Achieving Growth and Prosperity Through Freedom: A Compilation of 1999-2000 Joint Economic Committee Reports Submitted to the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States, 第 4 卷U.S. Government Printing Office, 2000 - 477 頁 |
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Americans annuity Argentina assets average annual baby-boomers billion bonds carve-out central bank Connie Mack contributions costs current system decades demographics divorce dollarized countries domestic currency earnings economic growth Economist elderly entrepreneurs entrepreneurship equities exchange rate expectancy Federal Reserve firms growth rate high-wage workers higher income increase industry inflation innovation interest rates investment Joint Economic Committee labor force long-term low-wage workers lower married monetary base monetary policy normal retirement age number of beneficiaries number of workers OECD official dollarization payments payroll tax promised benefits rate of return real rate reduce reform relatively retirement benefits Retirement Savings Accounts RSAs seigniorage Social Security Administration Social Security beneficiary Social Security benefits Social Security contributors Social Security system Social Security taxes Social Security's Source spending spousal benefit stocks tax rate trade deficit U.S. Census Bureau U.S. dollar U.S. economy U.S. government United wages workers per beneficiary
熱門章節
第 13 頁 - ... of the civilian labor force's being unemployed. That much unemployment would appear to be the cost of price stability in the years immediately ahead.
第 254 頁 - What is prudence in the conduct of every private family, can scarce be folly in that of a great kingdom. If a foreign country can supply us with a commodity cheaper than we ourselves can make it, better buy it of them with some part of the produce of our oWn industry, employed in a way in which we have some advantage.
第 441 頁 - They do not consist of real economic assets that can be drawn down in the future to fund benefits. Instead, they are claims on the Treasury that, when redeemed, will have to be financed by raising taxes, borrowing from the public, or reducing benefits or other expenditures. The existence of Trust Fund balances, therefore, does not by itself have any impact on the government's ability to pay benefits.
第 17 頁 - Douglass C. North, Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990). 29. For this, see Charles Tilly, Coercion, Capital, and European States (Cambridge and Oxford: Blackwell, 1992); "War Making and State Making as Organized Crime...
第 441 頁 - These balances are available to finance future benefit payments and other trust fund expenditures — but only in a bookkeeping sense. * * * They do not consist of real economic assets that can be drawn down in the future to fund benefits.
第 429 頁 - I guess you're right on the economics," Roosevelt explained to another complainant some years later, "but those taxes were never a problem of economics. They are politics all the way through. We put those payroll contributions there so as to give the contributors a legal, moral, and political right to collect their pensions and their unemployment benefits. With those taxes in there, no damn politician can ever scrap my Social Security program.
第 155 頁 - Say to characterize a special economic actor — not someone who simply opens a business, but someone who "shifts economic resources out of an area of lower and into an area of higher productivity and greater yield" [footnote omitted] Bornstein describes (pp.
第 22 頁 - The Welfare Costs of Tariffs, Monopolies, and Theft," Western Economic Journal 5 (June 1967): 224-32; Richard A.
第 281 頁 - To most economists, the evidence is impressively persuasive that the dramatic increase in world competition — a consequence of broadening trade flows — has fostered markedly higher standards of living for almost all countries that have participated in cross-border trade.
第 461 頁 - P/2 centuries, to the period from 1831 through 1861, to find any 30-year period where the return on either long- or short-term bonds exceeded that on equities!