poffession of territories belonging to the English and their allies, he fall be made to relinquish them, and they fhall be restored to the company, and the nabob Mahomed Ally Cawn. All prifoners that have been taken on either fide during the war, fhall be releafed, and Hyder Ally Cawn fhall be made to relinquifh all fuch territories belonging to the English company, and their allies, as he may have taken poffeffion of fince the ninth of the month Ramzan, in the year 1180, being the date of his treaty with the Pefhwa; and the faid territories fhall be delivered over to the English, and the nabob Mahomed Ally Cawn within fix months after this treaty being complete and the English in fuch cafe agreed, that fo long as Hyder Ally Cawn fhall afterwards abftain from hoftilities against them and their allies, and fo long as he fhall continue in friendship with the Pefhwa, that they will, in no refpect, act hoftilely towards him, Art. X. The Pefhwa engages on his own behalf, as well as on behalf of the nabob Nizam Ally Cawn, Ragojce Boufala, Syna Saheb Souba, and the nabob Hyder Ally Cawn, that they fhall in every refpect maintain peace towards the English and their allies the nabob Afoph ul Dowlah Behader, and the nabob Mahomed Ally Cawn Behader, and fhall in no refpect whatever give them any disturbance. The English engage on their own behalf, as well as on the behalf of their allies the nabob Afoph u Dowlah, and the nabob Mahomed Ally Cawn, that they fhall every relpect maintain peace towards the Peihwa, and his allies the nabob Nizam Ally Cawn, Ragejee Boufala, and Syna Saheb: and the English further engage on their own behalf, as well as on the behalf of their allies, that they will maintain Art. XII. The Pefhwa, and the chiefs of the Mahratta state, hereby agree, that the English fhall enjoy the privilege of trade as formerly, in the Mahratta territories, and fhall meet with no kind of interruption: and in the fame manner, the EastIndia company agree, that the fubjets of the Pefliwa fhall be allowed the privileges of trade without in terruption in the territories of the English. Art. XIII. The Pefhwa hereby engages, that he will not fuffer any factorics of other European nations to be established in his territories, or thofe of the chiefs dependent on him, excepting only fuch as are already eftablifhed by the Portuguefe; and he will hold no intercourfe of friendfhip with any other European na tions: and the Enghfit on their part agree, that they will not atterd affiftance to any nation of Decan, or Hindoftan, at enmity with the Pefhwa. Art. XIV. The English and the Pefhwa mutually agree, that neither will afford any kind of affiftance to the enemies of the other. Art. XV. The hon. the governorgeneral and council of Fort Wil liam engage, that they will not permit any of the chiefs, dependents, or fubjects of the English, the gentlemen of Bombay, Surat, or Madras, to act contrary, at any place, to the terms of this treaty. In the fame manner the Peliwa Madhoo Row Pundit Purdhan engages, that none of the chiefs or fubjects of the Mahratta ftate fhall act contrary to them. Art. XVI. The honourable EaftIndia company and the Pefhwa Madhoo Row Pundit Purdhan, having the fulleft confidence in Maha Rajah Subadar Madhoo Row Scindia Behader, they have both requcited the faid Maha Rajah to be the mutual guarantee for the perpetual and invariable adherence of both parties to the conditions of this treaty; and the faid Madhoo Row Scindia, from a regard to the welfare of both states, hath taken upon himfelf the mutual guarantee. If either of the parties fhall deviate from the conditions of this treaty, the faid Maha Rajah will join the other party, and will to the utmost of his power, endeavour to bring the aggrellor to a proper understanding. Art. XVII. It is hereby agreed, that whatever territories, forts or cities in Guzzerat, were granted by Ragonaut Row to the Englih, previous to the treaty of col. Upton, and have come into their poffeflion, the reftitution of which was fipulated in the 7th Article of the faid treaty, fhall be restored agreeable to the terms of the faid treaty. This treaty, confifting of feventeen articles, is fettled at Salbey, in the camp of Maha Rajah Subadar Madhoo Row Scindia, on the 4th of the month Jemmad ul Saany, in the year 1187 of the Hiegera, correfponding with the 17th of May, 1782, of the Chriftian æra, by the faid Maha Rajah, and Mr. David Anderson. A copy hereof fhall be fent, by each of the abovenamed perfons, to their refpective principals at Fort William, and Poonah, and on both copies being returned, the one under the feal of the hon. the Eat-India company, and fignature of the hon. governor-general and council of Fort William, fhall be delivered to Maha Rajah Madhoo Row Scindia Behader, and the other under the feal of the Pefhwa Madhoo Row Pundit Purdhan, and the fignature of Ballagee Pundit Nana Furnavefe, fhall be delivered to Mr. Anderson; this treaty fhall be deemed complete" and ratified, and the articles herein contained fhall become binding on both the contracting, parties. (Written in the Mahratta character, by Ragoo Bhow Dewan.) "In all 17 articles, on