schools were doing high-school work; and in Kent County, which reported no high school, a course of study equal to that recommended for such schools by the State board was pursued in several of the graded schools. Throughout the State, exclusive of Baltimore City, there were 1,266 pupils studying bookkeeping; 2,565, algebra; 2,148, philosophy; 1,247, geometry; 5,550, drawing; 2,355, physiology; 492, Latin; 17, Greek; 80, French; and 67, German. In Somerset County, reporting 5 high schools with an aggregate attendance of 895 pupils, classical training was "on the wane," as a result of the tendency toward that which is "practical," and the superintendent suggests the advisability of insisting upon a regular classical course. The 2 high schools for girls in Baltimore enrolled 1,127 pupils. Baltimore City College, having a course of 5 years and a faculty of 15, stands as the city high school for boys, although including much collegiate work, and reports 630 pupils, making a total of 1,757 under instruction.

OTHER SECONDARY SCHOOLS.

State aid was given during the year to 16 academies and other institutions for secondary instruction, ranging in amount from $100 to $2,600, and amounting in all to $11,800. Five of these schools taught Greek, 14 Latin, 9 French, and 6 German; 1,167 students were enrolled and 45 teachers employed.

For full statistics of these and other academic schools reporting, see Table VI of the Appendix; for business colleges see Table IV; and for summaries see corresponding tables in the report of the Commissioner preceding.

SUPERIOR INSTRUCTION.

COLLEGES FOR YOUNG MEN OR FOR BOTH SEXES.

Johns Hopkins University, with collegiate, university, and graduate departments, reports a year of quiet and satisfactory work, without any fundamental changes in methods or buildings.

For the degree of bachelor of arts seven parallel courses of study are arranged, all of which include, though in varying proportions, the study of language and literature, mathematics and other exact sciences, and historical and moral science. These are (1) the ordinary classical collegiate course; (2) the mathematical-physical; (3) chemical-biological, adapted to those, among others, who are looking towards the medical profession; (4) physical-chemical; (5) Latin-mathematical, which dispenses with prolonged attention to Greek; (6) historical-political, furnishing a basis for the subsequent study of law; and (7) modern language, in which English, French, German, and sometimes other moderu languages take the place of Latin and Greek. Advanced and graduate students are received, with or without reference to their being candidates for a degree, and attend such lectures and exercises as they may select. Such instruction is given in the different departments by methods which vary with the nature of the subject and the character and proficiency of the scholars, but in all alike the aim is to encourage the student to become an independent and original investigator, as well as to make him familiar with results attained elsewhere, and to add to his intellectual culture. The system of fellowships secures the presence of 20 special students imbued with the university spirit. Seminaries limited to a few advanced students have been organized in various subjects; societies devoted to philology, to mathematical, physical, and natural science, metaphysics, history and political science, and to archæology, afford opportunities for the presentation of memoirs and original communications. There are also clubs for the reading and discussion of papers on special topics, courses of lectures by professors on topics to which they have given special attention, while easily accessible libraries and a well-supplied reading room are among other facilities afforded.

Of 290 students enrolled during 1884-'85, 174 were graduates from 95 different colleges and universities; 69 were collegiate students, candidates for the degree of bachelor of arts; and 47 were special students not candidates for a degree. Of the whole attendance, 130 were residents of Maryland, 145 were from 32 other States of the Union, and 15 from foreign countries. Nine were admitted to the degree of A. B., 13 to that of Ph. D.

Nine other colleges report from this State, viz: St. John's College, Annapolis; Frederick College, Frederick; Western Maryland College, Westminster; Washington College, Chestertown; Loyola College, Baltimore; Rock Hill and St. Charles Colleges, both at Ellicott City; Mount St. Mary's College, Emmitsburg; and New Windsor College, New Windsor. Four of these receive aid annually from the State, through which they are enabled to offer a limited number of free scholarships. Only two are open to both sexes. No changes are reported as having been made during the year in the courses of study of any of the above. All have preparatory and classical courses, while 3 add scientific and 4 commercial; Mount St. Mary's adds an ecclesiastical, and St. John's a graduate course. French is included in the curric ula of all except Frederick, while all but two offer instruction in German.

