Gift W.5. Penfield 1-16-30 PREFACE TO THE FIFTH EDITION THE authors have in this new edition introduced changes made necessary by the development of international relations. The wars of recent years and the results of the Conferences at The Hague and of other international conferences have greatly modified international law as understood toward the end of the nineteenth century. Principles then commonly recognized are now formulated in international agreements, and new principles have been brought forward and have received general assent. It may not be too much to say that the development of international law within the period since the call for the First Peace Conference at The Hague in 1898 has been greater than that during the two hundred and fifty years preceding, from the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 to the call for the Hague Conference in 1898. These significant changes have been regarded in this edition and have made necessary an entire rewriting of many sections of the book. Certain rules, codes, and conventions printed in the appendices of earlier editions have become in large measure obsolete and have been omitted. Many of the recent international agreements appear in the appendices. In certain cases where such agreements relate to a single subject the essential articles appear in the appropriate section of the text, and may be found by reference to the index. The authors would again express their appreciation of the reception which the earlier editions have received. DECEMBER, 1909. G. G. W. G. F. T. PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION THE authors have freely used the substantive material as found in cases, codes, etc., which involve the principles of international law. Owing to the increasing importance of international negotiation, relatively more attention than usual has been given to matters connected with diplomacy. The appendices contain material which the authors have found advantageous to have easily accessible to each student. The study of this book should in all cases be supplemented by reference to a considerable number of the books mentioned in the bibliography. SEPTEMBER, 1901. G. G. W. |