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72

Holidays of the World-Continued.

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6...The Epiphany.
2*.. Purification.

Aug. 10... Independence of Quito. Feb. 23, 24.. Annamite Festival. Jan. Aug. 15*.. Assumption. April 2... Cambodgian Festival. Feb. Sept. 18... National Holiday (Sep-May 24... Birth of Buddha. Mar. 3... Mon. bef. Lent Carniv. aration from Chile). June 19...2d Annam. New Yrs. Mar. 4...Tues. bef. Lent Carniv. Oct. 9...Ind. of Guayaquil. Aug. 27... Native 'All Souls' Day.' Mar. 25*.. Annunciation. Oct. 12...Discovery of America. Sept. 25... Fete of the Lanterns. April 17... Holy Thursday. Nov. 2...All Souls' Day. Date Movable.. Harvest Festival. April 18...Good Friday. Dec. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. There are also several other April 19... Holy Saturday. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. holidays observed by the Anna-May 29...The Ascension. mites or by the Cambodgians. June 19*.. Corpus Christi. chiefly religious in character. June 24*. . St. John the Baptist. These native holidays are not gen-June 29...St. Peter and St. Paul. 7...Christmas Day (O. S.).erally observed by foreign banks June 30...Reform Day. Jan. 14... New Year's Day (O.S.). or merchants.

* Unofficial.

Jan.
Jan.

Mar.

EGYPT.

1...New Year's Day.

3...Carnival in Alexandria. April 18... Good Friday.

GERMANY.

July 25*..St. Iago (St. James).
Aug. 15...Assumption.

Sept. 8*.. Nativity.

Sept. 15... Independence Day.
Oct. 12... Discovery of America.
Oct. 27-28-29..Fiesta de Minerva.
1... All Saints' Day.

1... New Year's Day.

April 21... Easter Monday.

June 7... Whit Sunday Eve in Jan.

Alexandria.

June 9... Whit Mond., Al'andria. Mar.

6*.. The Epiphany.
27... Kaiser's Birthday.
2*.. Purification.
4*..Shrove Tuesday (Mardi)

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(1st) Gras).
Mar. 5*.. Ash Wednesday.
(2nd Mar. 25*.. Annunciation.
April 18...Good Friday.
(1st April 21... Easter Monday.
May 29...The Ascension.
(2d June 9... Whit Monday.

June 19*.. Corpus Christi.

2*.. All Souls' Day. 8...Immaculate Concept'n. Dec. 25... Christmas Day.

The Fiesta de Minerva occurs on the three days following the last Sunday in October. * Un[official. HAITI.

(3d June 29*..St. Peter and St. Paul. Jan. 1...New Year's Day-In

Aug. 15*.. Assumption.

Sept. 25...Jewish New Year's in Sept.
Alexandria.

Nov.

Oct. 4...Jewish Day of Atone- Nov.
ment (Alexandria).
Dec. 25... Christmas Day.

8*.. Nativity.

1*.. All Saints' Day.
2*.. All Souls' Day.
8*.. Immaculate Concept'n.
25... Christmas Day.
26... Day after Christmas.
dan

Dec.
Dec.

(M) Dates for Mohammedan Dec. holidays are approximate only.

ENGLAND.

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* Dates marked with an asterisk Nov.
are celebrated as holidays in Nov.
Catholic Germany
Germany only. The Dec.

(See United Kingdom In this list.) Stock Exchanges at
Exchanges at Berlin and

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1... All Saints' Day. 2... All Souls' Day. 25...Christmas Day.

HAWAII

1... New Year's Day. 1*.. Chinese New Year. 22... Washington's Birthday. April 18*.. Good Friday. May 30...Decoration Day. June 11... Kamehama Day. Jan. 7...Christmas Day (O.S.).|July 4...Independence Day. Jan. 8...2d Xmas Day (0.S.). Sept. 1...Labor Day (1st Mon.). Jan. 14...New Year's Day (O.S.). Sept. 21...Regatta Day (3d Sat.). Jan. 19...Theophanie (O.S.). Nov. 27...Thanksgiving Day. Dec. 25...Christmas Day.

Epiphany.

GREECE.

In Finland the calendar used is that of the New Style, but Russian Jan. 20...St. John the Baptist

(O.S.).

official holidays have hitherto been Feb. 15*.. Hypapanti (O.S.). Can

dlemas.

