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ly Liquor contained in it; which, as we fay, is facramentally (but as they believe, fubftantially) the Blood of our Saviour; the invaluable Price of Mens Redemption, which is the Drink at this heavenly Entertainment; and it is doubtful, whether they more impioufly or ridiculously, in all their Maffes repeat these Words, " Drink ye all of "this;" which in their Sense and Practice muft fignify, Drink ye none of this, but I only, the Prieft. But it is a moft confummate Piece of Affurance, of the Romish Church to boat fo much Antiquity, and of the Conformity of their Creed to that of the primitive Church; when they renounce both the one and the other, in this great and important Point of Doctrine,

Since then they have rendred it thus capital to deny, that their Church had good Reasons thus to change our Saviour's Inftitution, we would gladly know from whence the Church of Rome had this Inftitution of their halt Communion? who ordained it what Apostle, what antient Doctor, what holy Father ever ufed it? 'Tis manifest that none of thefe ever had it in their Thoughts, it was not their Faith. But Pope Leo informs us, (a) That the old Hereticks, called the Manichees, were the first known Devifers, and Authors of this Heretical Sacrilege, or Sacrilegious Herefy.

We now fee the Inftitution and Antiquity of this their Doctrine; that it sprung first of Herefy, and was founded by Hereticks. And now we leave you to determine, whether we ought to follow these falfe Teachers, or Jesus Chrift and his Apostles.

(a) Leo. Sermon. de Quadragefima.

CHA P.

CHAP. VII.

Against the Errors of the present Church of Rome, in Relation to the Sacraments, wherein her darling Doctrine of Tranfubftantiation is particularly confidered and refuted.

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Sacrament, according to the Nature thereof, is a Covenant of God's Favour to Man, confirm'd by fome outward Sign or Seal, inftituted by himself; which alfo hath been sometimes fpecial either to fome Men, and that extraordinarily by Things natural, as the (a) Tree "of Life was to Adam," and the (b) " Rain-bow to "Noah:" And fometimes by Things fupernatural, as the (c) Smoaking Furnace was to Abraham, (d)" The Fleece of Wool to Gideon," and, (e) "The "Dial to Hezekiah;" Or, to fome Nations, as the Sacrifices, (f)" Circumcifion, and the Pafchal Lamb, was to the Jews,

17, 13.

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(c) Gen. 15.

(a) Gen. 3. 3. (b) Gen. 9. 9, 13. (d) Fudg. 6. 37. (e) 2 Kings 20. 7; 11. (f) Ifai. 3.8.8.

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And fometimes general to the whole Church militant, and ordinary, as in the Time of the Gospel: And then a Sacrament is defin'd to be, a Ceremony ordained immediately by Chrift himself, who by fome earthly and outward Element, doth promife Remiffion of Sins, and everlafting Favour and Felicity, to fuch as with true Faith and Repentance do receive the fame. And fuch Sacraments in the New Teftament, we find only to be Baptifm, and the Lord's Supper; wherein the right Ufe of thefe Sacraments, and the Ends of their Institution are evidently fet down. For,

1, Concerning Baptifm, Chrift faith, (a) « Teach "all Nations, Baptizing them in the Name of the Fa*ther, &c. (b) "He that believeth, and is baptized, "fhall be faved." And St. Peter, "Amend your Lives, "and be baptized, every one, &c. for the Remiffion of * Sins." And St. Paul, (c) "Husbands, love your "Wives, even as Chrift loved the Church, and gave "himself for it, that he might fanctify it, and cleanse "it, with the washing of Water, by the Word, c."

2dy, Touching the Lord's Supper, faith our Saviour, of the Bread, (d) Take, cat, c." And of the Cup, "Drink ye all of it; " And again, of the Bread, (e)" This is my Body, which is given for you." And of the Cup, (f) "This is my Blood of the New "Teftament, that is fhed for many, for the Remiffion " of Sins." And St. Paul, (g) "The Cup of Bleffing "which we bless, is it not the Communion of the Blood " of Chrift? The Bread which we break, is it not the "Communion of the Body of Chrift?" And these two only Sacraments do the antient Fathers acknowledge, and none other.

