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1919

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HERE

ERE is the story of how Delaware County, Indiana, got good roads, as told by the County Surveyor. Everyone interested in good roads should read it.

"Our first Tarvia road was built in 1914. Between 1914 and 1918 we constructed sixteen streets and roads, with a total area of about 2,880,000 square feet.

"Some of these are main streets in the city of Muncie, others are main roads subject to heavy traffic, while others replaced low-lying gravel roads that used to wash-out at every overflow of the river.

Every Tarvia road and street in Del-
aware County has given uniform satisfac-
tion.

No repairs have been necessary.
"Our so-called 'hard' roads, built of
brick or concrete are often claimed as
permanent construction, but we have in
this county brick roads and streets built
less than a decade ago that are almost
impassable and must soon be rebuilt.
New material will be required because
the old brick cannot be used again.

"On the other hand, when a Tarvia
road wears, a little stone is added,
Tarvia is applied, and the road is as
good as, or better than, new.

"With proper maintenance, our Tarvia roads will last ten to twenty years. The cost of maintenance will be small and the entire road can be rebuilt at less than half the cost of a brick pavement.

Tarvia

Preserves Roads-Prevents Dust

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Vanguard of fleet of 38 Liberty Trucks passing through Oakville, Delaware County, Ind., in August, 1918, over Tarvia Road built in 1916. Note perfect condition of road after two years of hard service.

"Considering the various types of road from a purely financial standpoint, one does not need to be skilled in higher mathematics to arrive at the correct answer." (Signed) S. Horace Weber, County Surveyor

Tarvia is a coal-tar preparation for use in constructing new macadam roads or repairing old ones. It reinforces the road surface and makes it not only mudless and dustless, but also water-proof, frost-proof and automobile-proof. A few Tarvia Roads in any community will add to property values and reduce taxes.

Illustrated Tarvia Booklet free on request.

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The ARCO WAND Vacuum Cleaner is a permanent, valuable improvement to any property. It is always and instantly ready for cleaning carpets, rugs, mattresses, curtains, upholstery, clothes, etc. Makes help easier to get and easier to keep. Costs about a penny a day for current. The dust and dirt are piped away into the sealed dust bucket of the machine.

Easily put in any building, Old or new

Prices reduced 20% to quicken buying

The ARCO WAND Vacuum Cleaner is sold by dealers everywhere. Terms of partial payments may be arranged at your convenience.

Send today for an illustrated catalog, "The ARCO WAND,"
which fully illustrates and describes its many labor-saving uses

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Machine is set in basement or side room. A suction pipe runs to each floor. ARCO WAND Vacuum Cleaners, hose, and tools are sold by all Heating and Plumbing Trade.

T is easier to be well than to be sick when you learn how. When you learn to daily build your vitality, disease germs, grippe and cold have little effect upon you. Be free from nagging ailments! Weigh what you should weigh! Have a good figure! Be happy! Enjoy life! Be a source of inspiration to your friends. In other words, LIVE. As sure as sunrise

You can weigh exactly what you should

by following a few simple, healthful directions at home. I KNOW it, for what I have done for 87,000 women I can do for you. Are you too fleshy? Are you too thin? Does your figure displease you? Let me help you.

I want to help you to realize that your health lies almost entirely in your own

hands and that you can reach your ideal in figure and poise.

My work has grown in favor because results are quick, natural and permanent, and because it appeals to COMMON SENSE.

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THE THRIFT MOVEMENT

I note with interest your article on "Thrift Insurance" in the March 5 issue of The Outlook. I believe thrift is as necessary in peace times as in war. The war has shown some things we can do along savings lines some things we never dreamed possible. Various agencies organized to improve citizenship standards will doubtless keep the thrift message before the people after the Government loan campaigns are over.

This subject of perpetuating the thrift impulse is the very problem which a group of New York bankers and business men, known as the Thrift Committee of the Industrial Department, International Young Men's Christian Association, is organized to assist to a solution. The programme, as designed, is calculated to help men in industry to think straight about their money matters in the realm of earning, spending, saving, investing, giving. The machinery which it uses to accomplish this purpose has proved very successful.

The Y. M. C. A. has found it practical (1) to promote savings clubs in the big industrial concerns; (2) to teach men the necessity of making family budgets, keeping records of expenditures, and proportional division of the income, by thrift exhibits, advertising campaigns, educational classes, shop talks, and stereopticon lectures; (3) to conduct home buying and beautifying campaigns; (4) to celebrate thrift week; (5) to co-operate with banks and insurance firms in getting men to open savings accounts and take out insurance; (6) to cash pay checks, open accounts for men, deposit money, assist in making investments; (7) to give vocational advice and assistance.

Savings clubs have proved a very valuable machine in promoting saving and investing. These clubs have also been useful as a nucleus to promote thrift educational work by exhibits, debates, discussions, etc., work out family budgets, study marketing and purchasing value, and interest other industrial centers in a like programme.