* Observed by many business houses but not established by law.

observed in the Governor-General's
Chancellery, in certain public
Mar. 3*.. Sexagesima (O.S.).
offices and in the schools. It
should be noted that days preced- Mar. 11...1st day of Lent (0.8.).
ing holidays are always half-
half-April 7...Annunciat'n Theotokos Feb.
(O.S.). Independence Day.
holidays, the banks and other
public institutions closing 1 P. M. April 12...Zoodochos-Pihi.

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HONDURAS.

1... New Year's Day.
6...The Epiphany.

2*.. Purification.

3...Mon. bef, Lent Carniv. 4...Tues. bef. Lent Carniv. Mar. 25*.. Annunciation, April 17... Holy Thursday. April 18.....Good Friday.

April 19... Holy Saturday.

May 29...The Ascension.

June 19*.. Corpus Christi.
June 24*..St. John the Baptist.
June 29...St. Peter and St. Paul.
Aug. 15... Assumption.
Sept. 8*.. Nativity.
Sept. 15...Independence Day.
Oct.

4... Celebrat'n of Francisco Morazan.

Aug. 28...Assumption (O.S.). Oct.
Sept. 11*.. Death of St. John the Nov.
Baptist (O.S.).
Sept. 21...Nativity (O.S.).

In normal times there are many Sept. 27*.. Exalt'n of Cross (O.S.).
bcal holidays observed at Lille, Nov. 8...St. Dimitrius (O.S.).
Tourcoing and Roubaix. * Dates Nov. 21*..St. Michael and St.
Indicated by an asterisk the Paris Gabriel (0.S.).
Stock Exchange does not close. Nov. 26*..St. John Chrisostome
While Carnivals are not official (O.S.).
Qolidays, very little business is Dec. 13*..St. Andrew (O.S.).
ransacted.

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12... Discovery of America. 1...All Saints' Day. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. 25... Christmas Day. * Unofficial.

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Holidays of the World-Continued.

Aug. 5...Bank Holiday.
May
Aug. 26*..Chinese All Souls' Day. June
Oct. 8*..Chinese Autumn Holi-Aug.
day (first day).
Nov. 1*.. Chinese

the
Mid-Autumn Nov.
Festival (Feast of the Lanterns). Dec.
Dec. 7*.. Birthday of Confucius. Dec.
Dec. 23*.. Winter Solstice.
Dec. 25...Christmas Day.
Dec. 26... Boxing Day.

* Observed

chants.

Jan.

by

Chinese

INDIA.

1... New Year's Day. Jan. 18*.. Bara Wafat. Mar.

mer

2*.. Maha Shivaratri.
Mar. 21*.. Jamshedi Naoroz.
April 11*.. Ramnavami (B.).
April 18...Good Friday.
April 19... Easter Saturday.
April 21... Easter Monday.
June 3...King-Emperor's B'day
June 9... Whit Monday.

Aug.
Aug.

1*.. Ramzan-Id.

2... Cocoanut Day.

Aug. 21*.. Gokul-Ashtami (B.).
Sept. 1*.. Ganesh-Chaturthi and
Samvat-Sari (Jain).

(B.).

Sept. 11*.. Parsi New Year.
Sept. 16*.. Khordadsal.

Oct.

6*.. Dussera (B.).

Oct. 25-26-27*.... Divali (B.).
Nov. 7*.. Mohurrum (B.).
Dec. 25-26. Christmas Holidays.
*Native holidays officially sanc-
tioned by the Government under

24...Empire Day.
3... King's Birthday.

73

days observed in certain States or cities. Due days precede Sunday

1...Abolition of Slavery in or legal holidays. Unofficial. British Colonies.

9...King Edward's Day.
25...Christmas Day.
26...Boxing Day.

JAPAN.

NETHERLANDS.

Jan. 1... New Year's Day.
April 18... Good Friday.
April 19...Holy Saturday.
April 21... Easter Monday.
May 29... The Ascension.

Jan. 1, 3, 5.. New Year's Holl- June 9... Whit Monday.
days: Shiho-Hal, Genshi-sai,

Shin-nen-en-kai.

Aug. 31...Birthday of the Queen.
Dec. 25... Christmas Day.

Feb. 11... Kigen-setsu (Anniver- Dec. 26... Day after Christmas.
sary Coronation of 1st Emperor).
Mar. 21...Shunki-korci-sai (Spring and the Amsterdam Stock
In addition to the above, banks
Ex-
Festival).
April 3...Jimmu-Tenno-sai (An- Saturday during July and August.
change are usually closed every
niversary death of 1st Emperor).
April 18... Good Friday (Foreign
Merchants).

