5.-The White Hills; their Legends, Landscape, and Poetry. By THOMAS STARR KING, with sixty illustrations, engraved by Andrew, from drawings by Wheelock. 4to., pp. 403. Boston: Crosby, Nichols & Co. Two groups of mountains there are included under the general title of the White Hills situate in New Hampshire, which, from their loveliness and grandeur have lately attracted much attention, and thousands there are who are induced during the summer months to spend their time and money by making pilgrimages to this spot, to be refreshed by the draperies of verdure, shadow, cloud, and color that are hung by the Creator around and above these hills. As for ourselves we never shall forget the day we stood upon a projection of Mount Washington looking at the fantastic photographs which the brindle mountain sides presented, with the mist twining around their tops, at times smothering their peaks, and anon the south wind tearing them apart to let their grim heads look out, towering high above, and sharp as spears. No one who has seen this picture of ever-changing beauty will easily rid himself of the impression left upon the senses, or help receiving a lesson of fortitude in making the ascent. This book is devoted to the scenery of this mountain region, and intended as sort of guide for future pilgrims, showing from which points the noblest views are to be gained, what are the characteristics of each district, &c., &c. The book is among the handsomest we have seen in a long time, in the way of mechanical execution, and does infinite credit to the publishers, Messrs. Crosby, Nichols & Co. 6.- Wild Southern Scenes; a tale of Disunion and Border War. By J. B. JONES, author of "Wild Western Scenes." 12mo., pp. 500. Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson & Brother. This, though purely a work of fiction, is, in many respects, a remarkable book, as much on account of its novelty as anything else. The scenes are laid principally in Virginia and the South, in which the author labors to portray in his suppositious history the ill and direful effects of disunion. There is a good deal of ingenuity and invention, as well as some extraordinary flights of imagination, required in weaving together the thread of such a story, and in these requirements Mr. Jones seems to be fully up to the mark, as for stirring events and warlike achievements, accompanied by grape-shot and rifle balls, it bears the gree of anything we have read in a long time. There is enough in this book to terrify the strongest mind-purely imaginative though it be; and if it but have the effect of opening the eyes of the more conservative to the terrible results that will follow the sectional madness and folly now disturbing the country, by drawing the bands of union much closer in various sections of our republic, Mr. Jones' labor will not have been in vain, and we shall feel inclined to regard him in the light of a public benefactor, rather than that of a sensation story writer. 7.-Lizzy Glenn; or the Trials of a Seamstress. By T. S. ARTHUR. pp. 253. Philadelphia: T. B. Peterson & Brothers. 12mo., Is another of the many domestic tales from that prolific author, T. S. Arthur, which, though destitute of that brilliant action and stirring interest, with which novelists usually bring out their heroes and heorines, still points to a definite moral, and may be considered good wholesome reading matter for the young. 8.-Mary Staunton; or the Pupils of Marvel Hall. By the author of "PorNew York: D. Appleton Appears to be an exceedingly well written and spirited tale, showing up the modus operandi of the boarding school system, and the evils existing therein, which it does pretty effectually. We recommend it heartily to all young misses contemplating leaving home for the "sweet simplicities" and genial hospitalities of boarding shool life. 9.- Great Facts; a Popular History and Description of the most remarkable Inventions during the present Century. By FREDERICK C. BAKEWELL, author of Philosophical Conversations." &c. Illustrated with numerous engrav ings. 12mo., pp. 307. New York: D. Appleton & Co. The progress of a country is exhibited in no stronger light than by the many inportant inventions and contrivances by which labor is shorn of its drudgery, and time and space annihilated. Thus by the combined efforts of inventive genius during the last half century, while steam navigation was facilitating the means of intercourse over rivers and seas, and whilst railways and locomotive engines served to bring distant cities within a few hours' journey of each other, another source of power, infinitely more rapid than steam, has been made to transmit intelligence from one country to another with the speed of lightning. It has been the author's aim in this treatise, not only to make the reader acquainted with the successive steps by which these series of inventions have been brought to their present perfection, but also to give a description of the mechanisms and processes by which they are effected; so far, at least, as to render the principles on which their actions depend understood. These are wholesome lessons, especially for youth, as the knowledge gained is eminently practical, and well calculated to give accelerated impulse to inventive minds, thereby acting as an agent in promoting further discoveries. 