1813 to 1817, from 1819 to 1821, and from 1823 to 1825. He was a Baptist preacher, and elected to the General Assembly, but his seat was vacated on constitutional grounds.

Culver, Erastus D.-He was born in New York; graduated at the University of Vermont in 1826; served in the Assembly of New York in 1838 and 1841, and was a Representative in Congress, from New York, from 1845 to 1847.

Cumback, William. He was born in Franklin County, Indiana, March 24, 1829; was educated at the Miami University, Ohio; taught school for one or two years; attended the Law School at Cincinnati, and adopted the legal profession; and he was elected a Representative from Indiana, in the Thirty-fourth Congress.

Cummings, Thomas W.- He was born in Maryland, and was a Representative in Congress, from New York, from 1853 to 1855.

Cummins, John D.-He was born in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative, from Ohio, during the Thirtieth Congress. He died of cholera at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, September 11, 1848.

Cunningham, Francis A.-He was born in South Carolina, and was a Representative in Congress, from Ohio, from 1845 to 1847.

Curry, J. L. M.-Born in Lincoln County, Georgia, June 5, 1825, and removed with his father, in 1838, to Talladega County, Alabama, where he has since resided; he graduated at the University of Georgia in 1843, and at the Dane Law School, Harvard University, in 1845, and practised law with success in Alabama. In 1846 he joined the Texas Rangers for the Mexican war, but soon returned on account of ill health. He was a member of the lower branch of the Legislature of Alabama in 1847, 1853, and 1855; and in 1857 was elected a Representative in Congress, serving on the Committees on Revolutionary Claims, and Expenditures in the State Department. Re-elected to the Thirty-sixth Congress, serving on the Committee on Naval Affairs.

Resigned in 1861, and took part in the Rebellion of that year as a member of the Rebel Congress.

Curtis, Carlton B.-He was born in New York, and was a Representative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1851 to 1855.

Curtis, Edward.-Born in Vermont, graduated at Union College, New York, and practised law in New York City. He took a prominent part in the councils of that city, and was a Representative in Congress, from New York, from 1837 to 1841. He was appointed Collector of New York by President Harrison, and removed by President Polk. He was an intimate friend of Daniel Webster.

Curtis, Samuel R.-Born in Ohio (while his parents were emigrating to the West from Connecticut), February 3, 1807. He graduated at the West Point Academy in 1831, and was appointed a Lieutenant in the United States infantry, but resigned in 1832. He studied and pursued the profession of law in Ohio; was subsequently an engineer in Ohio and Iowa; from 1837 to 1840, chief engineer of the Muskingum Works; during the Mexican war he served as an Adjutant-General in mustering the State troops; he went to Mexico as a Colonel under General Taylor, and acted for a time as Governor of Matamoras, Camargo, Monterey, and Saltillo, performing much important service; on his return from Mexico, he practised law for a time, but was called to Iowa and Missouri to perform important labors as an engineer, in improvements of harbors and the building of railroads; and having finally settled at Keokuk, in Iowa, he was elected from that State a member of the House in the Thirty-fifth Congress. He was also re-elected to the Thirtysixth Congress, serving on the Committee on Military Affairs. He was also a Delegate to the Peace Congress in 1861. Re-elected to the Thirty-seventh Congress, but resigned to serve as a Brigadier-General in the Union army in 1861.

Cushing, Caleb.-Was born in Salisbury, Essex County, Massachusetts, January 17, 1800. He graduated at Harvard College in 1817, and was

subsequently a tutor there of mathematics and natural philosophy; studied law at Cambridge, and settled in Newburyport to practice, having come to the bar in 1822. In 1825 and 1826 he served in the State Legislature, and in 1829 visited Europe for pleasure, publishing, on his return, "Reminiscences of Spain," and "Review of the Revolution in France." He also wrote for the North American Review. In 1833 and 1834, he was again elected to the Legislature; and was a Representative in Congress, from 1835 to 1843. He was appointed by President Tyler Commissioner to China, and as such negotiated an important treaty. In 1846, he was again elected to the Legislature. In 1847 he was chosen Colonel of the Massachusetts Regiment of Volunteers for the Mexican war, and was afterwards appointed Brigadier-General by President Polk. In 1850, he was for the fifth time elected to the Legislature, and in 1851 was made a Justice of the Supreme Court of the State. When President Pierce came into power, he invited General Cushing into his Cabinet, as Attorney-General; and on his return home, he was again re-elected to the Legislature of his native State. In office, or out of it, he has the reputation of being a hard student, and his ability as a lawyer is unquestioned. In 1860, he was elected President of the Charleston Convention to nominate a President.