Superintendent Newell says the impulse which has sustained and carried forward the public schools during the last ten years has not extended to the colleges. The four receiving the State aid (including the Agricultural College) enrolled 363 students in 1875, and in 1885 only 255. This decline is ascribed to the fact that the amount of aid received by them from the State is only about half what it was ten years ago.

St. John's College, Annapolis, with 6 professors, reporting 85 students during the year-of whom 26 were given free tuition and board, and 16 others free tuition-received $8,200 from the State. A few years ago the amount allowed the college was $25,000 a year. State Superintendent Newell holds that no institution can flourish under such vicissitudes; while without any State aid, it might adapt itself to adverse circumstances, or with moderate assistance, given regularly and uniformly, might prosper. He therefore urges that the oldest of the educational institutions of the State may receive such an appropriation for its support as will bring it into line as one of the factors of the public school system and make it a connecting link between the high schools and the university.

Washington College, Chestertown, with 3 professors, gave tuition, board, books, etc., free, to 15 out of her 29 students, as well as free tuition to 5; there were 4 gradnates. The character and tone of the students are improving, and the management of the institution is in all respects satisfactory to the Visitors.

Western Maryland College, the only one of the incorporated colleges receiving State aid which admits persons of either sex, gave instruction during the year to 74 men and 52 women; gave free tuition to 12 students, and to 26 others free tuition, board, and books, receiving for this purpose $5,200 annually. The college also receives $1,090 a year as part of the academic donation of the county.

For other statistics of colleges reporting, see Table IX of the Appendix, and for a summary see a corresponding table in the report of the Commissioner preceding. For Baltimore City College, see the heading "City school systein of Baltimore."

COLLEGES FOR WOMEN.

The institutions for the superior instruction of young women reporting for 1834-85 are: Baltimore Academy of the Visitation; Baltimore Female College; Cambridge Female Seminary, Cambridge; and Lutherville Female Seminary, Lutherville. All except one are authorized by law to confer collegiate degrees. Two of the above are non-sectarian in their control, while the first named is Roman Catholic and the last Lutheran. All include in their curricula, besides other collegiate studies, music, drawing, painting, French, and German, the last adding to this Italian and Spanish. Burkittsville Female Seminary and the Misses Norris' School, formerly reporting, have been closed.

For full statistics see Table VIII of the Appendix, and for a summary see a corresponding table in the report of the Commissioner preceding.

SCIENTIFIC AND PROFESSIONAL INSTRUCTION.

SCIENTIFIC.

The chief institutions for scientific training in this State are the Maryland Agricultural and Mechanical College, the United States Naval Academy, and Johns Hopkins University. General scientific courses of study are, as formerly, given in St. John's, Rock Hill, and Frederick Colleges. The Maryland Military Academy, Oxford, combines a system of military and naval instruction with studies ordinarily pursued in academies and colleges, including the natural sciences.

The Maryland Agricultural College, near College Station, Prince George's County, offers a course of study embracing agriculture (scientific and practical), civil engineering and physics, English literature, mental and moral science and history, mathematics, chemistry, ancient and modern languages, with military science and tactics. The college farm contains 26 acres of land, varying in quality and condition, and thus affording good opportunity for experiments. Students who do not wish to become farmers may omit practical agriculture, and take the ordinary classical and scientific course. By the charter of the college, instruction must be given also in the mechanic arts, and it is the intention to develop technical education as far as possible. The institution receives $7,000 annually from the United States land scrip fund, but no other appropriation. The State, although owner of one-half interest in the valuable property of the college, has contributed nothing to its support for several years. The number of students in 1884-'85 was 45.

The United States Naval Academy, besides affording careful training in the higher English studies usually found in a collegiate course, in modern languages, seamanship, shipbuilding, aud branches peculiar to the profession of paval warfare, includes such scientific studies as chemistry, electricity, surveying, applied mechanics, and steam-engineering, special attention being given throughout the course to free-hand and mechanical drawing. The number of cadets admitted is one for every member and delegate of the House of Representatives, one for the District of Columbia, and

10 at large, the latter being nominated by the President of the United States. The course of instruction comprises 4 years at the Academy and 2 at sea.

