Qu. Sect. CHAPTER II. 1. 9. Is sensation a simple or complex state of mind? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Why can it not be defined? Is its simplicity its only characteristic? By what peculiarity is it distinguished? Why can we not speak of the sensations of joy and sorrow f 7. 10. Where has it, by some, been supposed that sensation is located? Where is it really located? 8. 9. How, then, should we regard the organs of sense? and illustrate 10. 11. Are our sensations copies, pictures, or images of outward objects? Do they possess any of the qualities of outward objects? What do you mean by this? 11. 12. 13. 12. Is the affection of the mind coetaneous with, or subsequent to, the operation of external bodies on the mind? 14. 15. 16. 17. The character and extent of this operation? What change takes place subsequently to the change in the organ What do we know of the connection between mind and matter? . 18. 13. How does perception differ from sensation? 21. 14. Is it a complex or a simple state of the mind? 22. 23. Distinguish between it and sensation. What would be the nature and extent of our knowledge, if we hać but sensation alone, without perception? 24. 15. What do we know of matter? 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. Under what two heads have the qualities of material bodies bee How are the primary qualities known; and what are they? What do you mean by solidity? Show that water is solid in this sense. The Florentine experiment? and what did it prove? 31. 16. The secondary qualities of bodies, how divided? What are included under the first class? 32. 33. 34. What is meant when we say a body has sound, color, etc.? CHAPTER III. 1. 17. Is the possession of organs of sense essential to the possession of that knowledge which we are accustomed to ascribe to them? How is this shown? 2. 3. How does it appear that they are essential to human knowledge? 4. 18. Can the senses be separated from the nervous system? 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Can they perform their duty if the brain be injured? Can they, if the nerves be tightly compressed? What may be inferred from these facts? What is the sensorial organ? What is essential to the sensations of hearing, seeing, etc.? 10. 19. How is the sensation of smell produced? 11. 20. What is the olfactory nerve? 12. 13. Is there any necessary connection between the smell and surround ing objects? How does it happen that we are not merely sensible of the particu lar sensation, but refer it at once to the particular external object that produces it? Qu. Sect 14. 21. Show that this mental reference is made with great rapidity. 15. 16. Why is it so? What three things are involved in the process of perception? 17. 22. What is the organ of taste? 18. 19. 20. Is it confined to the tongue? Why do we speak of particular bodies as sweet, or sour, etc.? CHAPTER IV. 1. 23. How is sound produced? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. What is the organ of hearing? Why are the ears placed in the side of the head? What is the tympanum of the ear? By what is the sound communicated to the mind? 7. 24. Are the sensations of sound more or less numerous than the words in the English language? How many simple sounds are there, according to Dr. Reid? How are varieties and shades of difference of the same tone pro duced? and illustrate. 11. 25 How do we know the place whence sounds originate? 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. What renders our ignorance of their place, previous to experience, less surprising Illustrate this fact. How do we learn to distinguish the place of things? If a man, born deaf, were suddenly restored to his hearing, where What alone would teach him their true source? In what respect does the sense of touch differ from those of hearing, tasting, smelling? 4. 27. What knowledge would we derive from the sense of smelling alone? What additional ideas would we derive from these sensations? What feelings would these ideas excite in the mind? 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. If we had no other sense, how should we regard these feelings? What would be our condition without the senses of touch and sight 11. 28. How do we arrive at the idea of extension? 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 29. 7. 18. 19. Why can not the idea of extension be resolved into others? Dr. Brown's definition of form? Which is antecedent in the idea of nature, the idea of form or of extension? The two significations of the words heat and cold? What are the qualities in bodies which give us the sensation of heat and cold? Mention some of the various opinions respecting them. Do they resemble the sensations they occasion? 20. 30. When is a body called hard or soft? 21. 22. 23.. How do we arrive at the sensation of hardness? Why is it difficult to make this sensation an object of reflection? Qu. Sect. 24. Why is it important to attend to it? 25. 31. To what sense would you ascribe the feelings expressed by the terms uneasiness, weariness, sickness, and the like? 26. 27. What remarks are made of hunger and thirst? Why is it difficult to state what sense they should be ascribed to? 28. 32. What two things always exist when we speak of extension, or resistance, or heat, or color, etc.? 29. Do they resemble one another? 30. 31. 32. How, then, can one give us a knowledge of the other? What is the relation between the sensation and the outward object? CHAPTER VI. 1. 33. The most valuable of the five senses? 2. 3. 4. 5. Show its superiority over the touch. To what is the eye compared? The medium on which it acts? To what science does a description of the eye belong? 6. 34. What would be the effect if the rays of light that first strike the eye were to continue on, in the same direction, to the retina? How is this prevented? The last step we are able to trace in the material part of the pro cess in visual perception? How is the image conveyed to the mind? 11. 