Dublin, aged eighty-two. He was second son of Colonel Henry Peisley L'Estrange, of Mogstoun,King's County, by Grace, his wife, daughter of George Burdett, Esq., M.P., and was the descendant of the very ancient Norman family of Le Strange, of Hunstanton, Norfolk. Entering the army in early life, Sir George served throughout the Peninsular campaign, and received a medal and six clasps. At the close of the war, his regiment, the 31st, was reduced, and he was transferred to the Scots Fusilier Guards. In 1828, after his retirement from the army, he was appointed Chamberlain at the Viceregal Court of Ireland, and continued for many years to fill that station. In 1858 he was constituted Usher of the Black Rod to the Order of St. Patrick, which post he held till his death; and, in 1860 received the honour of knighthood. Courteous, kindhearted, liberal, and generous, Sir George L'Estrange gained universal popularity, even in the difficult duties of Viceregal Chamberlain. Personally he had not an enemy. He was a sympathiser with the poor, and a chosen companion of those in his own sphere, an expert angler and a keen sportsman.

COLONEL T. G. MONTGOMERIE.

The Athenæum says the death at Bath, at the early age of 47, of Colonel T. G. Montgomerie, R.E., F.R.S., whose name is so honourably associated with the study of the geography of India and Central Asia, will fill most AngloIndians and geographers with profound regret. Colonel Montgomerie entered the Indian Trigonometrical Survey Department in 1852, and soon after took a leading share in the measurement of the base lines of Chuch and Karachi. The Topographical Survey of Kashmir and of the mighty mass of the Himalayas up to the Tibetan frontier was his next noteworthy achievement; this survey covered an expanse of about 77,000 square miles, including some of the most stupendous ranges in the world, and occupied nine years. Colonel Montgomerie's name, however, is best known in connection with the TransHimalayan explorations which, although organised under the general superintendence of Colonel Walker, were conducted under the close supervision of the former officer. The plan consisted in training intelligent Asiatics (who were generally picked out from among frontier tribes) in the use of the

sextant, compass, and hypsometer, and despatching them, often in the disguise of merchants, to survey the regions adjoining our Indian frontier where a British officer's presence would not be tolerated. It would be difficult to convey within a brief notice, like this, an exact notion of the amount of survey work accomplished by this agency; but without reckoning the work of the native officers attached to the Yarkand Mission, it amounts to a total length of 4,500 miles of route survey in Tibet, Kashgaria, Badakshan, Kafiristan, &c., along which routes our geographical knowledge has been accurately established. The importance to India of such work from a military, political, commercial, or administrative point of view will always redound to Colonel Montgomerie's fame. In consequence of his failing health, he had been compelled in 1876 to retire from the public service, to the great regret of his brother officers and of the Indian Government, who had on several occasions made prominent mention of his services. One of his last official labours was to discharge the duties of British Commissioner at the Paris Geographical Congress and Exhibition of 1875. Colonel Montgomerie was a gold medallist of the Royal Geographical Society (to whose journal he had contributed many interesting papers) and a Fellow of the Royal Society.

MR. HENRY THOBY PRINSEP.

This gentleman, long known in connection with Indian affairs, and late a member of Her Majesty's Indian Council, died on February 11 from bronchitis, at Freshwater, in the Isle of Wight, in the 86th year of his age. The son of the late Mr. John Prinsep, some time alderman of London and M.P. for Queenborough, he was born in the year 1792, and received his early education at Haileybury College. He entered the East Indian Civil Service (Bengal Presidency) at the usual age, and served with distinction in the political and legal departments. After holding successively the posts of legal remembrancer and secretary, he was appointed in 1840 one of the Council of the Supreme Government of India. Retiring from the service and returning to England, he was elected one of the directors of the old East India Company, and on the establishment of the Indian Council under the Crown in 1858, he was appointed one of its members on account

This

Mr.

of his large Indian experience. post he resigned only recently. Prinsep, like his brother James, was distinguished as a scholar, and in his knowledge of Arabic and Persian he was almost without a rival. He was the author of a variety of pamphlets on questions of Indian finance, policy, education, &c., and also of some larger works, among which the most important are a "History of the Administration of the Marquis of Hastings," a "History of the Life of Runjeet Singh," and "Historical Results from Discoveries in Afghanistan." Mr. Prinsep held a seat in Parliament, though only for a short time, in 1851, as member for Harwich, in the place of Sir John Hobhouse, who was raised to the peerage, but he was unseated on petition.