the 4th of Jemmad ul Akber, or the 5th of Jeyt Adeck, in the Shukul Pattah, in the year 1182." Subfcribed in the Mahratta cha- Agreed to what is above written, A True Tranflation, J. ANDERSON, Affiftant to the Embally. "Subfcribed in the band writing of Nana Furnavele," Done by me Ballajee Inardine, on the 15th of Mohurtum, in the year 1183, (December 20, 1782) under the fall feal of the Pefhwa, ratified alfo by Scindia, the 21ft of Rabbie ul Owal; counter part fubfcribed by Mr. Anderfan, the 24th of February, 1783. The above treaty was received and read in council, on Monday last, and on Tuesday morning a feu de joy of all the guns round the rampart was fired in honour of this event, from which we have every reason to expect the greatest advantages. The The following is a Tranflation of the Manifefto published by order of the Empress of Ruffia, upon the Occafion of ber Troops entering the Peninfula of the Crimea, the Cuban, and the island of Taman; which Countries are thereby declared to be annexed to her Imperial Majefty's Dominions. WE Catherine the Second, by the Grace of God, Emprefs and Sole Monarch of all the Ruffias, &c. &c. &c. OUR UR laft war against the Ottoman empire having been attended with the moft fignal fucceffes, we had certainly acquired the right of re-uniting to the territories of our empire the Crimea, of which we were in poffeflion: we, however, hefitated not to facrifice that, with many other conquefts, to our ardent defire of re-cftablishing the public tranquillity, and of confirming the good understanding and friendfhip between our empire and the Ottoman Porte. This motive induced us to tipulate for the freedom and independence of the Tartars, whom we had reduced by our arms; hoping to remove for ever, by this means, every caufe of diffenfion, and even of coolnets between Ruffia and the Ottoman Porte, expofed too often to thefe inconveniencies by the form of government which then fubfifted among the Tartars. Great as were our facrifices and efforts for realising thofe hopes, they were foon, to our great regret, confiderably diminished. The reillefinefs natural to the Tartars, fomented by infinuations, the fource of which is not unknown to us, caufed them eafily to fall into a fnare laid by foreign hands, which had fowed amongit them the feeds of disturbance and confufion to fuch a degree, as to induce them to labour for the weakening, and even the total ruin of an edifice which our beneficent cares had crected for the happines of that nation, by procuring them liberty and independence, under the authority of a chief elected by themfelves. Hardly was their khan established according to this new form of government, before he faw himfelf deprived of all authority, and even obliged to defert his country, to give place to an ufurper, who would again fubject the Tartars to the yoke of a dominion, from which our beneficence had released them. The greater part of them, as blind as they were ignorant, had fubmitted to that ufurper; the reft, thinking themfelves too weak to refift, would infallibly have yielded to his yoke; and thus we fhould have loft the fruits of our victories, and the principal recompence for the facrifices which we willingly made at the last peace, if we had not inftantly taken under our immediate protection fuch of the well-difpofed Tartars, who, prizing the bleffings of their new political existence, lamented their being forced to fubmit to the ufurper who had expelled their lawful khan. By thus effectually protecting them, we furnifhed them with the power and the means of chufing a new khan, in the room of Sahib-Ghe ray, and of establishing an adminiftration analogous to this state of affairs. It was to attain this end that our military forces were put in motion; that a confiderable body of our troops were ordered, not withstanding the feverity of the feafon, to enter the Crimea, where they were fubfifted at our expence, and obliged to exert the power of our army for the fupport of the good caufe, in order to recall fuch of the Tartars as were cftranged from it by their revolt. The public is not ignorant that a rupture between Ruffia and the Ottoman Porte had very near enfued upon this occasion; but, thanks to the Divine alitance, we dilpofed matters in fuch a manner, that the Ottoman Porte again acknowledged the independence of the Tartars, and the validity of the election of Schaghin-Gheray, their lawful fovereign. Notwithstanding all the inconveniencies above mentioned, as long as we were fuftained and animated by the hope of re-efta- blifhing the repofe neceffary to the advantage and prefervation of good neighbourhood with the Ottoman empire, we regarded the Crimea according to the tenour and letter of the treaties, as a free and independent country, confining ourfelf foley to appealing the troubles which prevailed amongst them; from our love of peac we found in this conduct a fufficient recompence for the great expences incurred by it; but we were foon undeceived in this refpect by the fresh revolt occafioned in the Crimea laft year, the encouragement of which always flowed from the fame fource. We have been obliged in confefequence to have