图书图片
PDF
ePub

proposed to move homeward. 25. I thank thee, Roderick, for the word! 26. He spies a nest. 27. The fair trees see themselves below. 28. I could not help smiling at this harangue. 29. Dear Philaster, leave to be enraged. 30. She abandons me now.

Analyse

EXERCISE 10.

1. The thicket will conceal us. 2. I have heard all. 3. Content thyself. 4. They continued to advance up the hill. 5. Gather ye rosebuds. 6. They chose to accept the offer. 7. His shadowy flail hath threshed the corn. 8. Learn to wield the weight of thine immortal shield. 9. Shun delays. 10. Thee do I thank. 11. I will sing a lullaby. 12. Cease to persuade. 13. I feared to show my father Julia's letter. 14. Much shalt thou learn. 15. I tried to mount the hill above the pines. 16. He overleaps the bounds. 17. The marks of the harness begin to wear out. 18. A momentary awe seized the crowd. 19. The tears ceased to break from her immovable eyes. 20. The raven chides blackness. 21. Loud enlivening strains provoke the dance. 22. The brave deserve the fair. 23. Some had lyres. 24. We raise the fallen. 25. The shattered mountain overhung the sea. 26. We saluted each other. 27. That majestic theme shrined in her heart found utterance. 28. Wild music woke me. 29. Night o'erwhelms the sea. 30. He tried to persuade some of his old friends among the nobility to join him.

30. The direct object may be enlarged by:

1. An adjective: as, I bring fresh showers.

2. A noun or pronoun in apposition: as, Crowds followed Peter the Hermit; I visited the stranger, him [whom Geoffrey mentioned].

3. A noun or pronoun in the possessive case: as, He seized the boatman's hand; Its weight resisted her strength. 4. (a) An infinitive: as, They saw a house to let.

An infinitive;

course to be pursued by her ministers.

to ludicated the

5. A prepositional phrase; as, He saw the fire of the midnight camp.

6. (a) A participle: as, We remember him standing.

(b) A participial phrase: as, My predecessor had made a seat overshaded by a hedge of hawthorn and honeysuckle. 7. A sentence: as, She plucked the flowers which grew on the river's brink.

N.B.-A sentence of this kind is called an adjective sentence (§ 57).

Obs. An infinitive, a phrase, or a sentence may be in apposition with it as object : as, Thou think'st it much to tread the ooze of the salt deep.

31. The above methods of enlarging the object may be repeated or combined: as,

32.

She obeys her grave parents' wise commands.
Each scene of many-colour'd life he drew.
Freckled nest eggs thou shalt see
Hatching in the hawthorn tree.

THIRD ANALYSIS MODEL.

1. He had a most gentle mother.

2. Which song do you choose?

3. Her ministers found it necessary to come to an understanding with Maitland.

4. His ready smile a parent's warmth expressed.

5. He had no desires to gratify,

6. No hive hast thou of hoarded sweets.

7. I discovered poor Maria, sitting under a poplar.

8. You will forgive an endeavour to preserve this work from
oblivion.

[blocks in formation]

Mention the enlargements of the object, and say of what each consists:

1. The poor Franciscan made no reply. 2. You follow Drake, by sea the scourge of Spain. 3. His father's sword he has girded on. 4. I scarce have heart to mingle in this matter. 5. Him, sleeping or awake, the robber spared. 6. No tear relieved the burden of her heart. 7. Í had a card from Vanessa inviting me to a feast of reason. 8. Thy own sweet smile I see. 9. I had a dream-a strange, wild dream. 10. His eyes diffused a venerable grace. 11. After an obstinate siege, they took Nice, the seat of the Turkish Empire. 12. The bugles ceased their wailing sound. 13. I have an inclination to print the following letter. 14. He dreads the presence of a virtuous man like you. 15. Some [scraps of paper] I could perceive scribbled with verse. 16. The passing winds memorial tribute pay. 17. I considered his grey hairs. 18. The king, in pursuance of his engagements, had indeed married Editha, the daughter of Godwin. 19. Time hath spared the epitaph of Adrian's horse. 20. The girl has a great deal to say on every subject. 21. He entered the cell of the ancient priest. 22. The heavens themselves blaze forth the death of princes. 23. I have power to wield my sword. 24. Observe the lurking crows. 25. He espoused Eleanor, dowager of William, Earl of Pembroke, and sister to the king. 26. Our

little fire sent forth a cheering warmth. 27. The village master taught his little school. 28. She reached a spot o'erhung with trees. 29. The cherished fields put on their winter-robe of purest white. 30. He thence attain'd an active power to fasten images upon his brain.