Johns Hopkins University affords the highest facilities for scientific study, both elementary and advanced. The 3 undergraduate courses previously noted, viz, the mathematical-physical, which meets the wants of those whose purposed vocation requires mathematical discipline, the physical-chemical, and the chemical-biological. Advanced work in physics, chemistry, and biology, given chiefly by means of lectures and laboratory practice, includes thermodynamics, heat-conduction, physical optics, electricity, magnetism, animal physiology, animal histology, animal morphology, and physiological psychology. The student in any of these fields is aided by completely equipped laboratories and well selected libraries. Those in biology have a journal club, in which all the articles of importance published on their topic are digested; also a naturalists' field club, the latter admitting to membership others besides mem bers of the university. A building for a new physical laboratory, to be completed September 1, 1886, is expected to furnish much needed relief in this department, a relief that other departments also stand much in need of by the rapid increase of students in them. For statistics see Table X of the Appendix, and for a summary a corresponding table in the report of the Commissioner preceding.

PROFESSIONAL.

THEOLOGICAL training is given in the Theological Seminary of St. Sulpice and St. Mary's University, Baltimore; Mount St. Mary's Ecclesiastical Seminary, Emmitsburg; the Scholasticate of the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, Ilchester; Westminster Theological Seminary, Westminster; and Centenary Biblical Institute, Baltimore. The three first named are Roman Catholic institutions, having courses of study extending over 4, 5, and 6 years, that at Ilchester bearing the nature of a private school rather than a seminary. The seminary at Westminster (Methodist Protestant) has a theological course of three years; that at Baltimore, a Methodist Episcopal institution with a 3-years course of study, is for colored students. For statistics see Table XI of the Appendix, and for a summary see the report of the Commissioner preceding.

LAW.-The only institution in this State reporting instruction in law is the Law School of the University of Maryland, Baltimore. This provides a 3-years graded course of study, which students are advised to follow, but those who cannot do this are allowed to go through the prescribed work in less time, provided they are able to pass the required examinations at the close and comply with the other require ments for graduation. A new building was completed for this school in 1884, and on February 29th was formally opened with interesting ceremonies. For statistics see Table XII of the Appendix.

MEDICINE.-Five medical institutions, all at Baltimore, and belonging to the "regular" school of practice, report for 1884-85 as follows: School of Medicine of the University of Maryland, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Woman's Medical College of Baltimore, Baltimore Medical College, and Baltimore University School of Medicine. The last two were both reported in 1883-84 as Baltimore Medical College, but in 1885 one procured a charter under the name of Baltimore University School of Medicine. All but the last two named schools provide a 3-years graded course of study, but only require for graduat on the common medical course of 3 years of study, including attendance on two lecture terms, except that in the Woman's Medical College, whose lecture course is graded. Besides the above a preliminary course of training for young men who propose to pursue the study of inedicine is given at Johns Hopkins University, the principal elements of the course being physics, chemistry, and biology, with Latin, German, French, and English.

The whole number of matriculates in the 5 medical schools was 675 during 1834-'85, of whom 248, or nearly 37 per cent., were graduated. For further statistics see Table XIII of the Appendix, and for a summary see a corresponding table in the report of the Commissioner preceding.

SPECIAL INSTRUCTION.

EDUCATION OF THE DEAF AND DUMB AND THE BLIND.

The Maryland School for the Deaf and Dumb, Frederick City, maintains and instructs, without charge, all pupils of this class of 9 to 21 years, whose parents are residents of the State, and who are not disqualified by infirmities. Instruction is given by the combined method, which the management considers, from experience in this school, to be decidedly better than either of the others alone. From the last biennial report, October 1, 1883, it appears that an additional teacher in articulation had been employed, and increased success was expected in this department, where “some very successful talkers and lip-readers" had already been trained. Besides the English branches, pupils are instructed in cabinet-making, shoemaking, printing, sewing, and general housework.

"

2

at date of the last report received by Secretary vestigation showed that there were 25 other deaf there. The institution can accommodate 200.

28 126.

tion of the Blind, Baltimore, opened in 1862, are, if of good character and free from disease. that generally pursued in schools for the dustrial training. The system of reading been found very valuable both in literature and chair caning are taught in the shops, and machine, to mend, knit, and do various in piano tuning, the progress of which er instruction in 1884-'85, 70, of whom 7 ze or withdrew, leaving 63 present July 1,

and Deaf Mutes, Baltimore, was organized s for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, opriations for its support. Instruction employments as broom making, chair nuce than half of those entitled to its advanavailed themselves of its benefits," and zers throughout the State to direct the provision made by the State for the educa

NYSTAL TRAINING.

