not Confederate; and if somewhat bitter, will not be found unfair.

"In view," says this writer, "of the pleasing delusions which the Administration is now endeavoring to propagate, it would be well, perhaps, to outline some of the leading facts in this short campaign, from which the reader can draw his own moral:

"1. It is not true that General Lee was surprised or deceived by General Hooker's movement across the Rappahannock. From the Richmond papers of last Saturday it is clear that the Confederate military leaders understood it perfectly, and deliberately allowed our army to cross, confident of their ability to defeat, if not destroy it. Forney, in the Philadelphia Press,' states that General Hooker was induced to cross by the assurances of his spies and scouts that the only army to oppose him was one of 40,000 under General Jackson, General Lee being sick and his army scattered. The Baltimore secessionists had the same report, and believed it. General Hooker, therefore, at the very start, was the deceived party, and walked straight into the trap prepared for him.

"2. The great cavalry raid, which was an entire success, did General Hooker no good, because it did not precede, instead of accompanying his movements. General Lee's reënforcements had all arrived before the destruction of the railroads and bridges. To him this is now only a temporary inconvenience. Had General Hooker retained his cavalry with his army, it would have been far better for him. He could have captured several thousand more prisoners when Fredericksburg was taken, and, more than all, could have prevented General Jackson's surprise of his flank and rear. They might have changed the complexion of the fight.

"3. General Hooker's division of his army was as disastrous in this instance as have been all such in former military history. It is known that General Halleck utterly disapproved of this dispersion of the Union forces, and the result proved that in this case, at least, he was right. If General Lee had furnished General Hooker with a plan, it could not have been more

to his liking. He first hurled all his forces upon General Hooker and beat him; this was on Saturday and Sunday, and then on Monday he repossessed the heights of Fredericksburg, and drove General Sedgwick across the river, with the loss of one-third of his force. Thus General Lee, with one great army, beat two smaller armies in detail.

"4. The battles of Saturday and Sunday were indisputable rebel victories, as the enemy's attack upon General Sedgwick on Monday proved. The latter was defeated almost before General Hooker's eyes, and the latter could not even make a diversion to save him. Generals Lee and Jackson drove our army steadily from point to point until it was crowded back upon the south bank of the river. Our artillery, which, according to the rebel accounts, was splendidly served, no doubt saved what remained of the army.

"5. The retreat across the river, according to General Lee's despatch to Jeff. Davis, commenced on Sunday night, and was in consequence of his signal victory. The Administration's

statement is that it was commenced on Tuesday night, simply as a matter of precaution on account of the storm and the rising stream. General Lee's account has all the known facts and the probabilities on its side. The Union correspondents all agree that the stores and baggage were moved to the north bank on Monday, leaving nothing but the artillery and infantry to cross on Tuesday. The fierce storm of that day probably saved the bulk of our army, which was passed over at night.

66 6. General Hooker's statement of his losses reads as if it was made by General Wadsworth. He says his total loss in killed, wounded, and missing will not be more than 10,000 men. If this be true, there are several circumstances that need explaining badly. General Sedgwick alone, all the accounts agree, lost one-third his force, or about 6,000 men; but call it 5,000. The capture of Fredericksburg, and the storming of the heights in its rear on Sunday, lost us 800 men in killed and wounded. This would leave but little over 4,000 to have been killed, wounded, and captured in the tremendous battles of Sat

urday and Sunday, when, at the very least, 150,000 men met in deadly conflict. If General Hooker and General Lee commanded Chinese armies, this might have been possible; but as they were Americans on both sides, it is simply incredible. The rout of the 11th Corps, and the driving back of our whole lines for two days in succession, must have cost us-we will not say how many men, but certainly more than 4,000. Judged by the other battles of the war, this fight ought to have put 25,000 men hors du combat. General Hooker may be right in his estimate, but if he is, the fighting on both sides was disgraceful.