Cushman, John Paine.-He was born in Pomfret, Connecticut, in 1784, and graduated at Yale College in 1807. He studied law and removed to Troy, New York, where he practised his profession. He served in Congress, from 1817 to 1819; and in 1838, was appointed Judge of the Circuit Court, having previously been Recorder of the City of Troy, and one of the Regents of the State University. Died in Troy, New York, September 16, 1848. He was a man of eminence in his profession, and discharged with ability the various offices with which he was intrusted.

Cushman, Joshua.-He was born in Plymouth, Massachusetts; graduated at Cambridge in 1787; studied divinity; was a Representative in Congress, from Massachusetts, from 1819 to 1821; and represented Maine, in Congress, from 1821 to 1825, after its separation from

Massachusetts. He was also a State Senator in 1809, 1810, 1828, and 1829, and a member of the Assembly in 1811 and 1834, when he died.

Cushman, Samuel.-Born in 1783; was Judge of the Police Court of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and held several offices of trust in the State; such as Councillor, from 1833 to 1835; County Treasurer, from 1823 to 1828; and Navy Agent at Portsmouth, from 1845 to 1849. He was a Representative in Congress, from 1835 to 1839, and died in Portsmouth, May 20, 1851.

Born in Sa

Cuthbert, Alfred. vannah, Georgia; he graduated at Princeton College in 1803; and was a Representative in Congress, from Georgia, from 1814 to 1817; again, from 1821 to 1827, and a Senator of the United States, from 1837 to 1843. Died in 1856.

Cuthbert, John A.-He was born in Savannah, Georgia; graduated at Princeton College in 1805; and was a Representative in Congress, from his native State, from 1819 to 1821, and was appointed, by the President, in 1822, a Commissioner to treat with the Creek and Cherokee Indians.

Cutler, Manasseh.-He was born in Killingly, Connecticut, in 1742, and graduated at Yale College in 1765; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1767; removed to Dedham, Massachusetts, in 1769; studied for the ministry, and was ordained in 1771; and was settled as a pastor of a church in Hamilton, Massachusetts, September 11, 1771. He distinguished himself by

his attention to several branches of natural history, particularly by making the first essay toward a scientific description of the plants of New England, an account of several hundred of which, communicated by him, was published by the American Academy, of which he was a member. He was one of the first scientific explorers of the White Mountains. In 1787 he organized an expedition for the Northwest Territory, and in 1788, with General Rufus Putnam, commenced a settlement at Marietta, on the Muskingum, Ohio. In 1790 he returned, with his family, to New England, served a number of years in the Legislature, and was pastor of the church at Hamilton, Massachusetts, until his

death. In 1800 he was elected to a seat in Congress, and retained it till 1804, when he declined any further political employment, from its interference with his professional duties. He died July 28, 1823.

Cutler, William P.-Born near Marietta, Ohio, July 12, 1813; was elected to the Ohio Legislature in 1844, 1845, and 1846, officiating as Speaker of the House during the last term; he was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1850; from that period until elected to Congress, he was President of the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad Company; and he was elected a Representative, from Ohio, to the Thirtyseventh Congress, serving on the Committees on the Militia, and on Invalid Pensions.

Cutting, Francis B.-He was born in New York; was liberally educated, and adopted the profession of law; in 1836 and 1837 he was a member of the Legislature of New York, from the city of New York; and was a Representative in Congress, from his native State, from 1853 to 1855.

Cutts, Charles.-Born in Massachusetts, in 1769; entered Harvard College in 1786; graduated in 1790; studied law with Judge Pickering; was elected a member of the Legislature in 1804, and then Speaker of the House; was sent to the United States Senate in 1810, from New Hampshire, and served till 1813; and chosen Secretary of the Senate, from 1814 to 1825. By appointment, he entered the Senate, for a second term, in 1813, but resigned in June of that year. He died in Virginia, in 1846.

Cutts, Richard.-Born June 22, 1771, at Cutts Island, Saco, in the province or district of Maine, then constituting a part of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and received his early education at Harvard University, at which institution he graduated in 1790, and in the twentieth year of his age. He studied law, was extensively engaged in commerce, and took an active part in politics. He visited Europe, and on his return, after serving two successive years as a member of the General Court of Massachusetts, he was, at the age of twenty-nine, in 1800, elected by the people of his district a member of

the House of Representatives of the United States. He took his seat in the House, December 7, 1801, and through six successive Congresses, constantly sustained by the continued confidence of his constituents, he gave a firm support to President Jefferson's administration, and to that of his successor, President Madison, until the close of his first term, March 3, 1813, having patriotically sustained, by his votes, non-importation, non-intercourse, the embargo, and finally war, as measures called for by the honor and interest of the nation, although ruinous to his private fortune. On the 3d of June, of that year, he was appointed Superintendent-General of Military Supplies, an office created by the act of March 3, 1813, the functions of which were required only during the continuance of the war. The office was accordingly abolished by the act of March 3, 1817, to provide for the prompt settlement of public accounts. By the same act, the office of Second Comptroller of the Treasury was created, to which Mr. Cutts was immediately appointed by President James Monroe, and which he held until 1829; after which he resided in the city of Washington, in the retirement of private life, until his death, April 7, 1845.