recourfe again to confiderable armaments, and to caufe troops to enter into the Crimea and the Cuban, whofe prefence is become indifpenfible for maintaining tranquillity and good order in the adjacent countries. The fad experience of every day demonftrates more clearly, that if the fovereignty of the Ottoman Porte in the Crimea was a perpetual fource of difcord between our two empires, the independence of the Tar tars expofe us to fubjects of contention no lefs numerous and important, fince the long fervitude to which that people have been accuf we tomed, has rendered the greater part of the individuals incapable of valuing the advantages of the new fituation procured for them by that independence of which fought to give them the enjoyment; and which, laying us under the neceffity of being always armed, occafions not only great expences, but alfo expofes our troops to inevitable and continual fatigues. The efforts they made to extinguifh the flame of difcord, in fuccouring the well- intentioned of that nation, expofed them to the violences of the feditious and ill-intentioned, whom we were willing to leave unpunished, in order to avoid even the fhadow of an act of fove reignty, fo long as we could cherish the least hope of at length restoring good order, and preventing by this means the effential interefts of our empire from being injured. But to our great regret all these meafures, dictated folely by our love of humanity, tended only to bring upon us loffes and damages, which we have the more fenfibly at heart, as they affected our fubjects. The lofs in men is not to be appreciated; we will not attempt to estimate it; that in money, according to the most moderate calculations, amounts to upwards of twelve millions of roubles. To thefe particulars is to be added another of the utmost importance, both in its object and with regard to its confequences: we have juft been informed, that the Porte has began to lay claim to the exercife of fovereignty in the Tartar dominions, by fending one of their officers, at the head of a detachment of troops, to the island of Taman, who has even proceeded to caufe the officer to be publicly beheaded, who was fent to him by the khan Schaghin-Gheray, with a commiflion only to enquire of him what what were the motives for his arrival in that island; and what evidently proves the nature of the miffion of this commandant of the troops is, that he made no difficulty in declaring openly to the inhabitants of Taman, that he looked upon them as fubjects of the Porte. This decilive, though unexpected ftep, convincing us of the inutility of the facrifices we had made upon the last peace, annuls in confequence the engagements we had contracted, with the fole intention of firmly establishing the freedom and independence of the Tartars, and fufficiently authorizes us to enter again into the enjoyment of thofe rights which we had lawfully acquired by conqueft; the more fo, as it is the only means remaining for us to fecure hereafter a folid and permanent peace between the two empires. Animated therefore with a fincere defire of confirming and maintaining the last peace concluded with the Porte, by prevent ing the continual difputes which the affairs of the Crimea produced, our duty to ourfelf, and the prefer vation of the fecurity of our empire, equally demand our taking the film refolution to put an end, once for all, to the troubles in the Crimea ; and for this purpose we re unite to our empire the peninfula of Crimea, the island of Taman, and all the Cuban, as a juft indemnification for the loffes fuftained, and the expences we have been obliged to incur in maintaining the peace and welfare of thefe territories. In declaring to the inhabitants of thofe countries by the prefent manifefto, that fuch is our Imperial pleafure, we promife them, for us and our fucceffors in the Imperial throne of Ruffia, that they fhall be treated upon an equality with our ancient fubjects; and that, in taking them under our high pro 4 fection, we will defend against all people their perfons, their eftates, their temples, and the religion they profefs; that they fhall enjoy the moft abfolute liberty of confcience, without the least restriction, in the public exercite of their worship and their ceremonies; and that not only the nation in general, but alfo each individual in particular, fhall par ticipate in all the advantages enjoyed by our ancient fubjects. But we alfo expect, from the gratitude of our new fubjects, that, touched with thefe favours, they will be fenfible of the value of this fortunate revolution, which removes them from a convulfed ftate of disturbances and diffenfions to one of entire fecurity and perfect tranquillity under the protection of the laws; and that, ftriving to imitate the fubmiffion, zeal, and fidelity of those who have long had the happiness of living under our government, they will render themfelves worthy of our imperial favour, beneficence, and protection. Given at our im perial refidence of St. Petersburgh, the 8th of April, in the year of Grace, 1783, and in the 21st year of our reign. (Signed with her Imperial Majefty's own hand) CATHERINE. (L. S.) |