網頁圖片
PDF
ePub 版

Wene, n. Sav. guess, supposition ; withouten wene,
not by fuppofition, certainly
Wene, v. Sax. to think, to fuppofe
Went, part. pa. of wende, gone

Wente, went, pa. t. of wende; went at borde, lived as a boarder

Went, n. a way, a paffage, turn in walking; in bed

Went, for want

Wep, pa. t. of wepe, v. Sar. wept
Wepely, adj. Sax. caufing tears'
Wepen, n. Sax. a weapon
Werche, n. & v. as Werke

Were, for weren, ind. m. pa. t. pl. of am, v. Sax. it is fometimes used for had, according to the Fr. custom, with reflected verbs, thise riotoures— were set hem in a tavern for to drinke-s'étoient mis, sétoient affis

Were, fubj. m. pa. t. fing. e. g. as it were; if on of hem were; whether the were; were it; it were a game

Were, v. Sax. to wear, to defend
Were, n. Fr. guerre, confufion; his herte in fuch

a were is fet, fon cueur a mys en tel guerre;
and in a were gan I wexe and with myself to
difpute

Were, n. Sax, for catching fish

Weren, pa. t. pl. of am. v. Sar. were
Werke, n. Sax. work; werkes pl.
Werke, v. Sax. to work

Werne, v. as Warne

Werre, n. Fr. war

Werrie, Fr. to make war against

Werfe, comp. d. of ill, adv. Sax. worse

Werfe, comp. d. of bad, adj. Sax. worse
Werfte, fuperl. d. of bad, worst

Wery, adj. Sax. weary

Wefh, pa. t. of wash, v. Sax. washed

Weftren, inf. m. v. Sax. to tend toward the weft
Wete, adj. Sax. wet
Wete, v. Sax. to wet
Wete, v. Sax, to know

Wether, n. Sax. the weather-a caftrated ram
Weting, n. Sax. knowledge

Weve, v. Sax, to weave

Weve, v. Sax. to put off, to prevent. See Weive❘ Wex, pa. t. of waxe or wexe, v. Sax. waxed, grew Wexing, part. pr. increasing

Weyeden, pa. t. pl. weighed. See Waye What, pron interrog. Sax. is often used by itself as a fort of interjection; what!

What, pron. indef. fomething, a little; what for love and for diftrefs, partly for love and partly for diftrefs; wete ye what? do ye know fomething? ne elles what? nor any thing else What, when joined to a ". fubft. (either expressed or underftood) is a mere adj. anfwering to qualis, Lat. quel, Fr. what they weren, what men they were; what fo, what that, whatsoever,

Wheder, conj. Sax. whether

[blocks in formation]
[ocr errors]
[ocr errors]

and Ther-Wherfore, wherin, wherthrough, wherwith, when used interrogatively, wherof, wherwith

Whether, adj. Sax. which of two

Whette, part. pa. of whet, v. Sax. sharpened Whiche, pron. rel. Sax. who, whom, adj. what, what fort of

While, n. Sax. time; in this mene while, in the
mean time; how he might quite hire while,
how he might requite her time, pains, &c. God
can ful wel your while quite
Whilere, adv. Sax. fometime before
Whilke, adj. Sax, which

Whilom, adv. Sax. once, on a time
Whine, v. Sax. to utter a plaintive cry
White, adj. Sax. fair, fpecious
White, v. to grow white
Who, pron. interrog. Sax.
Whos, gen. ca. fing.

Who, pron. rel. Sax. it is generally expreffed by

that

Whos, gen ca. fing. Who, pron. indef.

For wel thou woft the name as yet of her
Amonges the people, as who fayth halowed is

where as who fayth feems to be equivalent to as one fhould fay: the fame phrafe is fometimes ufed to introduce a fuller explanation of a paffage, as we might ufe-that is to say-who so, who that, whofoever

Wide-where, adv. Sax. widely, far and near
Wierdes, n. pl. Sax, the Fates or Deftinies
Wif, n. Sax. a wife, a woman

Wifhood, n. Sax. the state of a wife
Wifles, adj. Sax. unmarried

Wifly, adj. Sax. becoming a wife

Wight, n. Sax. a perfon, male or female, a fmal! fpace of time, weight, a witch; wytch cleped nyght mare

