1. AMADIS; flowers deep crimson purple, shaded more or less with vivid crim(Crimson) son, large and semi-double; form, cupped. Habit, erect; growth, vigorous; the young wood of a whitish green. A showy rose; one of the best of the group.

2. BLUSH BOURSAULT; flowers blush, their centre deep flesh, very large and very (Calypso) double; form, globular. Habit, pendulous; growth, vigorous, the plant (De l'Isle) holding its leaves longer than others of the group. Exceedingly rich (Florida) as a climbing Rose when planted in a good aspect, which it requires (White) to develop its flowers in full beauty. Apparently a hybrid between the Boursault and Chinese, possessing the climbing habit of the former group.

CALYPSO; see Blush Boursault.

CRIMSON; see Amadis.

DE L'ISLE; see Blush Boursault.

3. DRUMMOND'S THORNLESS; flowers rosy carmine when first opening, changing to pink; large and semi-double; form, cupped. Habit, pendulous; growth, vigorous.

4. ELEGANS; flowers rosy crimson, sometimes purplish; often streaked with white; produced in very large clusters; of medium size, semi-double; form, expanded. Habit, erect; growth, vigorous. A very showy pillar Rose. Continues a long time in flower, owing to the large trusses it produces, bearing buds in different stages of forwardness.

FLORIDA; see Blush Boursault.

5. GRACILIS; flowers lively cherry, shaded with lilac blush, of medium size, full; form, cupped, perfect. Habit, branching; growth, vigorous. Prickles singularly large and long; foliage of a rich dark green, the variety evidently being a hybrid.

6. INERMIS; flowers rosy pink, changing to pale pink soon after expanding; large and double; form, expanded. Habit, branching; growth, vigorous; shoots, spineless.

7. OLD or RED BOURSAULT; flowers bright cherry when first opening, gradually becoming paler; large and semi-double; form, expanded. Habit, pendulous; growth, vigorous. A showy pillar or weeping Rose. The original Boursault Rose.

WHITE BOURSAULT; see Blush Boursault.

ROSA SULPHUREA.

GROUP II.-THE DOUBLE YELLOW ROSE.

THIS Rose may be distinguished by its flat glaucous leaves, usually of a pale or yellowish green. The vigorous shoots grow erect, the weaker ones rather twisted, and both are covered with long thin prickles.

It is generally allowed to be a native of Persia, first introduced to England. (Div. II.)

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from Constantinople. It is notorious for refusing to expand its blossoms, and has been the subject of much discussion. It was apparently unfavourably known two hundred years ago. John Parkinson, who wrote on Gardening early in the seventeenth century, says of it: “The flower is so thick and double, that very often it breaketh out on one side or another, but few of them abiding whole and fair in our country." As he does not give us any means of remedying the defect, we may presume that that was a puzzle to him which still remains so to us. At least, if we can advance a reasonable supposition as to the cause, we have not yet been able to provide a remedy. The methods of treatment and aspects which different writers have recommended, to induce this capricious plant to flower, are very various; but all seems of little use. Different aspects have been chosen, and different modes of culture followed; but what has succeeded in the hands of one individual, has, in like situations and circumstances, failed in the hands of another.

In the first volume of the Gardener's Chronicle (1841), the Editor invites his correspondents to a discussion on this plant; and, at p. 811, winds up the subject with a leading article. It is there remarked :—

"In what aspect it most flourishes may perhaps be gathered from this, that in ten cases success is connected with an east aspect, in eight with a north, in seven with a west, in six with full exposure all round, and in only one case is the south spoken of: this, however, is by W. Leveson Gower, Esq., whose Roses at Titsey, near Godstone, are well known for their beauty; and this gentleman finds them do better there than on a north or west wall.

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"Nothing can be more conflicting than the evidence about soil. The majority of cases of success occur in light land, gravelly, sandy, loamy, and even marly. But, on the other hand, we have some instances of success in the stiffest land. Mr. Bowers, of Laleham, grew it in Northamptonshire, in cold_clay, 20 inches deep; an anonymous correspondent asserts that he has had it in the greatest perfection in the blue clay of Essex, and that he has never known it to fail when it was put into clay in a north aspect; and another writer testifies to success in strong, wet, undrained clay, in the same county."

