Philip the 2nd, James the 2nd, Catherine de Medicis, who, with a superstitious devotion, were the scourges of their people. It is those who experience most sensibly the struggle of two opposing natures in them, such as Socrates, St. Paul, St. Augustin: it is those who, having the most to fight against, may expect to obtain the most glorious of victories, the victory over self.

When one, or some of the qualities or faculties, whether of animals or human beings, possess an extraordinary energy, while the others are but very mediocre, the result is, either great geniuses, great talents in a certain career, or certain propensities, good or bad, predominant over all the others. These talents, and these propensities, constitute the character of the individual; and he will have so much the more difficulty in guarding himself from their impulses, because the other moral and intellectual powers are less active. There is the musician, the mechanician, the poet-exclusively and passionately such; but there is also the voluptuary and brawler, the thief, who, in some cases, are even so far impassioned, that the excessive activity of certain propensities degenerates into absolute folly, and takes away from the individual all power of controlling them.

On the other hand are seen cases of apathy, of partial imbecility of one organ or of certain organs, compared with others which are rather strongly developed. With such an organization, Lessing and Tischbein detest music; Newton and Kant have a horror of women.

Finally, in the sixth class, may be found the great mass of ordinary men. But as the organs common to the animal occupy the greatest part of the brain, these men remain limited to the sphere of the animal qualities; their enjoyments are those of the senses, and they do not in any of their relationships present any thing remarkable.

These six principal divisions blend together by a thousand modifications, as must occur with respect to all the great divisions in nature. It is evident that the organization is very seldom happy enough to produce in the higher faculties, that power which is necessary to the giving a favourable direction

to the lower faculties. It may, then, be admitted as a truth established by the laws of organization, that a very small number of men would find in themselves alone the power, or sufficient motives, to make a law unto themselves to determine them always to acts conformable to the dignity of the most noble propensities, sentiments, and faculties of man.

Here the question would arise for discussion, which of the two men is the more virtuous, the one who from his natural disposition performs only good actions, or the one who has temptations to fight against?

I have already answered this question in treating of moral liberty. In fact "there is no real virtue," as Cardinal Polignac states," but where the will, subject to the empire of reason, arrests the disordered movements of the heart, calms the tumult of the passions, suppresses their revolt, and subjugates them: a laborious victory, and often the reward of the grandest efforts. But the more it costs man, the greater and the more sublime is the virtue."

Such is the judgement of justice and reflection. But here, as every where, it is not reason which determines our conduct, but vague notions influence us, and render us all, without our being aware of it, guilty of habitual injustice. Beauty, youth, power, riches, are every where fěted and sought after, while ugliness, age, weakness, poverty, are condemned to the most afflicting privations. So we lavish on the man, virtuous by instinct, all our esteem, all our admiration, while the most tried and the very strictest virtue of the man, in whom we are aware of a natural bias towards vice, appears to us always suspicious.

[The truth, embodied in the concluding remarks of Dr. Gall, deserve the attention of all moralists. The higher virtue of conquering dispositions to evil is not estimated properly: people prefer what Milton describes the white virtue, i. e. virtue, clean because it never comes in contact with the dirt of evil, to the pure virtue, i. e. the virtue, which comes in contact, in the path of duty, with evil and remains unstained.-EDS.]

Cases out of Public Patients Case Book, communicated by JOHN EPPS, M. D.

The following cases present some features of interest. The first deserves attention, as presenting a complication of diseased states, which certainly may be regarded as most difficult of cure, which would, no doubt be regarded as one, in which homœopathic treatment would be deemed perfectly impotent; in which to trust to and to use homœopathic treatment would be declared by the opponents of homœopathy as wicked and yet such treatment was effectually used.

A CASE OF CEREBRAL INFLAMMATION WITH TYPHOID FEVER COMPLICATED WITH PNEUMONIA, CURED.

Sarah Taylor, (p. 1582, case book, 1847,) single, aged 17, consulted me September 1, 1847.

Her state was one decidedly cachectic: she having had swelled legs for a long period.

She complains of

Symptom 1. Pain in the head across the brow when stooping forward, attended with a feeling as if she should fall forward.