Wight, adj. Sax. active, fwift; of hem that ben deliver and wight, Conf. Am. 177, b. Wightes, n. pl. witches

Wike, n. for weke Wiket, n. Fr. a wicket Wikke, adj. Sax. wicked

William St. Amour, a doctor of the Sorbonne in the 13th century, who took a principal part in the dispute between the university of Paris and the Dominican friars

Willy, adj. Sax. favourable

Wiln, for willen, pl. n. of wille, v. Sax.
Wilne, v. Sax. to defire

Wimple, z. Fr. a covering for the neck; it is diftinguished from a veil, which covered the head alfo

Wering a vaile inftede of wimple,

As nonnes don in hir abbey.

Windas, n. Fr. guindal, an engine to raife ftones, &c. Winde, v. Sax. to turn round

Winde, as Wende, to go

Wher, in compofition, fignifies which. See Here Winne, v. Sax, to gain, to attain VOL. 1.

[ocr errors]
[blocks in formation]

Wiffe, v. Sax. to teach, to direct; fo God me wiffe, Wonne, part pa. of winne, v. Sax. won, conquer.

fo may God direct me.

Wifte, pa. t. of wifte, v. Sar. knew

Wite, . Sax. to know, to blame, to impute to wite it the ale of Southwark, impute it to the ale of Southwark; or blame the ale of Southwark for it Wite, n. Sax. blame

With, prep. Sax. is ufed in the fense of by; was with the leon frette, was devoured by the lion; in with his thought, in with hire bofom, within his thought, within her bofom; with mefchance, with mefchance and with mifaventure,with forwe and with mefchance; with forwe,are phrafes of the fame import as God yeve him meschance, God yeve me forwe: they are all to be confidered as parenthetical curfes, ufed with more or less ferioufnefs; and fo are the following phrases, with evil prefe, with harde grace, with fory grace Withholde, v. Sax. to stop

Withholden, withhold, part. pa. retained, detained
Withfain, inf. m. of withsay, v. Sax.

Withfaye, withfeye, v. to contradict, to deny
Witneffe, n. Sax. testimony, a witness
Witnesfully, adj. Sax. evidently

Witte, n. Sax. understanding, capacity-to my witte; in my judgment

Wittes, n. pl. Sax. the fenfes of man
Wive, n. for wif

Wivere, n. Sax, a ferpent

Wlatfom, adj. Sax. loathfome

Wo, n. Sax. wo, forrow-wo were us; wher me were wo, are expreffions derived from the Saxon language, in which us and me were equivalent to nobis and mihi, without the addition of the prep. to

Wo, adj. Sax. forrowful

Wo-begon, far gone in wo. See begon

ed, begotten

Wont, part. pa. of wone, accustomed
Wood, adj. as wode
Woodness, n. madness
Wordles, adj. Sax. fpeechless

Worldes, gen. ca. of world, n. Sax. is used in the fense of the adj. worldly; every worldes fore; my worldes blis

Wort, n. Sar. a cabbage, new beer in a state of fermentation

Worth, v. Sax. to be, to go, wo worthe! unhap-
py be, or wo be to! to climb, to mount
Wost, for wotest, knowest

Wote, wot, v. Sax. to know, wot, pa. f. knew
Wowe, (rather woe) v. Sax. to woo
Woxe, pa. t. of waxe, or wexe, v. Sax. grew
Woxen, part. pa. grown

Wraie, v. Sax. to betray, discover
Wrathen, inf. m. v. Sax. to make angry

Wrawe, adj. Sax. peevish, angry; wrawe, froward, ungoodly

Wrawness, n. peevishness

Wray, as wraie

Wreche, n. Sax. revenge

Wrenches, n. pl. Sax. frauds, ftratagems

Wreft, v. Sax. to twift; the nightingale with so great might hire voice began out wrell-to turn forcibly

Wrethen, part. pa. of writhe-wrethen in fere, twisted together; in Urry's edit. it is printed -within in fere