Results have proved both the hypothesis and the practicality of the programme. The Y. M. C. A., in order that its slogan "to meet the needs of men" might be really true, has made the economic programme the fifth part of its fivefold programme. Many other big institutions have felt compelled to include this factor in their programmes. And the indorsement of big business men like Mr. E. C. Delafield, of the Franklin Trust Company; Irving T. Bush, of the Bush Terminal Company, of Brooklyn, New York; Colgate Hoyt, of Colgate Hoyt & Co.; J. S. Alexander, of the National Bank of Commerce, and many others, bears eloquent and complete testimony to the good and the efficiency accomplished by the Thrift Department's efforts.

It is neither the object nor the desire of the Y. M. C. A.'s Thrift Department to assist men to the acquisition of fortunes. To teach a man to live safely, sanely, and happily within his income and at the same time paddle the canoe of his abilities and earning capacity up the stream of success is the sole purpose. The resulting betterment in the fiber of our citizenship will not only help the Nation and the individual in a time of special need, but constitute both the glory and the satisfaction of the Industrial Department of the International Young Men's Christian AssociaADOLPH LEWISOHN.

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tion.

New York City.

1919

APPERSON

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WALT WHITMAN

1819-1919

BY EDNA DAVIS ROMIG

N May 31 a hundred years will have elapsed since the birth of Walt Whitman. He is to-day quite as important a figure in American literature as he was when he died, in 1892. His recognition is not based, therefore, on personal or literary eccentricity, but on solid worth.

President Lincoln, standing one day during the war before a window in the White House, saw Whitman slowly saunter by. He followed him with his eyes, relates Mr. Burroughs, and, turning, said to those about him:

"Well, he looks like a man."

In any study of the personality of Whitman the student is met at the outset by a most amazing type of criticism-and just as puzzling a volume of expression by the poet himself. A pathologist has seen in him the full case of insanity, substantiating the theory by the fact that his youngest brother was an imbecile and his eldest brother died insane, the disease in Whitman taking only another form, and that in full evidence in his "Leaves of Grass." How prevalent was this idea is shown in the fact that Dr. Bucke, a well-known alienist and for nineteen years superintendent of an insane institution, for fifteen years the private physician of Whitman, whose later years were enfeebled through the results of gangrene contracted in his "Wound Dresser" days in Civil War hospitals, has written a detailed study of madness, from this basis making an intensive study to disprove the fact. Devotees have even seen in Whitman a nineteenth-century divinity; Others have seen in him only a colloquial caricature of the lower classes, one who reveled in uncouthness and dissipation. Still others see in him the inspired poet, a Shakespeare of democracy.

The fact is, Walt Whitman positively refuses to be pigeon-holed or card-indexed. "I charge you forever reject those who would expound me, for I cannot expound myself. . . . Do I contradict myself?

Very well, then I contradict myself;
(I am large-I contain multitudes.)

As to the matter of personal appearance there is apparently a unanimity of opinion. Walt must have undeniably presented a magnificent physique. The daguerreotype of 1854 gives the impression of an unusual vitality. Of a later period Mr. Burroughs writes vividly and sympathetically: "In person Whitman was large and tall, above six feet, with a breezy, open-air look.. The full beauty of his face and head did not appear till he was past sixty. After that I have little doubt it was the finest head this age or country has seen. . . . It seemed to me his face steadily refined and strengthened with age."

Horace Traubel, the Boswell of Whitman, declares that he always felt a tonic emanation from the man. Of this quality, termed by one disciple "the sunshine of

that dynamic personality," there seems to be ample corroboration. Restrained and calm critics refer to it and analyze the quality in terms of personal magnetism, although it takes Mr. Binns to record of their first meeting that he was "almost amazed by the beauty and majesty of his person and the gracious air of purity that surrounded and permeated him. . . . A sort of spiritual intoxication set in."

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But Whitman, the critic of himself, is not so high-flown, so devotional, in his attitude.

A rude child of the people !-no imitationno foreigner-no dilettante democrat . . . likes to be called by his given name, and nobody at all need mister him-can laugh with laughersis not prejudiced one mite against the Irish-talks readily with niggers-does not make a stand on being a gentleman, nor on learning nor manners--would leave a select soirée of elegant people any time to go with tumultuous men, roughs, receive their caresses and welcome, listen to their noise, oaths, smut, fluency, laughter, repartee. The effects he produces in his poems are no effects of artists. You may feel the unconscious teachings of a fine brute, but will never feel the artificial teaching of a fine writer or speaker.