Symptom 2. Her feet and legs swell.

Symptom 3. Her tongue is furred and yellow.

Symptom 4. Bowels are confined: her water is free her m. p. is regular, and of a proper colour.

Symptom 5. Has leucorrhoea; attended with excessive irritation, necessitating friction which causes faintness. This has continued for about three months.

Ordered lycopodium, four globules.

Sept. 6, 1847.-No. 1. Her head is better. No. 2. Her

feet and legs are less swollen. No. 3.

No. 4. Bowels still confined. No. 5.

but less irritating.

Tongue is less furred.

Still much in quantity

Symptom 6. She has faint perspirations.

Symptom 7. Comes over sleepy about seven in the evening.

Ordered lycopodium, four globules.

She became very much better, indeed " better," her mother

said, "than she had been for two years," and so remained till November 13, when her monthly period, having recurred, stopped suddenly, and she became

Symptom 8. Delirious and insensible, talking of people sitting at her feet.

Symptom 9. She is very thirsty. Breath offensive and has intense fever. She cannot hold her head up at all: her head falls back if lifted up. She Sweats much.

Ordered belladonna and aconite in alternation. Nov. 17, 1847.-No. 1. Her head, when she is sensible, she says, pains her less. No. 3. Her tongue is brown and breath very offensive. No. 8. Still delirious and wild, talking incessantly she rises up and would tear down the bed curtains: at intervals lies and prays a great deal. No. 9. Fever lessened, not so burning hot: craves for cold water, a little at a time keeps the cocoa on her stomach: bowels remain free. The period not restored.

Symptom 10. When sensible, she complains of a pain in her back.

Symptom 11. Her face and head swell and her hands.

Ordered arsenicum and stramonium in alternation.

Nov. 19.-No. 3. Tongue black and swollen: breath less offensive. No. 8. She is not still two minutes together. No. 9. Still thirsty. No. 11. Her face is still swelled. No. 12. Her teeth are blackened No. 13. She has a cough attended with pricking pains in her breast.

Ordered rhus and arsenicum in alternation.

Nov. 22.-No. 3. Her tongue is brown but less swollen : her breath is sweeter. No. 8. She is now sensible and better in her cerebral symptoms. No. 9. Constant thirst and dryness in mouth and throat, which is sore: she drinks and wants immediately to drink again. No. 11. Face still swelled but her hands less so. No. 12. Teeth still black. No. 13. Cough very troublesome, hurting her all over, particularly her chest, and exhausts her very much,

Symptom 14. Has such a forcing at her bowels.

Symptom 15. Water is thick and yellow.
Symptom 16. Has become deaf.

Ordered sepia and arsenicum in alternation.

Nov. 25.-No. 1. Her head aches. No. 8. She is not so light headed. No. 9. Her thirst is lessened: and the dryness in throat and the soreness of throat are better. No. 10. The back pain is better. No. 11. Face is swollen. No. 12. Her teeth ache. No. 14. Her bowels are regular.

Symptom 17. She is so weak and low, that she cannot sit up a minute in bed.

Ordered baryta carbonica for the weakness and back pain, in alternation with arsenicum.

Nov. 29. Her symptoms improved excepting the cough, which remained very severe, producing pain at chest.

Symptom 18. The cough is husky, dry, no expectoration.

In fact now the danger was again imminent from the pulmonary and laryngeal affection complicated with the excessive debility.

Ordered baryta carbonica and spongia in alternation.

Dec. 1, 1847.-No. 1. Headache again is severe. Her other symptoms are better, except that she experiences pain in back when she coughs: she expectorated a little last night. Ordered bryonia and aconite in alternation.

Dec. 6. The patient improved much for a few days, when from some cause she went back, and, on December 6, I was again consulted. She had the last night

Symptom 19. Sweats, and she had felt so ill that she bade them all farewell.

Symptom 20. Her breathing was so difficult that it was impossible she could lie down, she felt she must die.

It may be here remarked that I had not seen this patient: for such is the confidence in homœopathy, that the patient and her parents preferred that she should be treated thus without visitation, than to have the old-system treatment with visitation. However as she expected to die they wished me to see her. Till I could see her, I ordered to be taken, first a glo