Wreye, v. as wraie

Wrie, v. Sax. to cover, to turn, to incline Wright, n. Sax. a workman

[ture

Wrine, for wrien, inf. m. of wrie
Wring,. Sax. to fqueeze fo as to express moif-

Wode, wood, adj. Sax. mad, violent; for wode, Writhe,. Sax. to twift, to turn afide,

like any thing mad

Wode, v. Sax. to grow mad
Wodewale, fr. n. of a bird

Wol, v. auxil. Sax. to will; it is used fometimes by ` itself, the inf. v. being understood, as she to water wolde, i, e. would diffolve into water; and to the wood he wbl, i. e. will go, ful many a man hath he begiled er this, and wol. i. e. will beguile

[man

Wolde, pa. t. would, wolden, pa. t. fubj. m. wolde
God! God wolde! o that God were willing
ne wolde God! God forbid!
Wold, part. pa. willed, been willing
Womanhede, n. womanhood, the virtue of a wo-
Wonde, v. Sax. wandian, to defift through fear
Wonde, pa. t. may perhaps be deduced from winde,
to turn, to bend,

The yerde is bet that bowen wol and winde
Than that that breft.

Wonde, ja. t. of wone, dwelled Wonder, adj. Sax. cuftom, ufage, habitation, a heap, an alienbly

1

[blocks in formation]

Y, at the beginning of many words, especially verbs and participles, is merely a corruption of the Saxon ge, which has remained uncorrupted in the other collateral branches of the Gothic language; what the power of it may have been originally, it is impossible, perhaps, now to determine: in Chaucer it does not appear to have any effect upon the fenfe of a word, fo that there seems to be no neceffity for inferting in a gloffary fuch words as ybleffed, ygranted, &c. which differ not in fignification from bleffed, granted, &c. Some, however, of this fort are

4

inferted, which may ferve at least to fhew more clearly the extent of this practice in Chaucer's time. Several other words are fhortly explained under this letter, of which a more full explanation may be found under their refpective fecond letters

Ya, adv. Sax. yea; it is ufed emphatically with both; ya bʊthe yonge and olde; ye both faire and good

Yaf, pa. t. of yave, v. Sax. gave

Yalte, for yelte; yalte him, yieldeth himself
Yare, adj. Sax. ready

Yate, n. Sax. a gate

Yave, pa. t. of yeve, gave

Y-be, part. pa.

been

Y-beried, part. pa. buried

Y-bete, v. a. to beat, ftamp, imprint
Y-blent, part. pa. of blend, blinded

Y-bient, part. pa. of blenche, fhrunk, started a

fide

Y-blint, part, pa. blinded

Y-bore, part. pa. of bère, born, carried
Y-bourded, part. pa. jested
Y-brent, part. pa. of brenne, burned

Y-chaped, part. pa. furnished with chapes, from chappe, Fr.

See Corven

Y-clouted, part. pa. wrapped in clouts or rags
Y-corven, part. pa. cut.
Y-coupled, part. pa.

Y-crafed, part. pa.

Y-deled, part. pa.

broken

diftributed

Y-dight, part. pa. adorned

Y-do, part. pa. done, finished

Y-drawe, part. pa. drawn

Ye, adv. Sux. as Ya; ye wis, yea certainly Yeddinges, would feem to mean ftory-telling Yede, part. pa. of yede,

v. Sax. went

Yefte, n. Six. a gift; yeftes, pl.

Yelde, v. Sax. to yield, to give, to pay; God

yelde you! God reward you! Yelieden, pa. t. pl. of yelle, v. Sax. Yelpe, v. Sax. to prate, to boast Yelte, for yeldeth

Yeman, n. Sex. a fervant of middling rank; a bailiff-Yemen, pl.

Yemaurie, . the rank of yeoman
Yerde, n. Sax. a rod or ftaff, fod, earth
Yere, for yeres, n. pl. Sax. years

Yerne, adj. Sax. brifk, eager

Yerne, adv, brifkly, eagerly, early, foon, immediately

Yerne, v. to defire, to feck eagerly
Yerning, a. activity, diligence

Yeten, part. pa. gotten

[ocr errors]

Yeve, v. Sax. to give

Yeven, yeve, part. pa. given
Y-falle, part. pa. fallen

Y-feined, part. pa. lordes heftes may not bèn y-feined, the commands of fovereigns may not be executed with a feigned pretended zeal, they must be executed ftrictly and fully