35. What knowledge do we derive originally from the sense of sight? Can we obtain the idea of color from any other sense? 12. 13. What knowledge is generally, though erroneously, ascribed to the sense of sight? 14. 36. Is extension a direct object of sight? 15. 16. 17. How do we get the idea of extension? Can we get it from any other or all of the four remaining senses? 18. 37. How do we get the idea of figure? 19. 20. 21. 32. 23. To what is it often attributed? Do we really see prominences or cavities in solid bodies? Why do we then suppose that we really see them? How is the fact that we do not see them proved? 24. 38. What was the problem submitted to Mr. Locke; and his decision? The first idea conveyed to the mind on seeing a globe? How is the truth of this statement shown? Why do we ever attribute to sight the knowledge that is acquired by touch only? 29. 39. How is a knowledge of magnitude first obtained? 30. 31. The difference between tangible and visible magnitude? What fact is stated in support of the doctrine that the knowledge of magnitude is not an original intimation of sight? 32. 40. What is said of the visible magnitude of objects seen in a mist? How is this fact accounted for? 33. 34. To what may it, in part, be attributed? 35. 41. Mention three reasons why the sun and moon seem larger in the ho rizon than in the meridian. 36. 42. What is meant by the term distance? 37. 38. 39. 40. Is the perception of distance an acquired or an criginal perception? Why do they not appear so now? What facts are stated on this subject? Qu. Sect. 41. 43. How do we learn to estimate distances? 42. How do landscape and historical painters take advantage of this fact? 43. 44. Why do we often misjudge in estimating the width of rivers, plains etc.? 44. 45. Why also in estimating the height of steeples, the distance of the stars, etc.? Why does the horizon seem further off than the zenith? 46. 45. The effect, in the apparent distance of objects, of a change in the pu rity of the air? 3. 4. 5. Can it be resolved into any more general or elementary principle? Mention some of the things to which we apply the term. 6. 47. Is it confined to the mind? 7. 8. 10. Its effects on the bodily organs? Mention several respects in which individuals are distinguished from one another by habit. . 48. What is said of habits of smell? What facts are stated illustrative of this truth? 11. 49. The effects of habit on taste? 12. 13. 14. What practical view of this subject presents itself here? and illus. trate. State the three-fold operation in such casES. The only remedy for one whose habits are so confirmed? and why ? 15. 50. Show that the sense of hearing is capable of cultivation. 18. 51. Mention some facts showing that the sense of touch is susceptible of 19. 20. cultivation. The case of John Metcalf? How are books for the blind prepared? 21. 52. Cases of James Mitchell and Julia Brace? 22. What has Diderot conjectured of those that are deprived of both sight and hearing? 23. 53. Show that the law of habit affects the sight. 24. 25. 26. 27. What persons possess the sense of sight in greatest perfection? The case of the lady at Geneva, mentioned by Bishop Burnet? 28. 54. What important remark is here made with reference to our sensa 33. 56. Does the mind perceive the complete figure of the object at once? Mr. Stewart's opinion? 34. 35. How, then, does it happen that we appear to see the object at once? 36. 57 Mention some circumstances that tend to confirm Mr. Stewart's views on this subject. 37. 58. Mention the facts stated by Sir Everard Home. ect. CHAPTER VIII. 1. 59. What is meant by conceptions? 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 60. 8. 9. 10. How do they differ from the ordinary sensations and perceptior How do they differ from ideas of memory? How are they regulated in their appearance and disappearance? What striking fact in regard to our conceptions is mentioned? and What facts are related of the celebrated traveler, Carsten Niebuhr? How do you explain the fact that our perceptions of sight are more 11. 61. On what, besides association, does the power of forming conceptions depend? and illustrate. 12. What fact is stated of Beethoven? 13. 62. Illustrate the influence of habit on conceptions of sight. 14. 63. What is remarked of the subserviency of our conceptions to descrip 15. 16. 17. 18. tion ? In what does the perfection of description consist? The best rule for making the selection of particulars? Why is it easier to give a happy description from the conception of an object than from an actual perception of it? What great element of poetic power is mentioned? 19. 64. State several facts to show that our conceptions are attended with a momentary belief. 23. 65. In what cases is the belief in our mere conceptions the more evident 24. and striking? What is related of one of the characters sketched by Sir Walter 25. 66. How are the effects produced on the mind by exhibitions of fictitious distress explained? 1. 67. Into what two classes are our mental affections divided? 2. 68. The first characteristic of a simple idea? 3. 69. The second characteristic ? 4. 5. 6. 7. What is essential to a legitimate definition? Why will not this process apply to our simple thoughts and feelings? If an individual professes to be ignorant of the terms we use when we speak of simple ideas and feelings, how can we aid him in un derstanding them? (Can you illustrate this remark?) 8. 70. The third characteristic of a simple mental state? 9. 10. What does Mr. Locke mean by chimerical ideas? and why does he so style them? Illustrate. 11. 71. Which were first in origin, our simple or our complex states of 12. 13. mind? What simple notions are embraced in our complex notions of extern |