Analyse :

EXERCISE 12.

1. The report of a gun would have alarmed the whole country. 2. I marked his sweet and tender eyes. 3. Will you serve my master the duke? 4. Nature draws her sacred veil. 5. We have no time to speak about the king. 6. Th' envenomed wasp, victorious, guards his cell. 7. Cold stony horror all her senses bound. 8. I have no reason to be sorry for the expense. 9. We reached the western world, a poor devoted crew. 10. Returning late, I heard a moaning sound. 11. I take the liberty to change the language. 12. The inhabitants of York, rising in arms, slew Robert Fitz-Richard their governor. 13. Blushing, she eyes the dizzy flood. 14. He has nothing to do upon the roof. 15. No busy steps the grass-grown footway tread. 16. A dewy freshness fills the silent air. 17. We had no other aid. 18. I have power to stand. 19. That wickedness his hand has wrought. 20. He ran his godly race.. 21. We breathed a pestilential air. 22. He murdered Allen, archbishop of Dublin. 23. The conscious heifer snuffs the stormy gale. 24. The circling sea-fowl cleave the flaky clouds. 25. The bleating kine eye the black heaven.

26. Seen through the turbid, fluctuating air,

The stars obtuse emit a shivering ray. 27. She spied the lamp of lightsome day Up-lifted in the porch of heaven high. 28. What human voice can reach

The sacred organ's praise?

29. Full many a gem of purest ray serene
The dark unfathomed caves of ocean bear.
30. A thousand miracles appall'd

The cruel Pagan's mind.

2. The Indirect Object.

33. The indirect object may be :

i. Factitive, when it is used together with a direct object after factitive verbs, or those which contain the idea of making by thought, word, or deed (§ 18): as, I'll call thee Hamlet.

Obs. 1. An adjective is frequently used as an indirect object after factitive verbs, but in all such cases a noun (understood) may be supplied: as, Success makes him bold (man understood).

Obs. 2. In the passive voice factitive verbs become copulative: consequently the noun or pronoun (or adjective with noun understood) which follows them, being then a complimentary nominative and not an indirect object, forms part of the predicate. In the first of the two following examples "[to be] bold [man]" is an indirect object, and, in the second, it is a complementary nominative :

[blocks in formation]

Obs. 3. When the conjunction as has the force of to be, some writers regard it as redundant, while others treat it as an appositive conjunction joining two words. The best way, however, is to supply the ellipsis: as, They counted him as a prophet = They counted him as [they counted] a prophet.

Obs. 4. The preposition for is occasionally found with the sense of to be: as, They counted him for a prophet. Some writers regard for as redundant. In analysing, we may call "for a prophet" the indirect object.

Obs. 5. The preposition to is sometimes placed before the factitive object: as, The torrent would have dashed an oak to splinters. Some writers regard the phrase "to splinters" as an extension.

ii. Infinitive, especially after transitive verbs denoting authority: as, They induced him to leave the realm; The king required his subjects to arm.

Obs. 1. The infinitive may follow an intransitive verb, as, They appeared to agree; or an adjective preceded by a copulative verb, as, He was anxious to learn.

Obs 2. Instead of the infinitive, we sometimes find a participle with an ellipsis of the infinitive to be: as, We saw women [to be] grinding corn; I feel myself [to be] forced to obey.

Obs. 3. The following verbs take the infinitive as an indirect object, the particle to being omitted, viz., bid, dare, feel, have, hear, let, make, need, see, and sometimes behold, find, keep, know, mark, observe, perceive, and watch: as, He made her [to] weep: I heard every man [to] speak. But after the passive, the sign to must be used: as, She was made to weep; Every man was heard to speak.