Y-fette, part. pa. fetched

Y-fonden, part. pa. found

Y-foftered, part. pa, educated

Y-freten, part. på. devoured

Y-geten, part. pa. gotten
Y-glofed, part. pa. flattered

Y-glued, part. pa. glewed, faftened with glew

[blocks in formation]

Yonghede, n. Sax. youth

Yore, adv. Sax. of a long time, a little before; yore agon, long ago; in olde times yore, of time yore

Yove, p. t. of yeve, gave

Youre, pron. p. Sax. is ufed for youres Youres, pron. poff. Sax. used generally when the noun to which it belongs is underfood or placed before it; he was an old felaw of youres, he was an old companion of yours, i. e. of or among your companions

Youthhede, n. Sax. youth

Yoxe, v. Sax. to hiccough

Y-piked, part. pa. picked, fpruce

Y-queint, part. pa. quenched

Y-reight, pa. t. reached

Y-reken, feems to be put for the old part. pr. y-rekend, reeking

Yren, n. Sux, iron

Y-rent, part. p. torn

Y-ronne, y-ronnen, part. pr. run
Y-fateled, part. p. fettled, established
Yfe, n. Sax. ice

Y-ferved, part. pr. treated

Y-fette, part. pl. fet, placed, appointed
Y-fhent, part. pa. damaged
Y-hove, part. pa. pushed forwards
Y-flaws, part. pa. flain

Y-fope, pr. n. So the name of the fabulift was commonly written, notwithstanding the diftinction pointed out by the following technical verse:

Yfopus eft herba, fed fopus dat bona verba

fop

In this and many other paffages which are quoted from Efop, by writers of the middle ages, it is not eafy to fay what author they mean the Greek collections of fables which are now current under the name of were unknown, I apprehend, in this part of the world at the time that Melibee was written: Phædrus too had difappeared: Avienus indeed was very generally read. He is quoted as fop by John of Salisbury, Polycrat. 1. vii. Ut fopo, vel Avieno, credas.But the name of top was chiefly appropriated to Z zij

2

the anonymous author of fixty fables in ele-
giac metre, which are printed in Nevelet's
collection under the title of Anonymi Fabula

The man goes home and gives two of them to his wife. Soon after, as they are dining upon a chine of mutton, the wife feels a longing for the marrow, and not being able to get at it, the wishes that her husband had an iron beak (long cam li witecoes, Fr. long as the woodcock) to extract this marrow for her: an excrefcence being immediately formed accordingly, the husband angrily wishes it off from his own face upon his wife'sAnd here the ftory is unluckily defective in both copies; but it is easy to fuppofe that the third and last remaining wish was employed by the wife for her own relief.——A fable upon a fimilar idea, in Fr. verfe, may be feen in mf. Bodl. 1687, the fame, as I apprehend, with one in the king's library at Paris, [mf. n. 7989, fol. 189,] which is entitled Les quatre foulaits Sainz Martin See Fabliaux, &c. t. iii. p. 311. The vanity of human withes is there expoted with more pleafantry than in the ftory juft cited, but, as it often happens, with much lefs decency Y-fowe, part. pa. sown Y-fpreint, part. pa. fprinkled Y-flicked, part. pa. fticked, thruft Y-ftorven part. pa. dead Y-take, pari. pa. taken Y-teyed, part. pa, tied Y-trefpafed, part. pa. trespassed Y-vanished, part. pa.

