers purple.

68. SHAKSPEARE; flowers deep red.

69. SOCRATES; flowers striped blush.

70. SULPHUREA; flowers straw-coloured.

71. TRUE YELLOW; (Hybrid) flowers pale yellow when first expanding, dying off creamy white.

72. VENUS; flowers dark rose.

73. VICTORIA; (Hybrid) flowers dark red and rose shaded, double; form expanded. Growth, moderate.

74. VISCOUNTESS OF STRATHALLAN; flowers blush.

75. WAVERLEY; flowers red.

76. WILLIAM THE IV.; flowers white, large.

ROSA DAMASCENA.

GROUP IV. THE DAMASK ROSE.

IN common parlance, all dark Roses are termed Damask, probably from the first dark varieties having borne this name. But this is erroneous. There are dark Roses belonging to almost every group; and there are Damask Roses of various colours: some are white. The Damask are readily distinguished from others by a robustness of growth, in conjunction with rough, spinous shoots, and downy, coriaceous leaves of a light green colour. Owing to this latter feature, they present a striking contrast when introduced among other groups. The flowers are mostly of fair size; some are large, and all are showy. Belonging here are some very pretty pink Roses, with a delicate tint of salmon pervading the flowers, rendering them alike distinct and beautiful.

But

The Damask Rose is allowed to be of great antiquity. Some suppose it to be of this Virgil speaks in the Georgics and elsewhere. It is generally believed that it was first introduced from Syria, and brought to England in 1573. Johnson, in "The History of Gardening," says, "The learned Linacre, who died in 1524, first introduced the Damask Rose from Italy." Who will fight the battle? We must not pause to do so. Wherever the truth may lie, it is evident that it has been cultivated in England for a great length of time; and it affords a singularly striking example of the treasures Nature's plants are capable of yielding

beneath the hand of the industrious cultivator; of the power given unto man to improve by his labour the races of the vegetable world. For two hundred years this Rose underwent but little change; but modern Rose-growers have improved and varied it to such a degree, that the favourites of so long standing are threatened with oblivion. They exist, it is true, but are rarely met with. It would seem that the Damask Rose was known to the English as existing in foreign countries before they cultivated it in their own. We have previously

stated that we believe this to be the Red Rose of the Lancastrians.

The Damask Roses are very hardy, thriving well either as standards or dwarfs. They do not form compact-headed trees, but their growth is graceful; rather more rambling than that of the French Roses. They flower abundantly in some instances the flowers rest among the leaves and branches which surround them; in others they are elevated above. It is chiefly from the petals of this species, in common with those of the Provence (R. CENTIFOLIA), that Rose-water is distilled. Acres of Roses are grown in some parts of the country expressly for the purpose.

1. ADMIRABLE BLANC BORDÉ DE ROUGE; flowers white, sometimes a little greenish, usually edged with rose; of medium size, full; not expanding well at all times. Habit, branching; growth, vigorous.

2. AIMÉE LIENTOT; flowers bright rose, large and full.

3. ALINE; flowers white, inclining to flesh-colour; of medium size, full. Intro

duced in 1846.

4. ANGELE; flowers light carmine, very large and very double; of compact form. 5. ANTIGONE; flowers of a vivid rose-colour, large and double.

6. ARLINDE; flowers rosy blush, large, and full; form, cupped, delicately beautiful. Habit, erect; growth, moderate.

7. BACHELIER; flowers vivid salmon pink; of medium size, full; form, compact, (Bachelor Beck) perfect. Habit, branching. Growth, moderate. A beautiful Rose. 8. BELLA DONNA; flowers soft lilac pink, large and double; form, expanded. Habit, branching; growth, moderate.

9. BELLE D'AUTIEL; flowers rosy lilac, large and full; form, globular. Habit, branching; growth, robust. The leaflets are very short and round, forming a fine foliage.

10. BELLE MACONNAISE; flowers pale pink, shaded, large and double; form,

compact.

11. BLANCHETTE; flowers white; of medium size, full. Introduced in 1845. 12. BLANCHE DAVILLIERS; flowers creamy white; of medium size, full; form, expanded. Habit, erect; growth, moderate. A very abundant flowering Rose.

13. BLANCHE HOCÉDÉ; flowers white; of medium size, double.

14. BOUVET; flowers brilliant purplish rose; of medium size, full; form, expanded. Habit, erect; growth, vigorous. A very good Rose.

15. CALYPSO; flowers rosy blush, paler towards their circumference, very large

and full; form, cupped. Habit, branching; growth, robust. One

of the largest of Roses, and one of the coarsest.

16. CANDIDE; flowers rosy lilac; of medium size, full.

17. CARDINAL D'AMBOISE; flowers lively pink, paler towards their circumference; of medium size, full; form, expanded. Habit, branching; growth, moderate. A good and distinct Rose.