The Double Yellow Rose certainly is very beautiful when perfect; and could any system of cultivation be divulged, which, followed, would ensure a successful issue, I should consider pages well occupied in doing so. But although my anticipations are not thus sanguine, the subject yet deserves a little consideration.

Some have said, Grow it on its own roots; others, Bud it on the Dog-Rose; and others, again, Bud it on the Chinese. At East Lodge, on Enfield Chase, the seat of the late Hon. Mrs. Elphinstone, there was a plant on its own roots, growing at a distance of about ten yards from a wall with a north-eastern aspect. It here produced its beautiful yellow blossoms abundantly, covering the bush on all sides, during the flowering season, for several successive years. This situation is high and exposed: the soil is naturally a heavy loam, but was somewhat lightened and enriched by the frequent addition of stable manure.

In certain districts of Suffolk, in Sussex, and in the Isle of Wight, it is said to bloom well generally.

I am informed by a friend, a great Rose amateur, that at Ballater, in Scotland, both this and the Austrian Rose flower beautifully. He has seen them there growing most luxuriantly, in a very exposed situation, covering a wall of great height and extent, laden with perfect flowers.

Mr. Cunningham of Edinburgh informs me that there is a plant on a south wall in that neighbourhood which flowers to perfection every year. The main stem and branches are as large as those of a Pear-tree, and bushels of flowers might be gathered from them in the season.

In these Nurseries the plant to which allusion is made in the First Division of this work was grown on its own roots, trained to a west wall, where it flowered constantly and well. The soil in which it grew was originally a heavy loam; but having been occupied as garden ground for a century or two, it presents more the appearance of black garden mould. The sub-soil is gravel.

In some parts of Italy perfect flowers are produced with so much certainty, that it is cultivated as a market-plant; and it is often met with in the markets in various parts of France.

I think one thing is tolerably clear: our climate generally is not suited for its cultivation; and this presents a difficulty not easily overcome. Locality is evidently of vast importance; and a locality with a pure dry atmosphere is preferable to any other. In dry, mild seasons it has flowered in its favourite haunts in England better than at other times; and then in places where, in less favourable seasons, it would not flower. I have never heard of its flowering near London, or in the immediate neighbourhood of any large manufacturing town. There we may plant it; but no one can say whether it will ever produce perfect blossoms or not. The fact of its doing so, is an anomaly—rather the exception than the rule. Notwithstanding this, its beauty, when perfect, tempts many to cultivate it: and let us consider the most reasonable means of obtaining success. I believe one point has been too much overlooked, both by cultivators and writers on this subject the general health of the plant. Let the cultivator procure, in the first instance, a healthy and vigorous plant, and, if possible, keep it in a healthy condition. It must be borne in mind, however, that it is possible to produce an overgrowth : a moderate course is best. Do not tempt it to grow too exuberantly, nor suffer it to dwindle, producing shoots resembling weak straws. Half the plants which I have seen have been in this latter condition, unhealthy, debilitated, literally starved, and often swarming with insects. Can such be expected to develop perfect flowers? This state of things may answer (barring the insects), applied to some varieties, whose flowers are too full to expand under ordinary cir cumstances: indeed it does answer; but it will not do so in this instance. I would advise all who desire to cultivate the Double Yellow Rose to plant it on a border with an eastern or western aspect; not training it to a wall, but growing it as a round bush. Let the locality be airy, the soil rather heavy, and tolerably rich. So soon as the buds break, set a watch over the plant to keep it free from

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the insects which almost invariably infest it, and which may be done by brushing them off into the hand, or syringing with tobacco-water. When the flower-buds are forming, have an eye to their growth; if weakly, or seeming likely to become so, water the plant twice or thrice a week with a solution of guano, using about two ounces to a gallon of pond or rain-water. As soon as the flowering season is past, remove some of the shoots, if they have been produced in such number as to crowd each other, when those suffered to remain will become thoroughly matured by fuller exposure to sun and air. By this procedure one grand point is gained the formation of wood in the most favourable condition for the production of perfect flowers. In March the plant may be pruned, but very little: on the weak shoots, five or six eyes should be left; on the strong ones, from six to nine eyes.