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Section 25 of Act XXVI. of 1881, public offices, as well as banks and Dec. 26. Boxing Day. entitled the "Negotiable Instru-large arms close on Sundays, and In addition to the foregoing there ment Act." The dates are approxi- Government offices and schools also are local holidays at leading towns mate, as precise dates are fixed by close on Saturday afternoons. on the following dates: Auckland, the native calendar in several cases. most mills and factories work is Marlborough, Nov. 1; Nelson, Feb. Jan. 29; Canterbury, Dec. Dec. 16; The exact dates are duly an- suspended on the first and fifteenth nounced by the Government each of each month, instead of on Sun-Taranaki, April 1, and Wellington, 2: Otago and Southland, Mar. 23; year. Those marked (B.) are also days, and only the New Year Year Jan. 22.

NICARAGUA.

axed as holidays under Charter-holidays, the Kigen-setsu (Feb. Parties by the Bombay Chamber 11), and Ten-cho-setsu (Aug. 31), of Commerce. The Government holidays are observed. Railway, Jan. 1... New Year's Day. also recognizes some twenty or postal and telegraphic services are Jan. more other holidays observed by maintained every day in the year, Feb. 6*..The Epiphany. 2*.. Purification. the Hindu, Parsi, Mohammedan, and all stores are open every day Mar. 4*..Shrove Tues. (Carniv.). Jewish and Jain religions. Also the except the New Year holidays and Mar. 25*.. Annunciation. four days following Christmas as July 1 and 15. No Sundays are April 17*.. Holy Thursdayoptional holidays for the Christian observed. population.

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5...Anniv. of Constitution.Aug.
4...Shrove Tues. (Carniv.).
Mar. 19..St. José (St. Joseph).
Már. 25*.. Annunciation.
April 17*.. Holy Thursday.
April 13*.. Good Friday.
April 19*.. Holy Saturday,
May 5...Anniversary del Tri-
umfo, 1862.

May 29*.. The Ascension.
June 19*.. Corpus Christi.
June 24*..St. John the Baptist.
June 29*..St. Peter and St. Paul.
15*.. Assumption.
Sept. 8*.. Nativity.

(Flor-Aug.

June 24...St. John the Baptist.

Sept. 16...Anniv. of Independ.
Nor. 1*.. All Saints' Day,

June 29...St. Peter and St. Paul. Nov. 20...Begin'g Rev'n in 1910.

Aug. 15... Assumption.

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Dec. 12*..Our Lady of Guade-
loupe.

Dec. 25... Christmas Day.

Other dates formerly celebrated

were:

Mar. 21... Birthday of Juarez.
April 2...Taking of Puebla.
May 8...Birthday of Hidalgo.
May 15...Taking of Queretaro.
June 21...Occupation of Mexico
July 18... Death of Juarez.
July 30...Death of Hidalgo.
Sept. 15... Birthday of Gen. Diaz.
Sept. 30... Birthday of Morelos,
Dec. 22... Death of Morelos.

Sept. 15... Independence C. Amer.
Oct. 12...Columbus or Disc. Day.
Nov. 1*.. All Saints' Day.
Nov. 2*.. All Souls' Day.
Dec. 25...Christmas Day.

*Unofficial.

NORWAY.

Jan. 1... New Year's Day.
April 17...Holy Thursday.
April 18...Good Friday.
April 21... Easter Monday.
May 17... Independence Day.
May 29...The Ascension.
Oct. 31...Thanksgiving Day.
June 9... Whit Monday.
Thanksgiving Day in Norway is
a movable date. It will fall as
follows for the next five years:
1918, Nov. 1; 1919, Oct. 31, 1920.
Nov. 5; 1921, Nov. 4: 1922, Nov. 3.
PANAMA.

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Feb. 15...Constitution of Repub.
Mar. 25*.. Annunciation.
April 17*.. Holy Thursday.
April 18*.. Good Friday.
There are also many local holl-April 19*.. Holy Saturday.

74

Holidays of the World-Continued.

Dec. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. Jan. 19...The Epiphany (O.S.). * Unofficial.

May 29*.. The Ascension.
June 19*.. Corpus Christi.
June 29*.. St. Peter and St. Paul.
July · 4...American Indep. Day.
July 24...B'day of Gen. Bolivar.
Aug. 15*. . Assumption.

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Sept. 8*.. Nativity.

Feb.

Oct. 12...Columbus Day.

Nov.

1.. All Saints' Day.

Nov.

Dec.

+

* Unofficial.

PORTO RICO.

