ment, agency, bureau, administration, project, or department, bureau, administration, project, or department, temporary or permanent. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 13, 58 Stat. 398.)

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title. § 863. Discharge, suspension, etc., only for cause; reason in writing; advance notice; personal appearance; findings and recommendations. No permanent or indefinite preference eligible, who has completed a probationary or trial period employed in civil service, or in any establishment, agency, bureau, administration, project, or department, hereinbefore referred to shall be discharged, suspended for more than thirty days, furloughed without pay, reduced in rank or compensation, or debarred for future appointment except for such cause as will promote the efficiency of the service and for reasons given in writing, and the person whose discharge, suspension for more than thirty days, furlough without pay, or reduction in rank or compensation is sought shall have at least thirty days' advance written notice (except where there is reasonable cause to believe the employee to be guilty of a crime for which a sentence of imprisonment can be imposed), stating any and all reasons, specifically and in detail, for any such proposed action; such preference eligible shall be allowed a reasonable time for answering the same personally and in writing, and for furnishing affidavits in support of such answer, and shall have the right to appeal to the Civil Service Commission from an adverse decision of the administrative officer so acting, such appeal to be made in writing within a reasonable length of time after the date of receipt of notice of such adverse decision: Provided, That such preference eligible shall have the right to make a personal appearance, or an appearance through a designated representative, in accordance with such reasonable rules and regulations as may be issued by the Civil Service Commission; after investigation and consideration of the evidence submitted, the Civil Service Commission shall submit its findings and recommendations to the proper administrative officer and shall send copies of same to the appellant or to his designated representative: Provided further, That the Civil Service Commission may declare any such preference eligible who may have been dismissed or furloughed without pay to be eligible for the provisions of section 864 of this title. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 14, 58 Stat. 390.)

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title. § 864. Separated or furloughed eligibles as entitled to reclassification and reappointment.-Any preference eligible, who has been furloughed, or separated without delinquency or misconduct, upon request, shall have his name placed on all appropriate civil-service registers and/or on all employment lists, for every position for which his qualifications have been established, as mantained by the Civil Service Commission, or as shall be maintained by any agency or project of the Federal Government, or

of the District of Columbia, in the order as provided in section 856 of this title, and shall then be eligible for recertification and reapointment in the order and according to the procedure as provided for in sections 856 and 857 of this title. No appointment shall be made from an examination register of eligibles, except of ten-point preference eligibles, when there are three or more names of preference eligibles on any appropriate reemployment list for the position to be filled. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 15, 58 Stat. 391.).

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title. § 865. Resigned eligibles as entitled to reclassification and reappointment.-Any preference eligible who has resigned shall, upon request to the Civil Service Commission, have his name again placed on all proper civil-service registers for which he may have been qualified, in order as provided for in section 856 of this title, and shall then be eligible for recertification and reappointment in the order, and according to the procedure, as provided for in sections 856 and 857 of this title. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 16, 58 Stat. 391.)

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title. § 866. Definition of "Civil Service Commission" or "Commission." The term "Civil Service Commission" or "Commission" as used in this chapter shall mean the present United States Civil Service Commission or any body or person who may by law succeed to its powers and duties, or any of them, or which or who may be designated by law to perform any specific duty and possess any specific power concerning matters covered by this chapter. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 17, 58 Stat. 391.).

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title. § 867. Repeal of inconsistent laws; saving clause.-All Acts and parts of Acts inconsistent with the provisions hereof are hereby modified to conform herewith, and this chapter shall not be construed to take away from any preference eligible any rights heretofore granted to, or possessed by, him under any existing law, Executive order, civil-service rule or regulation, of any department of the Government or officer thereof. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 18, 58 Stat. 391.)

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title. § 868. Enforcement of rules and regulations by Commission. --It shall be the authority and duty of the Civil Service Commission in all cases under the classified civil service to make and enforce appropriate rules and regulations to carry into full effect the provisions, intent, and purpose of this chapter and such Executive orders as may be issued pursuant thereto and in furtherance thereof. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 19, 58 Stat. 391.)