LIEUTENANT COLONEL
C. E. TAYLOR.

With much regret we record the death of this officer of Her Majesty's Indian Army. The dates of his commissions are as follows:-Ensign, February 1842; captain, March 1850; major, July 1862; lieutenant-colonel, February 1868. Lieutenant-Colonel Taylor was appointed aide-de-camp to Major-General Sir Badcock Lovell, K.C.B., H.M. 15th Hussars, during the Mahratta campaign, 1844, when commanding the Madras Force; but rejoined his regiment at end of campaign. Served during the last Burmese war in 1852. Appointed Quartermaster of Brigade, Madras Brigade Army of Ava, by General Goodwin, C.B., commanding the Forces; rejoined his regiment when the Army of Ava was broken up, and the war had ended. Received a medal and clasp. Appointed in January 1856, by General Anson, Commanderin-Chief, Madras, to the General Staff, as officiating Brigade-Major of Malabar and Canara, and was confirmed in the appointment by the subsequent Commander-in-Chief, General Sir P. Grant, G.C.B. Continued in Department of Brigade-Major until 1862, when he was appointed to officiate as Assistant Adjutant-General at Army Head Quarters, Madras. In same year was posted to a district as Deputy-Assistant AdjutantGeneral, and promoted in 1863 to Assistant Adjutant-General by General Sir Hope Grant, G. C.B., Commander-inChief, and served as such for five years; at the expiration of which time was re-appointed to the Nagpore District by Lieutenant-General Sir Gaspard Le Marchant, G.C.B., Commander-in-Chief,

but owing to a severe accident was compelled to relinquish it and return to England in 1869.

SIR ALFRED T. WILDE, K.C.B.

We regret to state that intelligence has been received of the decease of Lieutenant-General Sir Alfred Thomas Wilde, K.C.B., one of the members of Her Majesty's Indian Council, which happened on February 7, at the age of 58. The third son of the late Mr. Edward Archer Wilde, by his marriage with Marianne, daughter of the late Mr. William Norris, he was brother of Lord Penzance, and nephew of Lord Chancellor Truro; he was born in the year 1819, and received his early education at Winchester School. He entered the Indian army in 1839, obtaining a commission in the 19th Madras Native Infantry, and served with distinction through the disturbances on the Malabar coast in 1843. In 1853 he received the thanks of the Indian Government for defeating a body of the Waserees or Wasarees in a night attack they made upon the post of Bahadoor Khail, and again for other services afforded by him during the great inundation of the Indus in 1856. He was also actively engaged against the Belochees in 1857, and also throughout the mutiny of that and the following year; he took part in the storming of Delhi, and was one of those officers to whom the thanks of the Government were accorded. He was also present at the siege of Lucknow, where he was severely wounded; for his services here he was made brevet lieutenant-colonel and a Companion of the Order of the Bath; he received the thanks of the Chief Commissioner of the Punjab, and was also publicly mentioned in the despatches of Lord Clyde. He subsequently commanded the 4th Punjab Infantry in the expedition against the Mysoud Wasarees in 1860, for which he received the thanks of the brigadiergeneral in command. In 1862-3 he was again actively employed in the expeditions undertaken against the Sitanha and Mundee Fanatics, and again received the thanks of his superior officer in command. In 1868, with the rank of major-general, he commanded the Hazara Field Force in the expedition against the inhabitants of the Black Mountain, and received the thanks of the Governor-General and the rest of the Indian Government on relinquishing his command of the Punjab Frontier Force. During the years

1869 and 1870 he acted as military secretary to the Governor of Madras, and was promoted to lieutenant-general in 1877. He was nominated a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, Military Division, in 1869, and a Companion of the Star of India in 1866. He became a member of the Indian Council last year.