1... New Year's Day.
12... Lincoln's Birthday.
22... Washington's Birthday.
Mar. 22...Emancipation Day.
April 18... Good Friday.

July

3...Separat'n fr. Colombia. May 14...Mothers' Day. Nov. 28...Independence of Spain. May 30...Decoration Day. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. June 26*..St. John the Baptist. Dec. 25... Christmas Day. 4...Independence Day. July 25...Occupation Day. Sept. 1...Labor Day. Oct. 12... Columbus Day. 2*.. All Saints' Day. Nov. 6... General Election. Nov. 27...Thanksgiving Day. Dec. 25...Christmas Day.

PARAGUAY.

Jan. 1... New Year's Day.
Feb. 3...San Blas Day.
April 17... Holy Thursday.
April 18...Good Friday.

May 14, 15..Independence Days.
June 19...Corpus Christi,
Aug. 15*.. Assumption.
Oct. 12...Columbus Day.
Nov. 1... All Saints' Day.
Nov. 25... Adopt'n of Constitut'n.
Dec. 8...Immaculate Concept'n.
Dec. 25...Christmas Day.

Nov.

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Aug. 19... Transfiguration (O.S.). Aug. 28... Assumption (O.S.). Sept. 21... Nativity (0.8.). Sept. 27... Exalt n of Cross (O.S.). *Unofficial. In addition to the above the Stock Exchange at Petrograd closes on the following days: Jan. 13, Feb. 13, May 13, Due days follow Sundays and May 22, May 24, Sept. 11, Oct. 9, legal holidays. * Unofficial, but Oct. 14, and Dec. 4. The first quite generally observed. The three are the last days of the various ports celebrate locally the months of December, January, and festivals of their patron saints. April (0.S.), while the others are PORTUGAL. festival days in the Greek Church. SALVADOR.

Jan. * Celebrated at Asuncion as the Jan. date of the founding of the city June

in 1536.

PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.

Jan. 1... New Year's Day.
Feb. 22... Washington's Birthday.
April 17...Holy Thursday.
April 18...Good Friday.
May 1... Labor Day.
May 30...Memorial Day.
June 6... Elect'n Day (ev. 4 yrs.).
July 4...Independence Day.

Aug. 13... Occupation Day.
Nov. 27...Thanksgiving Day.
Dec. 25... Christmas Day.
Dec. 30...Rizal Day.

The following religious holidays
are also observed in the Philippines,
but are not legal holidays:
1...Ctrcunrcision.

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1... New Year's Day.
6*.. The Epiphany.
1... Civic Holiday.

1...Univ. Brotherh'd Day.
31...Memorial Day.*
Jan.
19...Munic'l Hol. (Lisbon). Mar.
May 3...Anniv. Discov. Brazil. Jan.
June 24...Munic' Hol. (Oporto).Mar. 15*.. Nat'l
Oct. 5...Republic Ind. Day.
Dec.

Dec. 25... Family Day.

Holiday-Com

memorating Gen. Morazan, April 17... Holy Thursday. April 18...Good Friday.

*The first attempt to establish April 19...Holy Saturday.

a republic in Portugal was
on Jan. 31, 1891.

RHODESIA,
Jan. 1... New Year's Day,
April 18...Good Friday.
April 21... Easter Monday.
May 24... Victoria Day.
May 29...The Ascension.
June
9... Whit Monday.

June

July

July

3...King's Birthday.
8...Cecil Rhodes Day.
9... Founders' Day.

made June 29*..St. Peter and St. Paul. Aug. 29*.. Nat'l Holiday-Commemorating Gen. Barrios.

Sept. 12*.. Occupation Day (Salis-
bury only).

Nov.

4*.. Occupation Day (Bu-
lawayo only).

Dec. 4...Shangani Day.
Dec. 25... Christmas Day.
26...Boxing Day.

*Not bank holidays.

Dec.

Jan.
Jan.

Nov. 30...St. Andrew the Apostle Jan. (Manila).

ROUMANIA.

7... Christmas Day (O.S.).
8...2d Xmas Day (O.S.).
9...3d Xmas Day (O.S.).

Sept. 15...Independence Day.
Oct. 12...Columbus Day.

Nov.
Nov.

Dec.

1*.. All Saints' Day.

5*.. Commemorating Generals Delgado, Arce, Rodriguez. 8.. Immaculate Concept'n. Dec. 24*.. Day before Christmas. Dec. 25... Christmas Day.

* Banks do not close on these

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days.

SCOTLAND.