It is only by the recent introduction of the Persian Yellow Rose that we have become, in some measure, indifferent to the possession of the old double Yellow; the former, though not of equal beauty, being yet a free and tolerably certain bloomer.

There is but one other variety in this group that has been introduced to British gardens-Sulphurea Minor, or Pompon Jaune. It is of dwarf habit, with smaller flowers, which have, I believe, never been perfected in this country. 1. DOUBLE YELLOW, or SULPHUREA; flowers of the deepest and brightest yellow found among Roses, very large and full; rarely expand well; form, globular. Habit, branching; growth, moderate, or sometimes vigorous.

2. MINOR, OF POMPON JAUNE; flowers bright yellow, small, and double; form, globular. Habit, dwarf.

ROSA SPINOSISSIMA.

GROUP III. THE SCOTCH ROSE.

WELL has this Rose been named "Spinosissima," for it is indeed the most spiny of all Roses, and the spines are as sharp as they are plentiful. They are far more so than they seem to be; and a word of caution here may save the tyro an unpleasant greeting. The Scotch Rose is a native species, growing plentifully in many parts of Britain. I have somewhere read or heard it stated, that the first double Scotch Roses were raised from seed by Mr. Brown, a Nurseryman at Perth. It is from that part many of our finest varieties have issued, and varieties have been exceedingly numerous; for they seed so abundantly, and the seed vegetates so freely, that there is no difficulty in raising seedlings. But with English amateurs they are not popular; why, I do not know, except it arise from the short duration of their flowers.

They all form compact bushes, being usually grown as such, for they are not well adapted for standards. They flower abundantly, and early in the season.

The flowers are small and globular; many of them, as they hang on the bush, looking like little balls. I recollect being much struck with a stand of these Roses brought to one of the Horticultural exhibitions in May. The season was an early and a genial one, and they were produced in great beauty.

Scotch Roses are in character planted as a hedge round a Rosarium, where such may be required: a bank of Scotch Roses I should also conceive to produce a good effect. They like a pure air-and indeed what Roses do not?-but will grow almost anywhere."

When plants of the Scotch Rose become established in the soil, the stems push laterally under ground, often rising to the surface at a considerable distance from the plant. These are called suckers, and are separated from the mother plant to form new plants; and thus is the Scotch Rose propagated. It is not easy to confound this with any other group, the spines are so thickly set on the stems. The growth is dwarf. The flowers are mostly small, double, and globular in form, possessed of a peculiarly grateful fragrance. The plants

resemble each other so nearly in every respect, that it seems only necessary to affix the colours.

There are some hybrids of this group well worthy of cultivation : the Perpetual Scotch and Stanwell, which bloom both in summer and autumn, are the most remarkable.

1. ACASTO; flowers blush purple.

2. ADELAIDE; flowers red, large.

3. AIMABLE ETRANGÈRE; (Hybrid) flowers pure white.

4. AIMABLE ROSETTE; flowers red or rose.

5. ALEMINA; flowers light purple, striped.

6. AMBUCHELET; flowers rosy lilac.

7. APOLLO; flowers purplish red.

8. ARGO; flowers light red.

9. ARTERRESEA; flowers blush purple marbled.

10. Æsop; flowers red and purple striped.

11. ATHOL; flowers blush.

12. BELLONA; flowers light red.

13. BLANDA; flowers pale red marbled.

14. CALISTA; flowers white.

15. COUNTESS OF BREADALBANE; flowers rosy purple.

16. COUNTESS OF GLASGOW; flowers deep purple.

17. COUNTESS OF KINNOUL; flowers purple.

18. COUNTESS OF STRATHALLAN; see Viscountess of Strathallan.

19. CUPID; flowers purple.

* I recollect once meeting with a plant at Garth Point, North Wales, which had fastened itself in the crevice of a bare rock, where it not only lived, but flourished. It was solitary: no