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title. § 869. Positions exempt from chapter.-Nothing contained in this chapter is intended to apply to any position in or under the legislative or judicial branch of the Government or to any position or appointment which by the Congress is required to be confirmed by, or made with, the advice and consent of the United States Senate: Provided, however, That the provisions of this chapter shall apply to appointments under sections 31a, 31b, and 39a of title 39. (June 27, 1944, ch. 287, § 20, 58 Stat. 391.)

SAVING CLAUSE

Separability provisions, see note set out under section 851 of this title.

TITLE 6-OFFICIAL AND PENAL BONDS

2. Examination as to sufficiency of sureties.-Every officer required by law to take and approve official bonds shall cause the same to be examined at least once every two years for the purpose of ascertaining the sufficiency of the sureties thereon; and every officer having power to fix the amount of an official bond shall examine it to ascertain the sufficiency of the amount thereof and approve or fix said amount at least once in two years and as much oftener as he may deem it necessary. (Mar. 2, 1895, ch. 177, § 5, 28 Stat. 807.)

§ 3. Renewal; continuance of liability.-Every officer whose duty it is to take and approve official bonds shall cause all such bonds to be renewed every four years after their dates, but he may require such bonds to be renewed or strengthened oftener if he deem such action necessary. In the discretion of such officer the requirement of a new bond may be waived for the period of service of a bonded officer after the expiration of a four-year term of service pending the appointment and qualification of his successor. The nonperformance of any requirement of the provisions of sections 1-3 of this title, or of that part of section 27 of Title 19 relating to transmitting copies of oaths to the Secretary of the Treasury, on the part of any official of the Government shall not be held to affect in any respect the liability of prinicpal or sureties on any bond made or to be made to the United States. The liability of the principal and sureties on all official bonds shall continue and cover the period of service ensuing until the appointment and qualification of the successor of the principal. Nothing in said sections shall be construed to repeal or modify section 38 of Title 39: Provided, That the payment and acceptance of the annual premium on corporate surety bonds furnished by postal officers and employees, officers and employees of other civilian agencies of the United States and bonded officers and enlisted men of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard shall be a compliance with the requirement for the renewal of such bonds within the meaning of sections 1-3 of this title. (Mar. 2, 1895, ch. 177, § 5, 28 Stat. 807; Mar. 8, 1928, ch. 148, 45 Stat. 247; Mar. 31, 1944, ch. 148, 58 Stat. 135.)

§ 4. Notice of delinquency of principal.-Whenever any deficiency shall be discovered in the accounts of any official of the United States, or of any officer disbursing or chargeable with public money, it shall be the duty of the accounting officers making such discovery to at once notify the head of the department having control over the affairs of said officer of the nature and amount of said deficiency, and it shall be the immediate duty of said head of department to at once notify all obligors upon the bond or bonds of such official of the nature of such deficiency and the amount thereof. Said notification shall be deemed sufficient if mailed at the post office in the city of Washington, District of Columbia, addressed to said sureties respectively and directed to the respective post offices where said obligors may reside, if known; but a failure to give or mail such notice shall not discharge the surety or sureties upon such bond. (Aug. 8, 1888, ch. 787, § 1, 25 Stat. 387.)

§ 5. Limitation of actions against sureties.-If, upon the statement of the account of any official of the United States, or of any officer disbursing or chargeable with public money, by the accounting officers, it shall thereby appear that he is indebted to the United States, and suit therefor shall not be instituted within five years after such statement of said account, the sureties on his bond shall not be liable for such indebtedness. (Aug. 8, 1888, ch. 787, § 2, 25 Stat. 387; June 10, 1921, ch. 18, § 301, 42 Stat. 23.)