(See United Kingdom.)

SERBIA.

Jan. 7...Christmas Day (0.8.).
Jan. 14*.. New Year's Day (O.S.).
Jan. 19...Theophanie (O.S.).
Jan. 27...St. Sava (O.S.).
April 13... Good Friday.
April 21*.. Easter Monday.
May 29...The Ascension.
June 15 Kossova Day.

Jan. 14...New Year's Day (O.S.). June 28...St. Vit" (O.S.).

Dec. 8...Immaculate Concept'n. Jan. 19...Theophanie (O.S.).

PERSIA.

Mar. 21 to 24.. New Year's Day Feb.
(No Rooz).

May 30...Ramazan (1st day).
azar
May 31... Ramazan (2d day).
June 28, 29.. Ramazan (last days).
Oct. 5... Ashura.

Jan.

Feb.

PERU.

6*..The Epiphany.
2*.. Purification.

Mar. 3...Mon, bef. Lent Carniv.
Mar. 4...Tues. bef. Lent Carniv.
Mar. 19*..San José (St. Joseph).
Mar. 25*.. Annunciation.
April 17...Holy Thursday.
April 18...Good Friday.
April 19*.. Holy Saturday.
May 29*.. The Ascension.
June 19*.. Corpus Christi.

June 29* St. Peter and St. Paul.
July 28, 29, 30.. Nat. Ind. Days.
Aug. 15*.. Assumption.
Aug. 30.......Santa Rosa,
Sept. 8*.. Nativity.

Sept. 24... Nuestra Senora de las
Mercedes.

Oct. 12... Discovery of America.
Nov. 1*.. All Saints' Day.

July 12... King's Birthday.

Dec. 19*..St. Nicholas (O.S.). *Morning only observed.

SIAM.

Jan. 20...Theophanie (O.S.). (21 Aug. 19...Transiiguration (O.S.).
Day).
Aug. 28*.. Assumption (O.S.).
6...Unirea Princip'r (O.S.). Sept. 21. Nativity (O.Š.).
Feb. 15...Intampin'a Domnului. Sept. 27*.. Exalt'n of Cross (O.S.).
April 20....... Easter Sunday,
Dec. 4... Presentation Blessed
April 21... Easter Monday.
Virgin Mary.
May 6...St. George (O.S.).
May 23...Anniv. King's Corona'n
May 27...St, Treime (O.S.).
May 29...The Ascension.
June 3...St. Constantine and St.
July 12...St. Peter and St. Paul
Elena (O.S.).
Aug. 2...St. Elias (O.S.).
(O.S.).
Aug. 19...Transfiguration (O.S.).
Aug. 28... Assumption (O.S.).
Sept. 21... Nativity (O.Š.).

Jan. 1...King's Birthday: New
Year's Day in Bangkok.
April 1... Official New Year.
Feb. 11, 12, 13..Chinese New Yr.
April 18...Good Frid. (Bangkok).
April 19... Holy Sat. (Bangkok).
April 21... Easter Mond. (Bang'k).
May 20... Whit Monday (Bangk)
May 24...Victoria Day (Bang'k)
Sept. 27... Exalt'n of Cross (O.S.). June 3...King's B'day (Bang'k)
Nov. 8...St. Dimitrius (O.S.).
July 1... Half Yr. Hol. (Bang'k)

Nov. 21...St. Michael and Gabriel July 14. Fete Nat'nale (Bang'k)

(O.S.). Dec. |July 29-30..Begin. Buddhist Lent. 4... Presentation Blessed Oct. 24...End of Buddhist Lent. Virgin Mary.

Dec. 19...St. Nicholas (O.S.).

RUSSIA.

Dec. 2...King's Coronation.
Dec. 24...Xmas Eve (Bangkok).
Dec. 25...Xmas Day (Bangkok).
26...St. Stephen (Bangkok).
SPAIN.

Jan. 6-7-8..Christmas Holidays Dec.
Jan. 14... New Year's Day (O.S.).Jan.
.S.). Jan.

1...New Year's Day.

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Origin of "Brother Jonathan."

Mar. 19*..San José (St. Joseph).
Mar. 25*.. Annunciation.
April 17*.. Holy Thursday.

75

April 7*..Annunciat'n Theotokos Mar. 17...St. Patrick's Day (Ire

(O.S.).

April 17*.. Holy Thursday.
April 18*.. Good Friday.
April 21*.. Easter Monday.

April 18*.. Good Friday (A. M.). April 27... Accession

May 29...The Ascension.