Obs. 4. When the infinitive denotes purpose, it is an extension, and not an indirect object: as, Working parties remained to bury the dead.

Obs. 5. The name of Double or Compound Object is given by some writers to the direct object and infinitive, in such sentences as, We ordered him to leave. It resembles the Latin construction of accusative with infinitive.

iii. Dative or Personal, when it denotes the person (or thing) to whom something is given or for whom something is done. The preposition to or for is either expressed or understood: as, Give the cloak to me; Give [to] thy thoughts no tongue.

Obs. 1. The chief verbs which take a dative or personal object are: Advance, allow, ask, bring, buy, cost, deny, do, draw, envy, find, fine, forward, get, give, grant, guarantee, leave, lend, make, ofer, order, pass, pay, play, pour, procure, promise, provide, refuse, sell, send, show, sing, teach, tell, throw, write, yield.

Obs. 2. The dative sometimes denotes advantage: as, Knock me at the gate [for] me at the gate.

Knock

Obs. 3. The dative object follows the verb worth (= to be), and the impersonal verbs become, behove, beseem, like, please, &c. : as, Woe worth the day.

iv. Genitive, when it consists of a noun or pronoun governed by the preposition of after

(1) Verb: as, They accused the stranger of theft.
(2) Adjective: as, He was guilty of great cruelty.

Obs. The genitive object is formed after verbs and adjectives which denote:-
(1) Power: as, The pioneers were capable of great exertion.

(2) Impotency: as, Anger is incapable of self-restraint.

(3) Accusation: as, He is accused of murder.

(4) Innocence: as, He is innocent of the crime.

(5) Condemnation: as, The thief was convicted of felony.

(6) Acquittal: as, His brother was acquitted of fraud.

(7) Memory: as, This reminds us of our duty.

(8) Forgetfulness: as, The negro was unmindful of the kindness.

v. Object after Preposition-Verbs: as, They laughed

at the news; They complained of him; The physician despaired of his patient's life.

Obs. 1. If the verb and preposition are taken together as a transitive verb, the object following will be direct and not indirect.

Obs. 2. We find this object after expressions equivalent to preposition-verbs. Such expressions consist of the verb to be or other copulative verb followed by an adjective: as, He is fond of learning. The adjectives which are used in this way are either derived from verbs or denote some mental state.

Obs. 3. Prepositions are sometimes joined to transitive verbs to vary the meaning: as, The traveller met with an accident.

34. The chief adjectives which are followed by an indirect object are contained in the following List :—

i. Without preposition : Like, near, next, nigh, unlike; worth, worthy, unworthy.

ii. With the preposition to: Accountable, adequate, adverse, affable, akin, applicable, apposite, appropriate, attached, attentive, attributable, civil, contiguous, contrary, cruel, dear, devoted, equal, equivalent, fair, favourable, formidable, grateful, inadequate, inattentive, kind, obedient, opposite, parallel, perpendicular, similar, unequal.

iii. With the preposition of: Afraid, ambitious, ashamed, capable, desirous, devoid, distrustful, fearful, fearless, fond, forgetful, full, greedy, guiltless, guilty, hard, heedful, heedless, hopeful, hopeless, impatient, incapable, independent, jealous, mindful, negligent, observant, proud, regardless, significant, slow, sure, suspicious, swift, tired, unmindful, unworthy, void, weary, worthy.

Obs. 1. In O.E., the adjectives like, near, &c., governed a dative; and the adjectives worth, worthy, and unworthy, a genitive.

Obs. 2. If near, nigh, and next are treated as prepositions, the phrase, when used with the verb to be, must be put in the predicate: as,

Subject.
The ship

Predicate.

was near the shore.

35. The forms here classed as indirect objects are variously treated by writers on Analysis. The chief views taken of the forms referred to are as follows:

as,

i. The Factitive is called a complement and placed in the predicate :

[merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors]

ii. The Infinitive is called :

(1) A complement, and placed in the predicate: as,

[blocks in formation]

Object.
thee.

Object. his subjects.

Double Object.

his subjects to arm.

(3) Part of a compound predicate, when it follows intransitive verbs,

and transitive verbs passive voice as,

« 上一页继续 »