§ 6. Surety companies as sureties. Whenever any recognizance, stipulation, bond, or undertaking conditioned for the faithful performance of any duty, or for doing or refraining from doing anything in such recognizance, stipulation, bond, or undertaking specified, is by the laws of the United States required or permitted to be given with one surety or with two or more sureties, the execution of the same or the guaranteeing of the performance of the condition thereof shall be sufficient when executed or guaranteed solely by a corporation incorporated under the laws of the United States or of any State having power to guarantee the fidelity of persons holding positions of public or private trust, and to execute and guarantee bonds and undertakings in judicial proceedings. Such recognizance, stipulation, bond, or undertaking shall be approved by the head of department, court, judge, officer, board, or body executive, legislative, or judicial required to approve or accept the same. No officer or person having the approval of any bond shall exact that it shall be furnished by a guaranty company or any particular guranty company. (Aug. 13, 1894, ch. 282, § 1, 28 Stat. 279.)

§ 14. Rate of premium on bond; premiums not to be paid by United States.-Until otherwise provided by law no bond shall be accepted from any surety or bonding company for any officer or employee of the United States which shall cost more than 35 per centum in excess of the rate of premium charged for a like bond during the rate of premium charged for a like bondduring the calendar year 1908. The United States shall not pay any part of the premium or other cost of furnishing a bond required by

law or otherwise of any officer or employee of the United States. (Aug. 5, 1909, ch. 7, 36 Stat. 125.)`

§ 15. Bonds or notes of United States in lieu of recognizance, stipulation, bond, guaranty, or undertaking; place of deposit; return to depositor; contractors' bonds.-Wherever by the laws of the United States or regulations made pursuant thereto, any person is required to furnish any recognizance, stipulation, bond, guaranty, or undertaking, hereinafter called "penal bond," with surety or sureties, such person may, in lieu of such surety or sureties, deposit as security with the official having authority to approve such penal bond, United States Liberty bonds or other bonds or notes of the United States in a sum equal at their par value to the amount of such penal bond required to be furnished, together with an agreement authorizing such official to collect or sell such bonds or notes so deposited in case of any default in the performance of any of the conditions or stipulations of such penal bond. The acceptance of such United States bonds or notes in lieu of surety or sureties required by law shall have the same force and effect as individual or corporate sureties, or certified checks, bank drafts, post-office money orders, or cash, for the penalty or amount of such penal bond. The bonds or notes deposited hereunder, and such other United States bonds or notes as may be substituted therefor from time to time as such security, may be deposited with the Treasurer of the United States, a Federal Reserve bank, or other depositary duly designated for that purpose by the Secretary, which shall issue receipt therefor, describing such bonds or notes so deposited. As soon as security for the performance of such penal bond is no longer necessary, such bonds or notes so deposited shall be returned to the depositor. In case a person or persons supplying a contractor with labor or material as provided by section 270 of Title 40 shall file with the obligee, at any time after a default in the performance of any contract subject to said section 270, the application and affidavit therein provided, the obligee shall not deliver to the obligor the deposited bonds or notes nor any surplus proceeds therof until the expiration of the time limited by said section 270 for the institution of suit by such person or persons, and, in case suit shall be instituted within such time, shall hold said bonds or notes or proceeds subject to the order of the court having jurisdiction thereof. Nothing herein contained shall affect or impair the priority of the claim of the United States against the bonds or notes deposited or any right or remedy granted by said section 270 or by this section to the United States for default upon any obligation of said penal bond. All laws inconsistent with this section are hereby so modified as to conform to the provisions hereof. Nothing contained herein shall affect the authority of courts over the security, where such bonds are taken as security in judicial obligations of the United States and any bonds, notes, or other obligations which are unconditionally guaranteed as to both interest and principal by the United States. (Feb. 24, 1919, ch. 18, § 1320, 40 Stat. 1148; Nov. 23, 1921, ch. 136, § 1329, 42 Stat. 318; June 2, 1924, 4:01 p. m., ch. 234, §§ 2, 1029, 43 Stat. 253, 349; Feb. 26, 1926, ch. 27, §§ 2,