June 19*.. Corpus Christi.
June 24*. St. John the Baptist.
June 29...San Pedro Day.

July 25...St. Iago, patr. of Spain.
Aug. 15... Assumption.
Sept. 8*.. Nativity.

Nov.

Dec.

1... All Saints' Day.
8...Immaculate Concept'n.

Dec. 25...Christmas Day.
* Unofficial.

Mehmed V.

of

land).

April 18...Good Friday.
April 21...Easter Monday.
May 1... May Day.

Sultan June 3*..King's Birthday.
June 9... Whit Monday.

April 27 or 28..Mirady Guedjesse May 24*.. Victoria Day.
(M.).

Aug.

5...Bank Holiday. 25...Christmas Day. Dec. 26...Boxing Day.

May 15 or 16.. "Leile Berat" (M.) Dec.
May 29*.. The Ascension.

May 30 or 31.."Ramazan" (1st)
Day) (M.).

June 9*.. Whit Monday.

Jan.

June 13 or 14.."Hirkai Cherif" April
(M.).
May

June 17 (or 18), April 6 or 7-Aug.

(In Scotland).

1... New Year's Day. 18... Good Friday. 6...Bank Holiday. 5...Bank Holiday. "Utch Ailar" (6th Day of the Dec. 25...Christmas Day. 7th Moon) (M.). *Not established by law. observed to some extent, but are June 25 or 26.."Leile Kader" (M) London Stock Exchange does not not legal holidays. June 29...Cheker Bairam (also close on these days, but is closed Jewish New Year's), (M.), or 1on Nov. 1 (All Saints' Day). day later.

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June 30...Cheker Bairam Second
Day or 1 day later (M.).
July 1...Cheker Bairam Third Jan. 6*.. The Epiphany.
Day (M.), or 1 day later.
July 23...Procl. of Constitution. April 17...Holy Thursday.
Aug. 15.. Assumption.
April 18...Good Friday.
Aug. 28*.. Assumption (O.S.).
April 19...Holy Saturday.
Sept. 5 to 8..Courban Bairam (4 April 18, 19, 20 (A).. Landing of
Days) (M.).
Uruguayan Patriots.
Sept. 22... Birthday of the Sultan. May 18...Battle of Las Piedras.
Sept.25 or 26.. Mohammedan New May 25...Independence River
Year (M.).

Oct.

4...Jewish Atonement.

Plate Provinces.

May 29*.. The Ascension.

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Nov. 1*.. All Saints' Day. Dec. 5...Birth of the Prophet June 29*..St. Peter and St. Paul. (12th Day of 3d Moon) (M.). July 18...Constitution Day. Dec. 16...Death of the Prophet. Aug. 15*.. Assumption. Dec. 25*.. Christmas Day. In addition to the above holidays *Holidays observed by banking Oct. 12...Columbus Day. Aug. 25... Ind. of Uruguay. the following half holidays and the Nov. half holidays are and mercantile houses and 1*.. All Saints' Day. usually observed by banks: Bourse at Constantinople. (M) Dec. 8*.. Immaculate Concept'n. April 19...Easter Eve. Dates for Mohammedan holidays Dec. 25...Christmas Day. June 7... Whitsun Eve. are approximate only. (A) Celebrated every fourth year June 23...Midsummer Day. TURKEY IN ASIA (SMYRNA) will occur in 1920). beginning 1864 (next celebration Dec. 24... Christmas Eve. * Unofficial. *Not legal holidays.

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1... New Year's Day.
7...Christmas Day (O.S.).
Jan. 14...New Year's Day (O.S.).Jan.
Jan. 19...Theophanie (O.S.).

April 17*.. Holy Thursday (A. M.April 15...Jewish Passover.

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VENEZUELA.

1...New Year's Day.
6*.. The Epiphany.
2*.. Purification.

Mar. 25*.. Annunciation.

April 17*.. Holy Thursday.
April 18...Good Friday.

April 19...1st Movement for Ind.
May 29*.. The Ascension.

and June 19*.. Corpus Christi.
June 24...Battle of Carabobo.

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July (1st Aug.

Sept.

June 29-30, July 1. Cheker Bair-June
am (1st, 2d, and 3d days).
Sept. 5, 6..Courban Bairam
and 2d day).
Sept. 25-26. Mohammedan
Year Holidays.
Oct.

4...Jewish Atonement.
Dec. 25... Christmas Day.
* Observed by the Greeks.
UNITED KINGDOM.

New Oct.