10.- True Womanhood. A Tale. By JOHN NEAL. 12mo., pp. 487. Boston: Ticknor & Fields. "Having long entertained a notion that women have souls," (we quote from the author's preface, and would not for a moment be considered heretical on the subject ourselves,) "or something of the sort, call them what you may; that they have not only a right to think for themselves, but to act for themselves, and take the consequences, here and hereafter, without being accountable to us, any more than we are to them; and that marriage is not always the best thing, nor the one thing needful for them, whatever it may be to us," he has written this tale for illustration. Taking advantage of incidents which occurred in the great commercial paralysis of 1857-58, he attempts to show how different characters and temperaments are differently affected by the same events and circumstances, and how they are brought to different conclusions by the very same evidence, and also what true womanhood is equal to and capable of, under some of the most trying circumstances of life. A worthy theme truly, and worth the consideration of our modern dames who seem to think that woman has become a doll, to be fettered with petticoats and gilded meshes of lace to be carried out, instead of an active helpmeet to man. 11.-Life of Lafayette. Written for children. By E. CECIL. Illustrated. 12mo., pp. 218. Boston: Crosby, Nichols & Co. This little memoir of our ancient friend, Lafayette, is an effort to interest American youth in the character and history of one who stood so near our own Washington during the stormy times of the Revolution, and whose after life was so varied and remarkable. The moral tone of the book is excellent, and we think it unexceptionable as a holyday present. 12. Sword and Gown. By the author of " Guy Livingstone." 12mo., pp. 308. Boston Ticknor & Field. This will be found no prosy essay setting forth the value, purity, or effective services rendered by the pontifical mitre, or he who adjusts the balance with carnal weapons. We should take it that the author's mind is too much distracted to well fix itself on meditative subjects. However, it cannot well be said he beareth the sword in vain," either considering the interesting tale here given us, which will be found written with considerable felicity of style, and well calculated to please the haut ton to whom it would appear to cater. HUNT'S MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE. Established July, 1839, by Freeman Hunt. VOLUME XLII. FEBRUARY, 1860. NUMBER II. CONTENTS OF NO. II., VOL. XLII. ARTICLES. ART. PAGE 1. PARTIAL REVIEW OF MR. CAREY'S LETTER TO THE PRESIDENT. REPLY TO MR. HENRY CAREY BAIRD. By BioHARD SULLEY, of Fort Wayne, Indiana.... II. COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL CITIES OF THE UNITED STATES. No. LXXII. NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA. Progress of New Orleans-Imports, Export and Receipts-Domestic Trade-Bank Loans-Exchange Transactions-Effect of Lins on Business-Receipts of Specle-Specie in Bank-Reaction in Trade attracts SpecieFlows up the Mississippi"-Operations of Steam - Railroads affect Trade-Cotton goes North-Small Ratio of Bank Loans-Mexican Silver-Exchange during the past YearSeveral Years-Mint Operations-Gold Deposits-Effect of New York Assay-officeMoney for the past Year-Value of Products last Year-Railroad Rontes-Tehuantepec-Steam Propellers-Value of Coastwise Trade-Cotton-Increased Value-Course of Prices for past Year-Table of Crops and Comparative Value - Sugar-Entire CropCourse of Market-Progress of Production Table of Crops and Values-Tobacco-State of Crops-Production and Value-Freights-Rates of-Number of Arrivals...... III. PRODUCE AND RAW MATERIALS. Influence of Gold-Stimulus to Industry-Producers more Prosperous-Greater Demand for Clothing-Raw Materials-English Purchases-Decline in Values to 1850-Rise since-Increased Markets-Prominence of Cotton-Sources of English Supply-India a Consumer of Cotton - Goods sent ThitherEgypt as a Market-Hand-loom Goods-United States Cotton-Proportion_taken by England-Larger Purchases by Europe - More Cotton per Hand-Exported Produce of the South-Food Raised-South and North--Articles of Food-The South Raises its own Food-Cattle-Hay not an Evidence of Wealth-A Necessity of Climate-Coal Analogy -Comparative Value of Produce-Rise in the Value of Cotton.... ..... 147 156 165 170 IV. AMERICAN TRADE IN THE BLACK SEA. By J. P. BROWN, United States Acting Consul at Constantinople. V. DECIMAL SYSTE AND SILVER COINS OF THE UNITED STATES. By Col FREDERICK A. SAWYER, of California 177 VI. THE INDIAN ARCHIPELAGO SOUTH OF THE EQUATOR-DUTCH EXCLUSIVENESS AND RESTRICTIONS TO COMMERCE. BY THOMAS DATON, JR., of New York... ... VIL CUSTOMS REFORM IN BELGIUM... 