Chawi, opened in March, 1884, by the city as a - uve instruction in the use of tools, and, as tans drawing, and the English branches of a tons to include c rpentry, wood turning, patgorge work, brazing a d soldering, the use of insetion of a similar character as may be

quires 3 years, and a diploma is given on st be at least 14 years of age, of good charin reading, spelling, writing, geography, mal operations of arithmetic, as applied to inusecominate numbers, and the extraction of the the English language correctly is especially youneed success. Opening with 62 pupils, it had larger number than could be properly accom

e year in the course of study and in the plan of rmined, since manual training was its chief obrominent. Certain changes were made, too, in principal, one teacher in the mental department,

for Indigent Boys, first opened in 1841, is a bona hool for boys o good character whose relations are are they receive the first rudiments of educat on and enced to a mechanic or a farmer, who agrees to supars of age. The aim of the school is to rescue homeless as associations and train them in habits of industry. ere eived from the State, and $1,500 from the city, to 10 to 14 years of age, were under instruction during

ata being $125.

a 1973, in accordance with the will of John McDonogh, Baltimore, was intended by its founder to give instruca. a plain English education, music, and the art of husgood character and of respectable associations, living in owns in productive investments $705,000, and in real estate, which makes the whole over $973,000. Improvements are erest on the funds invested, consequently progress is sure were 60 boys in the school during the year, the whole cost was defrayed by the institute, and it is proposed to admit 10 aumber reaches 100. The pressure for admission is great, secured only by competitive examination. The trustees interpretation to John McDonogh's "plain English educathe course of study algebra, geometry, trigonometry, suretry, zoology, physiology, botany, drawing, music, and by Dr. Zenus Barnum, amounting to $80,000, will be used luing school in connection with the ordinary work of the

TRAINING SCHOOL FOR NURSES.

The Training School for Nurses, under the auspices of the Woman's Medical College of Baltimore, which held its first session in the spring of 1884, was not continued in 1885 and is not likely to be resumed.

REFORMATORY AND INDUSTRIAL TRAINING.

The House of Refuge, Baltimore, an institution for boys, under State, municipal, and private control, reports 240 boys under training during 1884-'85, all but 6 being native born. They are taught the common English branches and various trades, although during the year their labor was confined mostly to farming and the necessary work of the institution. Five hours of the day are devoted to labor and the same length of time to school work.

The Female House of Refuge, Baltimore, had 65 girls under training during the year, the majority being orphans or half orphans. More attention than ever before has been devoted to systematic labor; a number of sewing machines have been purchased, and work has been done for a business house of the city.

The House of the Good Shepherd, an institution for girls, under State control, receives vagrants and others needing reformation, gives them instruction in the common branches, sewing, and housework, and finds homes for them. There were 197 under training during the year, all but 12 being native born.

The House of Reformation for Colored Boys, Cheltenham P. O., receives children 7 to 16 years of age and teaches them tailoring, shoemaking, chair caning, and farming.

ART AND MUSIC.

The Peabody Institute, of the city of Baltimore, reports that during 1884-85 its library, art gallery, and lectures were of the same high character as formerly and continued well patronized. The only falling off was in the attendance at the conservatory of music-210 during the first term and 198 during the second.

ART AND INDUSTRY.

The Maryland Institute schools of design were largely attended during the year, the day school by 267 students, mostly ladies, and the night school by 389 young men. The work of the day school, extending over 3 years, comprises drawing, water color and oil painting, modeling in clay, elementary designing, geometry, etc. The night classes are known as the free hand, the mechanical, and the architectural. At the last commencement 22 students were graduated from the school,-6 of them from the artistic division, 9 from the architectural, and 7 from the mechanical. Superintendent Newell says it is not easy to overestimate the importance of these schools to the prosperity of the State.

EDUCATIONAL CONVENTIONS.

No information is at hand relative to any State educational associations or conventions.

CHIEF STATE SCHOOL OFFICER.

Hon. M. A. NEWELL, State superintendent of public instruction, Baltimore.

[Seventh term, January, 1884, to January, 1886.]