SHORTHAND MANUAL COMPLETE and Compre- A hensive Exposition of PITMAN SHORTHAND REVISED EDITION Copyright, 1892 Albany, N. Y, With every great revolution comes the necessity for a change of means and methods adapted to the new condition of affairs. The great revolution in business which has been wrought by the general introduction of shorthand and typewriting in office work, found the mechanism of schools entirely inadequate for the suitable preparation of stenographers. Improvement has been made, but still every good book for instruction in shorthand is a boon both to teachers and to those who propose to make stenography their means of earning a living or winning an honorable record in the great army of high-class workers. If excuse were needed, this is our only excuse for presenting the New Practical Manual of Shorthand. It gives the general principles of the Pitman system, with such changes as time and use have proved most necessary, and outlines a method of teaching shorthand which is the outgrowth of long experience. It is confidently believed that the diligent student will find in the following pages a smooth road to the acquisition of a successful and fascinating study. NOTE TO REVISED EDITION. -The cordial endorsement which has been given to this book by Shorthand teachers, together with the results of its work in our own school, as shown in the successful careers of our Shorthand students, have led us to undertake a revision of its contents, by which we have improved some important features of the original and added about twenty-five pages of new material. We now present this revised edition with the hope that it may continue the good work already accomplished by the earlier editions. INTRODUCTION. The system presented on the following pages is that of Pitman, with the addition of the Munson hook for thr and a few other modifications which have been found of special value. It is not, however, to add to the already large number of systems that this work has been prepared, but to present principles already well established, in such a manner that they may be the most easily learned, and used with the best possible results. To this end, the principles have been arranged in the most natural order, and are illustrated by outlines for words as they are actually used in reporting, so that the student does not learn one form, and then find, in some subsequent lesson, that it is necessary to change for some other form. As phonography is a representation of the sounds of the language, it is necessary that the student learn to recognize sounds quickly and correctly. The exercises on analysis of words have proved of great value in this respect. The vowels are classified as finally to be used, in this way avoiding a large amount of unnecessary work, and the confusion, in the mind of the student, that has heretofore resulted from the fact, that he learned the vowels as long, short, and diphthongs, and when they were well in mind, |