INVERTED COMMAS. 44. A Quotation is said to be direct when the exact words are given; it is said to be indirect when the substance is given, but not the exact words; thus : Turn the direct quotations into indirect. Johnson said 'I am a very fair judge.' 'I doubt the story' observed had in my mind' answered the That is false' we all shouted. man to me. 'You must be a Mrs. Beckett. 'That was not quite what I widow. I am very tired' added Mr. Brown. 'You must be a born fool' shouted the old born fool' shouted the old man to her. You must be born fools' shouted the old man to us. 'Our host is an inferior person' he remarked. 'Are you better?' enquired she. Someone asked 'Do you mean to stay till tomorrow.' 'Little kitten' I say, 'just an hour you may stay.' 'I'll have that mouse' said the bigger cat. Bun replied 'You are doubtless very big.' 45. A direct quotation always begins with a capital letter, and is placed within inverted commas, thus: But his little daughter whispered, As she shook his icy hand, 'Isn't God upon the ocean, Just the same as on the land ? ' 46. The titles of books are generally placed within inverted commas, thus :— Defoe wrote 'Robinson Crusoe.' Thackeray is the author of Vanity Fair,' Pendennis,' Esmond,' 'The Newcomes,' and other novels. 47. Some printers place quotations within double commas; thus, The man said "Where are you going?" Exercise 40. Place all direct quotations within inverted commas. Oh Charley, this is too absurd ejaculated Mrs. Beckett. Why, Mr. Paton must be going mad exclaimed Mrs. Beckett. Oh dear dear! I can indeed gasped the widow. The butler announced Major and Mrs. Wellington de Boots. You will give my love to your mother when you write said Mary warmly. He smiled as though he were thinking I have it not to give. The elder replied I was, as usual, unfortunate. How naughty he is said his mother. Do you understand the language of flowers? enquired Uncle Ralph. Why, that is lightning exclaimed the knight. Juan replied Not while this arm is free. He thought The boy will be here soon. Tom broke in with You do not know whom I mean. He will soon be back continued Mr. Brooke. Remember the proverb Small strokes fell great oaks. Provoking scoundrel muttered the antiquary. Out with those boats and let us haste away cried one. Hearts of oak! our captains cried. Shoot, if you must, this old grey head, Who touches a hair of yon grey head Dies like a dog. March on he said. He woke to hear his sentries shriek To arms! They come! The Greek! The Greek! Out spake the victor then, As he hailed them o'er the wave, Ye are brothers! ye are men! And we conquer but to save. 48. Sometimes, in the course of a quotation, words are inserted which form no part of the quotation; thus, 'Out with those boats and let us haste away' In such cases every separate part of the quotation is marked off by inverted commas. A capital letter is placed only at the beginning of the quotation, or after a full stop. Exercise 41. Place all direct quotations within inverted commas. I cannot tell you that replied the young man; it would not be fair to others. It was not answered the other; your house has always seemed like home. But, surely, argued the widow it must be a comfort to feel that. In the meantime said Edgar I will write to you. A common rose, said Uncle Ralph, like common sense and common honesty, is not so very common. Poor faithful old doggie! murmured Mrs. Currie, he thought Tacks was a burglar. Capital house dog! murmured the colonel; I shall never forget how he made poor Heavisides run. Cloudy, sir, said the colonel, cloudy; rain before morning, I think. I don't see the dog I began; I suppose you found him all right, the other evening. Oh, uncle, pleaded Lilian; don't talk like that. 49. A quotation which occurs within a quotation is marked by double inverted commas; thus, Miriam sang 'The enemy said "I will pursue, I will overtake, I will divide the spoil."' 50. When double inverted commas are used for an ordinary quotation, a quotation within a quotation is marked by single inverted commas; thus, Miriam sang "The enemy said 'I will pursue, I will overtake. I will divide the spoil.'" Exercise 42. Place all direct quotations within inverted commas. Say What do you want, Master Reed? was the answer. Mr. Brocklehurst said When I ask him which he would rather have, a gingerbread nut to eat or a verse of a Psalm to learn he says Oh the verse of a Psalm: angels sing Psalms. He continued, On her return she exclaimed Oh, dear Papa, how quiet and plain all the girls at Lowood look. I shall remember I said how you thrust me back though I cried out Have mercy! Have mercy, Aunt Reed. The father said Remember the proverb Keep not evil men company lest you increase the number. But said the lecturer you must note the words of Shakespeare Spirits are not finely touched But to fine issues. The teacher asked In what play do the words All the world's a stage occur? My sister writes in her last letter Will you please get me a copy of the song Tell me, my heart. In a poem on Dr. South preaching before Charles II. we read The doctor stopped, began to call, Pray wake the Earl of Lauderdale Exercise 43. [On all stops.] Insert the necessary stops and capital letters. a. Mr. Rich had much money and little politeness he thought it beneath him to be civil to those whom he called the common people one wet day he was driving in his gig along a turnpike road when he came to the toll gate he called out what's to pay eightpence if you please sir said the keeper Mr. Rich instead of handing the money rudely flung a shilling on the muddy ground and cried there take your change out of that the keeper stooped for the silver and picked it up then placing four pennies exactly on the same spot he coolly walked back into his cottage. b. The statement is beyond doubt true. They set out and in a few hours arrived at their father's. We live in an old beautiful and interesting town. Sir I believe you. He is guilty of the vice of cowards falsehood. The horse tired with the long gallop could go no further. Yes I am coming. Nay you are wrong. Philosophers assert that nature is unlimited in her operations that she has inexhaustible treasures in reserve that knowledge will always be progressive and that all future generations will continue to make discoveries of which we have not the least idea. The pride of wealth is con temptible the pride of learning is pitiable the pride of dignity is ridiculous but the pride of bigotry is insupportable. How honourable the pursuits of the good man. Nevertheless strange stories got about. In a few days his lordship's town house was observed to be on fire. Give me Master Zimmermann a sympathetic solitude. The chief must be colonel his uncle or his brother must be major, the tacksmen must be the captains. On his tomb was the inscription Here lies an honest man. The man having slipped fell over the cliff. The general having rallied his soldiers led them forward. The soldier afraid to meet his punishment deserted. Nelson's last signal was England expects every man to do his duty. He was a wealthy prudent active and kind man. When you have finished your work you may go home. Hope the balm of life soothes us under every misfortune. Truth freedom and virtue are the noblest possessions. Thou art he but ah how fallen. The Lord said unto Satan Whence comest thou. Is this the grey-haired wanderer mildly said The voice which we so lately overheard ? Hark 'tis the twanging horn. O what a fall was there my countrymen Oh why has worth so short a date These ordinances therefore were never carried into full execution. Such inquiry according to him was out of their province. The conflict was terrible it it was the combat of despair against grief and rage. Old and young rich and poor wise and foolish were involved in the ruin. Confess them with an humble lowly penitent and obedient heart. Who can tell the number of the stars Try not the pass the old man said. Oh stay the maiden said and rest. Nathan said unto David Thou art the man. England with all thy faults I love thee still. Human happiness has always its abatements. The brightest sunshine of success is not without a cloud. I forget whether advice be among the lost things which Ariosto says may be found in the moon that and time ought to have been there. It arises in part at least from the same cause. Change says Hooker is not without inconvenience even from good to better. This also had been inspected by Todd. Charge Chester charge on Stanley on Oh that I had wings like a dove Can you come with me to-morrow Any news from home E |