REV. J. W. WARTER.

The Rev. John Wood Warter, B.D., the learned and accomplished vicar of West Tarring, died on February 21. He was born in 1806, and graduated B.A. of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1827. In 1834 he was instituted to the vicarage of West Tarring, having previously served from 1829 to 1833 as chaplain to the British Embassy at Copenhagen. The picturesque village of Tarring is famous for the remains of the ancient palace of the Archbishops of Canterbury, the fig-trees which Bishop Richard of Chichester grafted with his own hand, and for the birthplace of John Selden, the great English legist; and Dr. Warter's affection for the parish prompted him to publish in 1860 two gossiping volumes, full of antiquarian interest-entitled "The Seaboard and the Down"-on its varied attractions in rural beauty and historic association. A few years later he issued a companion volume of "Parochial Fragments," taining more detailed particulars of the careers of Archbishop Becket and Selden. Having married the eldest daughter of the poet Southey, he devoted the leisure hours of many years of his life to editing the literary remains of his father-in-law. The sixth and seventh volumes of "The Doctor," and in 1848 the whole work in one volume, were issued under his care. He was also responsible for the publication of the contents of Southey's "Commonplace Book" (1849-50) in four huge volumes, and "Selections from Southey's Letters" (1856, four volumes), the last being a continuation of Cuthbert Southey's volumes of his father's correspondence.

March.

con

ARCHDUKE FRANCIS CHARLES OF AUSTRIA.

This aged Prince of the Imperial and Royal Family of Austria, Hungary, and Bohemia, who would have been Emperor if he had not chosen to with

son.

draw in favour of his son Francis Joseph, died at Vienna this month. He was second son of the Emperor Francis I., who reigned from 1792 to 1835, and who was the first Sovereign to be styled Emperor of Austria. The preceding Monarchs of that line had borne the title of Roman Emperor, or "Kaiser," but had more commonly been spoken of as "Emperors of Germany.' Francis I. was compelled by the first Napoleon to renounce that title, and took the title of "Emperor of Austria" instead. He was succeeded, in 1835, by the Emperor Ferdinand I., his eldest son, who was of imbecile mind, and who abdicated in the revolutionary troubles of 1848, leaving no The Archduke Francis Charles was brother to the Emperor Ferdinand, their mother being the Empress Maria Theresa, a daughter of King Ferdinand of the two Sicilies. He had married, in 1824, Princess Sophia, a daughter of King Maximilian I. of Bavaria, and had several children. The eldest of these, Francis Joseph, born in August, 1830, is the present Emperor of Austria, his father having renounced the right to succeed Ferdinand I. The Archduke Francis Charles's second son, Ferdinand Maximilian, born in 1832, was, unhappily, persuaded to let himself be made Emperor of Mexico, in 1864, under the patronage of the late Emperor Napoleon III. He was betrayed, abandoned, and put to death in that country, three years afterwards. The Imperial and Royal Family descended originally from Count Rudolf of Hapsburg, who was elected Emperor by the Diet of German Princes in the thirteenth century. But the male lineage of the Hapsburgs died out, in 1740, with the Emperor Charles VI. His daughter, Maria Theresa, was then allowed to become Empress, as well as Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. She was the wife of Francis of Lorraine, Grand Duke of Tuscany, who is the proximate ancestor of the now reigning Imperial House of Hapsburg-Lorraine; his son being the celebrated Emperor Joseph II.