Jan. 19*..Theophanie (The(In England, Ireland and Wales).
Epiphany) (0.8.),ƒ

Jan. 1...New Year's Day.

29*..St. Peter and St. Paul.
5...Independence Day.

15.. Assumption.
8*.. Nativity.

28... Bolivar Day.

1*.. All Saints' Day.

8*..Immaculate Concept'n.

Dec. 19... National Holiday.
Dec. 25... Christmas Day.
* Unofficial.

WALES.

(See United Kingdom).

ORIGIN OF BROTHER JONATHAN."
(From Dwight's American Magazine in 1847.)

THE origin of this term, applied to the United States, is given in a recent number of the Norwich Courier. The editor says it was communicated by an intelligent gentleman, now upward of eighty years of age, who was an active participator in the scenes of the Revolution. The story is as follows: "When Gen. Washington, after being appointed Commander of the Army of the Revolution, came to Massachusetts to organize it and make preparations for the defense of the country, he found a great destitution of ammunition and other means necessary to meet the powerful foe he had to contend with, and great difficulty to obtain them. If attacked in such a condition the cause at once might be hopeless. On one occasion, at that anxious period, a consultation of the officers and others was had when it seemed no way could be devised to make such preparation as was necessary. His Excellency Jonathan Trumbull the elder, who was then Governor of the State of Connecticut, on whose judgment and aid the General placed the greatest reliance, remarked, we must consult "Brother Jonathan" on the subject. The General did so, and the Governor was successful in supplying many of the wants of the army. When difficulties later arose, and the army was spread over the country, it became a by-word, "we must consult Brother Jonathan." The term Yankee is still applied to a portion, but "Brother Jonathan" has now become a designation of the whole country, as John Bull has for England.

76

B. C.

1183 Fall of Troy.

1082 Era of the Great Pyramid. 878 Carthage founded.

776 Olympic Era began.

753 Foundation of Rome.

Memorable Dates.

MEMORABLE DATES.

588 Jerusalem taken by Nebuchadnezzar. 536 Restoration of the Jews under Cyrus. 509 Expulsion of Tarquins from Rome. 480 Xerxes defeated Greeks at Thermopylæ. 55 Cæsar conquered Britain.

4 Birth of Jesus Christ.

A. D.

29 The Crucifixion.

70 Jerusalem was destroyed by Titus. 313 Constantine converted to Christianity. 410 The Romans abandoned Britain.

827 Egbert, first king of England, Oct. 14. 1066 Battle of Hastings, Norman Conquest. 1096 The Crusades began.

1172 Ireland was conquered by Henry II.

1215 King John granted Magna Charta, June 15. 1265 First Representative Parliament in England. 1415 Battle of Agincourt, Oct. 25.

1431 Joan of Arc was burnt, May 30.

1453 Constantinople taken by the Turks.
1455 The Wars of the Rogos began.

1462 The Bible was first printed at Mentz.
1471 Caxton set up his printing press.
1483 Martin Luther born, Nov. 10.
1492 Columbus discovered America, Oct. 12.
1517 The Reformation began in Germany.
1519 Cortez began the conquest of Mexico.
1535 The first English Bible printed.
1539 Monasteries wero closed in England.
1558 Accession of Queen Elizabeth, Nov. 17.
1564 Shakespeare born, April 23.
1565 Revolt of the Netherlands began.
1565 St. Augustine, Fla., settled.

1572 The St. Bartholomew Massacre, Aug. 24.
1588 The Spanish Armada defeated, July.
1603 Union of England and Scotland.
1607 Jamestown, Va., was settled, May 13.
1609 Hudson River first explored.
1616 Shakespeare died, April 23.

1618 Thirty Years' War in Germany began.
1620 Pilgrims by the Mayflower landed.
1623 Manhattan Island settled.

1634 Maryland settled by Roman Catholics.
1636 Rhode Island settled by Roger Williams.
1640 Cromwell's Long Parliament assembled.
1649 Charles I. was beheaded, Jan. 30.
1653 Cromwell became Lord Protector.
1660 Restoration of the Stuarts.

1664 New York conquered from the Dutch.
1664 The great plague of London.

1666 The great fire of London began, Sept. 2.
1679 Habeas Corpus Act passed in England.
1682 Pennsylvania settled by Wm. Penn.
1685 Revocation of the Edict of Nantes.
1688 James II. abdicated, Dec. 11.

1690 Battle of the Boyne, July 1 (July 12 new style).
1690 First newspaper in America; at Boston.
1704 Gibraltar was taken by the English.
1706 Benjamin Franklin börn, Jan. 17.