fpica. I have feen an edition of them in 1503 by Wynkyn de Worde, in which they are entitled fimply Efopi Fabule: the fubjects are for the most part plainly taken from Phædrus, but it may be doubted whether the author copied from the orig. work of Phædrus or from fome verfion of it into Latin profe. Several verfions of this kind are still extant in nif.; one of very confiderable antiquity has been publifhed by Nilant, Lugd. Bat. 1709, under the title of Fabule Antique, together with another of a later date, which is pretended to have been made from the Greek by an emperor Romulus, for the ufe of his fon Tiberinus. They all fhew evident marks of being derived from one com mon origin, like what has been obferved of the feveral Greek collections of Efopian fables in profe; Differt. de Babrio. Lond. 1776, like them too they differ very much from one another in ftyle, order of fables, and many little particulars; and, what is moft material, each of them generally contains a few fables, either invented or ftolen by its refpective compiler, which are not to be found in the other collections, fo that it is often impracticable to verify a quotation from Efop in the writers of Chaucer's time, unlefs we happen to light upon the identical book of fables which the writer Yvel, adj. Sax. bad, unfortunate who quotes had before him.- -I have print-Yvel, adv. Sax. ill ed in the Difcourfe, c. n. 29, a fable of The Yvoire, n. Fr. ivory Cock and the Fox, from the Fr. Efope of Ma- Y-wimpled, part. pa. covered with a wimple rie, which is not to be found in any other col-Y-wis, adv. Sax. certainly lection that I have feen, and which I fuppofe Y-wrake, pa. t. wreaked, revenged furnished Chaucer with the fubject of his Non-Y-wrie, part. pa. covered nes Proeftes Tale. In the fame Fr. Æfop, and in a Lat. mf. Bibl. Reg. 15. A. vii. there is a fable which I think might have given the hint for Prior's Ladle. A country fellow one day laid hold of a faery, (un folet, Fr.) who in Zeuxis, pr. n. a Grecian painter order to be fet at liberty gave him thice withes.

Several improbable conjectures, which have been
made with refpect to the real name and age of this writ
er, may be seen in the Menagiana, vol. i. p. 172, and in
Fabric. Bibl. Lat. vol. i. p. 376, ed. Patav. In the edi-
tion of thefe fables in 1503 the commentator (of no great
authority I confefs) mentions an opinion of fome people
that Galierus Angelicus fecit bunc librum fub nomine Efopi.
1 fuppofe the perfon meant was Gualterus Anglicus, who
had been tutor to William 11. King of Sicily, and was Arch-
bithop of Palermo about the year 1170. I cannot believe
that they were much older than his time, and in the be-
ginning of the next century they feem to be mentioned
under the name of fopus among the books commonly
read in fchools, by Eberhardus Bethunienfis in his Laby-
rintbus, tract in de Verificatione, v. 11.
Poet. Med. Avi. p. 826. About the middle of the fame
See Leyfer, Hist.
century (the 13th) Vincent of Beauvais, in his Speculum
Histor. 1. iii. c. 1. gives an account of fop, and a large
fpecimen of his fables, quas Romulus quidam de Graeco in
Latinum transtulit, et ad filium fuum Tyberinum dirigit; they
are all, as I remember, in the printed Romulus.--Soon after
the invention of printing, a larger collection of the fables
of Efop was made and publithed in Germany; it is di-
vided into fix books, to which is prefixed a life of fop
e Graeco Latina per Rimicium falta. The three firft are
composed of the iixty elegiac fables of the metrical fo
pus, with a few trifling variations, and to each of them is
Jubjoined a fable on the fame fubject in profe from Re-

[ocr errors]

mulus: book iv. contains the remaining fables of Romulus in profe only. The fifth book has not more than one or two fables which had ever appeared before under the name of Afop; the reft are taken from the Gefa RomaThe fixth and laft book contains feventeen fables with the norum, the Calilaba Damnab, and other obfcurer authors. following title, Sequuntur fabule nove Esopi ex translatione Remicii. There has been a great diversity of opinion (See Praef. Nilant,) while fome have confounded him among learned men concerning this Remicius or Rimicius, with the fictitious Romulus, and others have confidered him as the editor of this collection. I have no doubt that the perfon meant is that Rinucius who tranflated the Hfe of fop by Planudes and ninety-fix of his fables from the Greek into Latin, about the middle of the 15th centranflation of the epiftles of Hippocrates, mí. Harl. 3527. tury. (See Fabric. Bibl. Med. t. in v. Rimicies. In his he is ftyled in one place Verdenfis, and in another Caftilionerfts) All the fables from Remicius which compute this fixth book, as well as the life of Efop, which is profeffedly taken from Rimicius, are to be found in this tranilation by Rinucius. There is an edition of it printed at Milan hands of the German collector ia mf. fome years fooner, as about 1480, but it might very poffibly have come into the the first tranflations of Greek authors were eagerly fought very few perfons were capable of reading the originals, after and circulated through Europe at that time, when

[merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small]
« 上一頁繼續 »