The Archduke Francis Charles led a quiet and retired life. A correspondent at Vienna writes of him :-"His death is universally regretted throughout the country. He never took any share in politics, and never so much as advised the Emperor in State matters. His praises are on everybody's lips; his liberality to the poor, and his kind, simple manner, won the hearts of all. The Emperor was profoundly attached

to his father, and the blow is a severe one for him. The Austrians quarrel enough among themselves, but they and the Hungarians are devoted to the dynasty, and the Archduke's death is, if not a national calamity, at all events a public misfortune. The town is hung with black flags, and all private and public festivities have been suspended. It may be said of Archduke Francis Charles, as it was of the Prince Consort, that a nation mourns the loss."

The funeral took place in the Capuchin Friars' Church at Vienna, which contains the Imperial family crypt. Among the foreign mourners who attended on the occasion were Prince Amadeo of Italy; Prince George of Saxony; Prince Leopold of Hohen. zollern (representing the German Emperor William, King of Prussia); and Prince Leopold of Bavaria; while the Nuncio was specially appointed by Leo XIII. as his deputy. The other Courts were represented by their Ambassadors and Ministers. The Legislatures of Austria and Hungary were represented by their Presidents. Vienna, as well as several of the provincial capitals, sent deputations, who were likewise commissioned to express the sorrow and homage of their fellow-citizens.

MR. BONOMI.

Mr. Joseph Bonomi, the Egyptologist, died on March 3, in his 82nd year. His father, before coming to this country, was architect in Rome to St. Peter's, and on the birth of his son Joseph, Angelica Kauffman and Maria Cosway were sponsors at the baptism. Joseph Bonomi became at an early age a student of the Royal Academy, and gained the silver medal for the best drawing from the antique, and also for the best model in sculpture. In 1823 he went to Rome and made the acquaintance of Gibson, and the year following he went to Egypt with Mr. Robert Hay, a naval officer, and remained there for eight years, studying and drawing the hieroglyphics. In 1833 he went with Arundale and Catherwood to the Holy Land, and at Jerusalem they were the first to visit the so-called Mosque of Omar and make detailed sketches of it. Some years after his return to England, in 1842, the King of Prussia sent out Dr. Lepsius at the head of an expedition whose object was to study Egyptian antiquities. Dr. Lepsius secured the services of Mr. Bonomi to act as one of the artists, and he spent another two

years in Egypt. On his return to England he produced the drawings from which a panorama of Egypt was painted by Messrs. Warren and Fahey, and which was exhibited with considerable success. In 1853 he assisted Mr. Owen Jones in the works at the Egyptian court of the Crystal Palace, and in 1861 he was appointed curator of Sir John Soane's Museum in Lincoln's Inn Fields. In addition to assisting others in their labours, Mr. Bonomi has produced many original works of his own, such as "Nineveh and its Palaces," besides contributing numerous papers to learned societies and to scientific and other journals.

CAPTAIN ELTON.

The death of Captain Frederic Elton, British Consul at the Portuguese colony of Mozambique, on the East Coast of Africa, has lately been announced. This gentleman, who was about forty years of age, had served in the Queen's Army with some distinction, both in India and China. He was present at the outbreak of the Sepoy mutiny at Benares, and was afterwards at the siege of Lucknow and in other actions, holding the post of an aide-de-camp at the Limpopo river, and making valuable discoveries in the valley of the Rufizi. He was appointed Government agent on the Zulu frontier of Natal, and Acting Protector of Immigrants in that colony, with a seat in the Executive and Legislative Councils, his position being, we believe, nearly the same that was held more recently by Sir Theophilus Shepstone. At the end of 1874 Captain Elton was appointed first Vice-Consul at Zanzibar, with a view to assist Dr. Kirk in the suppression of the East African slave trade. In this work he has been zealously and most usefully employed. He was promoted, in March, 1875, to the office of British Consul for the Portuguese territories along that coast. His journeys of inland exploration were continued from Mozambique. In the early part of last year he started on an expedition to the west and north-west, into the heart of the Makua country, re-. turning to the coast at Mwendazi or Memba Bay; thence he went northward, a journey of 450 miles on foot, through the curious craggy peaks of Sorisa and up the Lurio, to the Sugarloaf Hills and cataracts of Pomba, descending again to Ibo. He also visited all the Kerimba islands, and