"But the theme is too painful to dwell upon. The whole management of the campaign shows a painful lack both of capacity and true courage, of mental force and a high sense of honor. Our rulers are alike incapable and unveracious." Such was the epitaph of General Hooker!

ALL day long on Sunday, while the great conflict was roaring around Chancellorsville, Jackson lay at Wilderness Run, faint, motionless, but thrilling at this sound so long familiar to his ears.

Never before had the illustrious soldier been compelled to retire from the field-for, at Manassas, though wounded, he still retained command of his brigade; and it must have stirred his soul to its depths to find himself thus powerless as an infant while the great battle, big with weal or woe for his country, was raging furiously a few miles distant from the couch on which he lay.

But there was no choice left him. The fatal balls had torn through flesh and muscle, through bone and artery. His life was ebbing slowly; and he could only submit his spirit humbly

to the decree of that God who had never deserted him, and to whose mysterious will he bowed with simple, childlike resignation.

He had been carried, as we have said, to the field hospital at Wilderness Run, about five miles west of the battle-field; and here he was placed in a tent in rear of the tavern at that point, under a stunted tree, which is still exhibited to the visitor. He had lost so much blood in that painful progress from the front, borne on a litter every moment jolting and aggravating thus the extent of his injuries, that upon arriving at Wilderness Run he was almost pulseless. The face from which his men had so often gathered the inspiration of victory, was calm and pale; the arm which had risen reverently aloft in so many scenes of blood and death was paralyzed, and lay as helpless as an infant's by his side; the great form which had towered in the front of battle was stretched, drained of strength and motion, on the bed of a hospital.

A thorough examination was speedily made of the soldier's wounds. They were found to be very serious; and the result of a consultation between Drs. McGuire, Black, Coleman, and Walls, was that amputation of the arm should be immediately resorted to.

This decision of the surgeons was guardedly communicated to him. He was asked: "If we find amputation necessary, shall it be done at once?" He replied with alacrity and that disregard of pain which was a part of his manly spirit:

"Yes, certainly! Dr. McGuire, do for me whatever you think right."

Preparations were accordingly made for performing the operation, and the patient having been put under the influence of chloroform, his arm was taken off without subjecting him, apparently, to very great pain. He slept well after the operation, and when he awoke asked for Mrs. Jackson, and requested that she might be sent for.

His thoughts then turned to the battle which was at the time in progress, and he seemed to have no doubt that it would result

in victory for the Confederates. He spoke of the attack which he had made on the preceding evening, and said with a glow of martial ardor and a proud smile: "If I had not been wounded, or had had one hour more of daylight, I would have cut off the enemy from the road to United States ford; we would have had them entirely surrounded, and they would have been obliged to surrender or cut their way out-they had no other alternative. My troops may sometimes fail in driving an enemy from a position; but the enemy always fails to drive my men from a position."

He did not complain of his wounds, and never referred to them unless a direct question was addressed to him on the subject by some one. He spoke, however, of the fall from the litter as he was being borne from the field; and, although no contusion or abrasion was perceptible from this accident, declared that it had done him serious injury.

About this time he had the satisfaction of receiving from the commander whom he loved and admired so warmly, this touching evidence of his sympathy:

66

"I have just received your note, informing me that you were wounded. I cannot express my regret at the occurrence. Could I have directed events, I should have chosen, for the good of the country, to have been disabled in your stead. I congratulate you on the victory which is due to your skill and energy."

This recognition from his commanding general of the loss which the cause had sustained when he was wounded, proved grateful to his feelings; but upon reading it he reverently said: "General Lee should give the glory to God."

The regret of General Lee at this deplorable event was indeed poignant. The soul of the great commander was moved to its depths; and he who had so long learned to conceal emotion, could not control his anguish. "Jackson will not-he cannot die!" General Lee exclaimed, in a broken voice, and waving every one from him with his hand-" he cannot die!"

But the hours were hastening on-Sunday passed; the