188 ........ 187 JOURNAL OF MERCANTILE LAW. Salvage-Vessels Employed in Salvage Business-Rights and Duties of Salfors-Liability for Negligence-Saving of Life Seamen's Wages COMMERCIAL CHRONICLE AND RIEW. Close of the Decade--Scale of Progression--Comparative Exports of free Nations--Immense Increase of Exports-Development of Capital--United States for Forty Years-Trade--Tonnage--Railroads --Disasters of 1819--United States Bank-Tarif Policy--Revolution--Bank War--Speculation of 1836--Explosion--Death of the Monster-Close of Fourth Decade-Failures of Nine States--Improvement-Famine of 1946--Wa-Revolution--Gold Discoveries-Return of Confidence--Progress-Over-action--Panic-vestments of Capital--Acoumalation of Capital--Strong Position--Gold Yield--Great Prospects for the Future--Price of Money--Dividends and Rates of Bills-Specio Exports Assay-office--Mint--Aggregate Specie Exportation--Drain on the Banks--Amount in Banks. Nine Cities--Decrease of Reserve-Increase of Circulation--Imports of past Year--Failures--Annual Report-Proportion-Trade of the past Year-Total in Statement.. 10 VOL. XLII.-NO. II. 191 192 ..194-212 National Bank of Austria-Debt... JOURNAL OF BANKING, CURRENCY, AND FINANCE. Bank Clearing-house of New York.. Statistics of Washington...... City Weekly Bank Keturns-Banks of New York, Boston, Philadelphia, New Orleans, Pittsburg, St. Louis, Providence....... PAGE 212 214 215 220 British Shilling in Canada.-Debt of the State of New York.. 221 Cities of Ohio. Pennsylvania Finances.- Finances of Kentucky... Valuation of Virginia.-Bank of England Notes.............. 222 223 224 Grand Tax List of the State of Ohio for two years.-The Tuscan Coinage... 225 STATISTICS OF TRADE AND COMMERCE. The Calcutta Trade ..... Vessels Surveyed in New York. - Trade of Parana ........ POSTAL DEPARTMENT. Statistics of the United States Post-office for 1858.. COMMERCIAL REGULATIONS. Colored Glass.-Mill Stones not Burr.-Nut Galls 226 228 .......... 229 230 231 239 234 235 236 The Wreck Register of England for 1858......... JOURNAL OF INSURANCE. New England Mutual Life Insurance Company. Insurance in Virginia.-Marine Losses for 1859... JOURNAL OF MINING, MANUFACTURES, AND ART. Mining and Stamping copper.-Electro-Magnetism among the Spindles. Bread-Making in Spain... Tempering Axes.-False Diamond.. RAILROAD, CANAL, AND STEAMBOAT STATISTICS. Railroad Tolls and Tonnage. Test of the Great Eastern-Vessels passed through the Welland Canal during 1859.. Marine Engines. - Railway Tunnel through the Alps, Boring by Machinery.. 287 240 242 243 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 The Sufferings of Indolence.--A Slave Landing in Cuba. THE BOOK TRADE. Notices of new Books or new Editions..... 265 266 267 268 269 270 271-272 HUNT'S MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW. FEBRUARY, 1860. Art. I.-PARTIAL REVIEW OF MR. CAREY'S LETTERS TO THE PRESIDENT. REPLY TO MR. HENRY CAREY BAIRD. By reference to the December number it will be seen that our opponent has, after some delay, changed his tactics. He has ceased to carry the war into Africa, but appears now to rest his cause upon defensive operations. And I must confess that I am a little disappointed, as I had expected that he would have continued to apply to each of the important points of my opinions "its proper test." It appears that he has done little else in his last paper but ask questions; and because the statistics he has hitherto produced have proved to him worse than a broken staff, he seems modestly to expect that I ought to explain all difficulties, or, in fact, to undertake to harmonize all that has been written by the principal English authors upon political economy. But this seems to me not only unreasonable, but quite unnecessary. We are only concerned with the main principles of the subject, and whether they necessarily lead to free trade or protection. Notwithstanding, however, if my space will allow, I will endeavor to accommodate him as far as possible. But before proceeding further, let us set him right upon one particular point. Mr. Baird says: "In regard to statistics, Mr. Sulley has himself informed us that very little reliance can be placed upon them as a proof of the operation of general principles, thus clearly indicating his preference for the treatment of social problems by the deductive system." Now, so far from this being my true position, I have not the least objection to statistics when they are known to be facts, and when they are free from those disturbing influences which I have pointed out; but when they are got up for particular purposes, or to support a certain theory, then, in my opinion, they are entitled to very little consideration, and ought to be treated with all the rigor possible, consistent with truth, at the hands of an opponent. Mr. Baird ought to have quoted the two following sentences in the same paragraph, and then 1 should not have had to com |