explored the coast up to the limit of the Zanzibar mainland territory, beyond the Bay of Tongue, which occupied him three months. In a later expedition, after having visited the English Missions on Lake Nyassa, he undertook to explore the rivers supposed to flow out at the north end of that lake, intending to reach the coast somewhere near Quiloa. But while travelling on this route he was unhappily killed by sunstroke. Captain Elton was a man of remarkable personal energy, fortitude, and perseverance, and was much endeared to all those who knew him by the frankness, kindness, and modesty of his behaviour. We are informed that a book in which he relates his experiences of the efforts to put down the slave trade is now in the press.

SIR W. O'GRADY HALY.

A Reuter's telegram from Halifax reports that General Sir William O'Grady Haly, K.C.B., commander-inchief of the British forces in North America, died on March 19 from an attack of gout in the stomach. The deceased general was a son of the late Mr. Aylmer Haly, of Wadhurst Castle, Sussex. He entered the army in June 1823; became captain April 1834; major-general January 1865; lieut.general, May 1873; and brevet-general, October 1877. He was appointed to the command of the 106th Regiment in 1874, and transferred to the 47th Foot in November 1875. He served with distinction in the Crimean war, and received a medal with four clasps. In 1855 he was made a C.B., and he received the Third Order of the Medjidie and the Turkish medal. In 1873 he obtained the command of the forces in Canada, and administered the government there during the absence of the Governor-General in 1875.

LORD RAVENSWORTH.

Lord Ravensworth died at Ravensworth Castle, near Newcastle, on March 19. His lordship had been ailing for some time, but on the morning of his death he was apparently in his usual health. He was engaged in arranging some paintings, when he was suddenly seized with illness, and was found dead by his butler. He was born in 1797, and completed his eighty-first birthday

last week. His political career_com. menced in 1826 as the Hon. Henry Thomas Liddell. In that year, and within four months, he twice contested, in the face of a powerful opposition, the representation of Northumberland, first without success, but on the second occasion achieving what was regarded as a great triumph. These contests have a conspicuous place in the electioneering history of the North of England. They gave rise, especially the second one, to the wildest excitement. The contest which ended in Mr. Liddell's return was on the occa. sion of the general election of 1826. Mr. Liddell retained his seat for four years, but resigned on the dissolution which followed the death of George IV. For seven years he enjoyed immunity from the cares of public life, and his leisure was employed in literary and artistic pursuits. In 1837 his services were sought by the Conservatives of North Durham, and he was returned, after a contest, along with Mr. H. Lambton. He was again returned for that constituency in 1841, and retired in 1847, his withdrawal being due in a great measure to a schism which had some years previously occurred in the Conservative part of his constituency. In March 1852, a week or two after the formation of the first Derby administration, he consented to contest South Shields, against the late Mr. Ingham, but was unsuccessful. Some months afterwards he came forward by invitation, along with Mr. Horsfall, to contest the two Liverpool seats rendered vacant by the removal of Mr. Forbes M'Kenzie and Mr. Turner on an election petition. Both Mr. Liddell and Mr. Horsfall were returned, Sir Erskine Perry being the defeated candidate. Two years after Mr. Liddell's return for Liverpool his career in the House of Commons was brought to a close by his succession, on the death of his father, to his title and seat in the Upper House. In 1874 he was made an Earl. He was a Conservative in politics, but as a member of the House of Commons he advocated not a few liberal measures. He translated the "Odes of Horace" into English lyric verse, and also translated and published the last six books of the "Eneid." Some months since he published a collection of poems which he had written at a very early period of his life. He is succeeded by his eldest son, Lord Eslington, who has represented South Northumberland since 1852.