From his devotees we may expect a certain amount of enthusiasm, even of fanaticism. Dr. Bucke, Mr. Traubel, Mr. Harned, the O'Conners, all make Whitman the seer and prophet of inspired vision. There is Mrs. Gilchrist, a woman of brilliant mentality and culture and refinement, who became a most intimate friend and saw in Whitman much of power. And there is John Burroughs, whose forcible studies lead one to interpret this man sympathetically. John Burroughs was much with Whitman, and pronounced as the most vital thing about him his large and loving personality. Thoreau, Emerson, Ingersoll, Trowbridge, Andrew Carnegie, all these men were strangely drawn to him by the magnetic influence.of Whitman's personality.

One of the most satisfying proofs of this emanating quality of beneficence, the outgoing virtue of his personal self, is the influence he exerted in the hospital wards during the "Wound Dresser" days. An atmosphere of calming and soothing went with Walt Whitman down those halls of pain. His mere presence, many say, was a potent anæsthetic, and the suffering boys learned to call for Walt. This period of service, too, was the one which gave to him the most satisfaction.

Of temperamental traits perhaps the magnificent optimism that glows through most of his poetry is one of the most fundamental. It is the one that gives rise to his faith in his fellow-man, that stimulates his benevolence, the touchstone of his love and sympathy. It is doubtless this essence, together with a certain wistful yearning, that reacted upon William Dean Howells when he wrote:

up

...

He was often at Pfaff's. He had a fine head with a cloud of Jovian hair. . . and gentle eyes that looked most kindly into mine and seemed to wish the liking which I instantly gave him. . . . Our acquaintance was summed in that glance and the grasp of his mighty fist upon my hand. . . . Some years later I saw him for the last time. . . . Then, as always, he gave me the sense of a sweet and true soul, and I felt in him a spiritual dignity which I will not try to reconcile with the printing of... Emerson's letter. The apostle of the rough, the uncouth, was the gentlest person; his barbaric yawp translated into terms of social encounter was an address of singular quiet. He was a liberating force,

...

a very imperial anarch in literature. . . . I like his prose; there is a genial and comforting quality, very rich and cordial, such as I felt him to be when I met him in person. It is still something neighborly, brotherly,

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Walt Whitman (Continued)

fatherly, and so I felt him to be when the benign old man looked on me and helpfully spoke to me.

Closely related to this sanguine attribute of optimism is that other all-prevailing characteristic of Whitman, referred to by Mr. Howells, discerned by all who have known the man-his tenderness, his vast compassion, his extreme fellow-feeling.

Sympathy in Whitman is both general and specific, both abstract and concrete. There is a sweeping sense of brotherhood which becomes for him a generalized, universal emotion, expressed for every nation, every race, every degree. It goes out alike to the stranger, the unknown comrade, a fugitive slave, a common prostitute, one shortly to die, a Seminole prisoner. His sympathy becomes nobly productive and splendidly concrete in the hospital days at Washington where he served unceasingly. "Specimen Days " and "November

Boughs" bear the imprint of the emotions of this time. The broader phase of sympathy is one of his own literary ideals:

I also sent out "Leaves of Grass" to arouse and set flowing in men's and women's hearts, young and old, endless streams of living, pulseing love and friendship, directly from them to myself, now and forever. To this terrible, irrepressible yearning (surely more or less down underneath in most human souls)-this neversatisfied appetite for sympathy and this boundless offering of sympathy, this universal democratic comradeship.

And from this springs the scope and inclusiveness of his sympathy, tuning himself with the universe, feeling with all things animate, and, in his mystical moods, with things inanimate. He identifies himself with all personalities, reads into his experience the experiences of humanity or into humanity the experiences of his being:

Own

"I am the mate and companion of people, all
just as immortal and fathomless as myself;"
(They do not know how immortal, but I
know.) . . .

In all people I see myself-none more, and not
one a barley-corn less;

And the good or bad I say of myself, I say of
them.

... I am he attesting sympathy.

. I encompass worlds, and volumes of
worlds."

And this brings us to another riddle of
Whitman's personality, namely, his ego-
tism. He who goes deeply into a study of
Whitman will not remain long ignorant of
the fact that he was eccentric, erratic in
many respects, and that he did
things conspicuously ill-advised. But the
many
egotism that troubles the one approaching
Whitman for the first time is the stupen-
dous claim he makes for himself.

First of all, one should not forget that
again and again egotism in "Leaves of
Grass" is used almost synonymously with
personality:

"I will effuse egotism, and show it underlying all-and I will be the bard of personality." Often, however, the I of Walt Whitman, his own peculiar identity, is mixed up with this universal ego until there is obscurity, if not direct contradiction. In "A Song of Myself" there is a predominant autobiographical ego, which, however, is so paralleled with the identities of humanity in general that the reader becomes hopelessly confused or loses patience with what appears to be Whitman's colossal egotism. Burroughs declares that it is not Walt Whitman the private individual who speaks, but Walt Whitman as the spokesman of Amer

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5-7-19

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