(a) Matt. 28. 19. (b) Mark 16. 16. (c) Eph. 5. 25, 26. (d) Matt. 26. 26, 27. (e) Luke 22. 19, (t) Matt. 26. 28. Luke 22. 20. (g) 1 Cor. 10, 16.

St.

St. Ambrofe, (a) writing of the Sacraments, speaks but of two: "I begin to fpeak of the Sacraments, which 66 you have received." And in his whole Treatife, divided into fix Books, he speaks but of two.

St. Auftin (b) reckons but two, "Thefe are the two "Sacraments of the Church, ." And again, (c) "Our "Lord and his Apostles have delived unto us a few Sacra

ments, instead of many: And the fame, in doing, "moft eafy, in Signification, moft excellent, in Obfer"vation, most reverend, as is the Sacrament of Baptism, " and the Celebration of the Body and Blood of our "Lord." To these we might join many other antient Fathers, who acknowledge none other than thefe two only Sacraments; and therefore we ought to follow the Ordinance of Chrift, and keep to the Example of the primitive Church. But,

2. Penance.

To these two Sacraments, the prefent Church of Rome hath added five more, (d) and curfes all thofe, who fhall fay there are either more or fewer than feven Sacraments; or that, any of them is not verily and properly a Sacrament, or that they are not all feven inftituted by Chrift himself; that is to fay, 1. Confirmation. 3. Orders. 4. Matrimony. 5. Extreme Unction, (e) whereof two are voluntary, and at the Discretion of Men to be taken or not, as Matrimony, and Holy Orders: And these three, (viz.) Baptifm, Confirmation, and Orders, are but once to be taken; because they imprint an indelible Character in the Soul of the Receivers. And four are reiterable, and may often be received; as the Sacrament Euchariftical, Matrimony, Penance, and Ex-treme Unction: Because at their firft Miniftration, they leave in the Soul no indelible Chara&er. We fhall confider these five, which the Romish Church calls Sacraments

(a) Lib. 1. de Sac. Cap. 1. (b) De Symbol. Catechumen. Lib. 3. Cap. 9. (c) De Doct. Chrift. (d) Teft. Rhem. Ann. Fam. 4. 24. Conc. Trident. ff. 7. Can, 1, (e) Stella Clericorum..

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in their Order, and then proceed to the other two inftituted by Christ.

1. Confirmation is no Sacrament.

Touching Confirmation, the Sentence and Judgment of the true Church is, that rightly used, as it was in the primitive Church, it is not a Sacrament, but a Part of Chriftian Discipline, profitable for the whole Church of God. For the antient Confirmation was nothing else than an Examination of fuch as in their Infancy had received the Sacrament of Baptifm. And were then, being of good Difcretion, able to give an Account of their Belief; and to fatisfy with their own Mouths, what their Sureties in their Names had promised at their Baptism; which Confeffion being made, and a Promife of Perfe verance in the Faith by them given, the Bifhop by found Doctrine gave Advice and godly Exhortations, confirmed them in that good Profeffion; and laying his Hands upon them, prayed for the Increase of God's Gifts and Graces in their Minds.

Now, the Church of Rome (a) teacheth, that Cônfirmation is a Sacrament, whereby the Grace that was given in Baptifm is confirmed, and made strong, by the feven Gifts of the Holy Ghoft.

Of which their Confirmation they give us four Things. principally to be observed, viz.

ft, (b) The Subftance or Matter, which is holy Chrifm, confect, (as they fay) and made of Oyl Olive, and Baln., confecrated by a Bishop..

2dly, The Form and Manner of miniftring the fame, confifting of the Words of the Bishop, which are as follow, (viz.) I fign thee with the Sign of the Crofs, and

(a) Conc. Trident. Seff. 7. Can. 1. (b) Canis. Catech. CAP. 4.

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