1713 Peace of Utrecht, April 11.

1714 Accession of House of Hanover, Aug. 1.

1715 First Jacobite Rebellion in Great Britain; the second in 1745.

1720 South Sea Bubble.

1742 Gen. Nath. Greene born, Aug. 7.

1745 Battle of Fontenoy, April 30.

1756 Black Hole Suffocation in Calcutta.

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A. D.

1783 British evacuated New York, Nov. 25. 1788 First settlement in Australia, Jan. 26. 1789 The French Revolution began, July 14, 1789 Washington Arst inaugurated President, April 30.

1793 Cotton-gin Invented by Whitney.

1793 Louis XVI. of France executed, Jan. 21, 1796 Vaccination discovered by Jenner.

1798 The Irish Rebellion.

1799 Bonaparte declared First Consul.

1801 Union of Great Britain and Ireland, Jan. 1.
1803 Louisiana purchased from the French.
1804 Bonaparte became Emperor of France.
1805 Battle of Trafalgar; death of Nelson.
1805 Battle of Austerlitz, Dec. 2.

1807 Robert E. Lee born, Jan. 19. 1807 Fulton's first steamboat voyage.

1812 Second war with Great Britain.

1812 The French expedition to Moscow.

1813 Perry's victory on Lake Erie, Sept. 10.

1814 The printing machine invented. 1814 Scott's "Waverley" published.

1814 Battle of Lake Champlain, McDonough's Victory, Sept. 11.

1815 Battle of New Orleans, Jan. 8.

1815 Battle of Waterloo, June 18.

1819 First steamship crossed the Atlantic.

1823 Monroe Doctrine declared, Dec. 2.

1828 First passenger railroad in United States.

1830 Revolution in France, Orleanist succession.

1835 Morse invented the telegraph.

1835 Seminole War in Florida began.

1835 Great fire in New York City, Dec. 16-17. 1837 Accession of Queen Victoria, June 20. 1845 Texas annexed.

1846 Sewing machine completed by Howe. 1846 The Irish Potato Famine.

1846 British Corn Laws repealed, June 26. 1816 War with Mexico began.

1847 Battle of Chapultepec, Sept. 13.

1848 French Revolution. Republic succeeded.
1848 Gold discovered in California, Sept.
1851 Gold discovered in Australia, Feb. 12.
1851 First International Exhibition, London,
1852 Louis Napoleon became Emperor.
1853 Crimean War bega..

1854 Japan opened by Commodore Perry.
1857 The Great Mutiny in India.
1857 The Dred Scott decision.

1857 First Atlantic cable message, Aug. 4.
1859 John Brown's raid into Virginia.
1860 South Carolina seceded, Der. 20.
1861 Emancipation of the Russian serfs.
1831 Fort Sumter fred on, April 12.
1861 Battle of Bull Run, July 21.
1862 Battle of Antietam, Sept. 17.

1863 Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, Jan. 1.
1863 Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3.
1863 Battle of Chickamauge, Sept. 19-20.
1865 Lee surrendered at Appomattox, April 9.
1865 President Lincoln assassinated, April 14.
1867 Maximilian of Mexico executed.

1867 The Dominion of Canada established.

1869 Financial "Black Friday' in N. Y., Sept. 24. 1870 Franco-German War begun, July 19. 1870 French capitulated at Sédan, Sept. 1. 1871 The German Empire re-established. 1871 The great fire in Chicago, Oct. 8-11. 1872 The great fire in Boston, Nov. 9. 1876 Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia. 1876 Jarrett and Palmer train, New York to San Francisco, left Jersey City May 31: arrived San Francisco June 4: time of journey, 83 hours, 34 minutes.

1876 Hallett's Reef (Hell Gate) blown up, Sept. 2. 1876 Brooklyn Theatre fire, Dec. 5, 289 lives lost. 1878 Paris Exposition.

1881 President Garfield shot, July 2.

1882 Tuberculosis germ discovered by Dr. Koch. 1883 Brooklyn Bridge opened, May 24.

1884 Bartholdi's Statue of Liberty presented to U. S. at Paris, July 4.

1885 Hell Gate rocks blown up, Oct. 10. 1886 Charleston, S. C., earthquake, Aug. 31. 1886 Statue of Liberty on Bedloe's Island unveiled in presence of 1,000,000 people. The World raised $100,000 to erect the statue, Oct. 28. 1888 Great Blizzard in Eastern part of U. S., March 11-14.

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