18. CELS À FLEURS PLEINES; flowers blush, very large and full; coarse. 19. CESONIE; flowers dark rose, large and full; form, compact.

20. CHATEAUBRIAND; flowers reddish purple; of medium size, full; form, cupped.

21. CLARISSE HARLOWE; flowers pale flesh; of medium size, full; form, cupped. 22. COLONEL BONNAIRE; flowers reddish crimson, large and very double; form,

compact.

23. CORALIE; flowers soft blush, bright flesh in their centre; of medium size, full; form, cupped. Habit, pendulous; growth, moderate. Closely resembles Déeseflore.

24. DÉESEFLORE; flowers almost white, their centre rosy pink; of medium or small size, full; form, expanded. Habit, branching; growth, moderate. An abundant bloomer: the tree very beautiful when in full bloom.

25. DÉLICES DE FLORE; flowers rose tinged with flesh colour, bright and pretty; of medium size, full.

26. DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE; flowers deep purplish rose, large and full; form, compact, perfect. Foliage of a dark green, the young leaves edged with reddish brown. Habit, branching; growth, robust.

EBENE; see Damask Perpetuals, Group XXVIII.

27. EUDOXIE; flowers vivid rose, of a rosy lilac tint towards their circumference, large and double; form, cupped. Habit, branching; growth, vigorous; the shoots densely covered with spines. A very showy Rose.

28. ELISE D'HENNING; flowers pure white; of medium size, full; form, cupped, perfect. Habit, branching; growth, moderate, with rather slender wood.

29. ELISE VOIART; flowers crimson purple, of medium size; form, cupped. 30. ELVIRE; flowers rosy pink, their centre often yellowish; of medium size, full; form, compact. Habit, erect; growth, moderate. FEROX; see La Féroce.

31. FRANÇOIS JONGLOUR; flowers rose-coloured; of medium size, full.

32. Gabrielle d'ESTRÉES; flowers white, of a roseate tint towards their circumference; of medium size, full. Introduced in 1845. Raised at Angers. 33. GLYCERE; flowers light vivid rose; of medium size, full.

GRAND EDOUARD; see La Soyeuse.

HELVETIUS; see Group VIII. The French Rose.

34. IMPÉRATRICE DE FRANCE; flowers pink, veined with deep rose, and shaded with blush; of medium size, very double; form, expanded. Habit, branching; growth, robust; shoots, very spinous; foliage, large and fine.

35. ISALINE; flowers soft lilac blush, beautifully shaded with salmon pink, sometimes altogether of a rosy pink or rosy salmon colour; of medium size, full; form, cupped, perfect. Habit, branching; growth, moderate.

36. ISMÈNE; flowers delicate flesh-colour, large and full. Introduced in 1845. 37. LA CHÉRIE; flowers flesh-colour, their centre salmon pink; form, cupped. 38. LA CONSTANCE; flowers bright rose, their circumference blush; very large (Pæoniflora) and full; form, expanded: resembles a Poony; hence called by some, Rosa Pooniflora. Habit, branching; growth, robust. Very showy, but coarse.

39. LA DÉLICATESSE; flowers white, tinted with rose; of medium size, full; form, cupped.

40. LA FEROCE; flowers rose, very large and full; branches, close-set with (Ferox) spines. Habit, erect; growth, robust.

41. LADY CAMPBELL; flowers French white, large and very double; of globular

form.

42. LADY FITZGERALD; flowers rich rosy crimson; of medium size, full; form, cupped. A good seed-bearer. Habit, branching; growth, moderate. Showy.

43. LA GRACIEUSE; flowers deep pink, inclining to blush soon after expanding; of medium size, full; form, compact. Habit, branching; growth, moderate. Blooms occasionally in the autumn; wherefore some class it as a Damask Perpetual.

44. LA MÈRE DE FAMILLE; flowers light rose; of medium size, full; form,

compact.

45. LA NÉGRESSE; flowers dark clouded purple; of medium size, full; form, expanded. Habit, branching; growth, small. A neat dark Rose,

and the darkest of the Damask. Raised at Angers. Introduced in 1842.

46. LA SOYEUSE; flowers rosy lilac, very lively in colour in bud, large and full; (Grand Edouard) form, cupped. Habit, branching; growth, moderate. 47. LA TENDRESSE; flowers rose colour.

48. LAVALETTE; flowers rose; of medium size, full.

49. LA VILLE DE BRUXELLES; flowers light vivid rose, the colour gradually receding from their centre, leaving the edges of a rosy blush; large and full; form, expanded. Habit, branching; growth, vigorous. A beautiful Rose.

50. LEDA; flowers blush, tinged with flesh, the petals often margined with lake; (Painted Damask) of medium size, full; form, expanded. Habit, branching;