Daggett, David.-Born in Attleborough, Massachusetts, December 31, 1764; graduated at Yale College in 1783, and was professor of law in that institution. He was State's Attorney and Mayor of New Haven, and frequently a member of the Legislature, and member of the Council. From 1813 to 1819 he was a Senator in Congress, from Connecticut; from 1826 to 1832 he was a Judge of the Supreme Court of the State, and was Chief Judge from 1832 to 1834, when he attained the age of seventy years. He died April 12, 1851.

Daily, Samuel G.-He was elected a Delegate, from the Territory of Nebraska, to the Thirty-seventh Congress, and re-elected to the Thirty-eighth Congress.

Dallas, George Mifflin. — He was born, July 10, 1792, in the city of Philadelphia, where he received his early education. He graduated at Princeton College in 1810; commenced the study of law in his father's office in Philadelphia; and was admitted to the

bar in 1813. In the same year he accompanied Mr. Gallatin to Russia as his private secretary, when that gentleman was appointed a member of the commission to negotiate a peace under the mediation of Alexander. During During his absence, he visited Russia, France, England, Holland, and the Netherlands. He returned to the United States in 1814, and after assisting his father for a time in his duties as Secretary of the Treasury, he commenced the practice of his profession at Philadelphia. In 1817 he was appointed the deputy of the Attorney-General of Philadelphia, and soon won a high reputation as a criminal lawyer.

He

took an active part in politics, and in 1825 he was elected Mayor of Philadelphia, and on the accession of General Jackson, in 1829, he was appointed to the office of District Attorney, the same office which had been held by his father. This post he held until 1831, when a vacancy having occurred in the representation from Pennsylvania in the United States Senate, Mr. Dallas was chosen to fill it. He took an active part in the debates of the stormy session of 1832–33. On the expiration of his term of office in 1833, he declined a re-election, and resumed the practice of his profession. In 1837 he was appointed by President Van Buren, Ambassador to Russia, and remained in that country until October, 1839, when he returned home, and once more devoted himself to the practice of law. In 1844 he was elected Vice-President of the United States, and entered upon the duties of his office in March of the following year. His term of office expired in March, 1849, when he was succeeded by Mr. Fillmore. He was appointed by President Pierce, in 1856, to succeed Mr. Buchanan as Minister at the Court of St. James, in which position he was retained by Mr. Buchanan, when he became President.

Dalton, Tristam.-Was born in that portion of Newbury, Massachusetts, now Newburyport, in 1783, and at the early age of seventeen graduated at Harvard University. He studied law as an accomplishment, the fortune which he inherited from his father not requiring him to practise it as a profession, and he took a deep interest in the cultivation of a large landed estate, in what is now the town of West New

bury. Washington, John Adams, Louis Philippe, Talleyrand, and other distinguished guests partook of his hospitalities. As eminent for piety as he was for mental endowments, the Episcopal Church, of which he was a warden, shared in his generous liberality; and he was also noted for the affectionate interest which he took in the welfare of his servants, both black and white. He was a Representative, Speaker of the House of Representatives, and a Senator in the Legislature of Massachusetts, and a Senator of the United States in the First Congress after the adoption of the Federal Constitution. When Washington City was founded, Mr. Dalton invested his entire fortune in lands there, and lost it by the mismanagement of a business agent. At the same time a vessel, which was freighted with his furniture and valuable library, was lost on her voyage from Newburyport to Washington, and he thus found himself, after having lived sixty years in affluence, penniless. Several offices of profit and honor were immediately tendered him by the Government, and he accepted the Surveyorship of Boston. He died in Boston in June, 1817, and his remains were taken to Newburyport, where they were interred in the burial-ground of St. Paul's Church.

Damrell, William S.-Born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, November 20, 1809; never had the privilege of even a common school education; was by trade a printer; and was elected a Representative, from Massachusetts, to the Thirty-fourth Congress, where he served on the Committee on Engraving, and to the Thirty-fifth Congress, serving on the Committee on Roads and Canals. Died at Boston, May 17, 1860.

Dana, Amasa.-He was a member of the New York Assembly in 1828 and 1829, and a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1839 to 1841, and again from 1843 to 1845.

Dana, Judah.-Born in Massachusetts in 1772; graduated at Dartmouth College in 1795; commenced the practice of law in Fryeburg; was Attorney for Oxford County for six years; Judge of Probate for twenty years; Judge of the Common Pleas for nine years; one of the Committee which drafted the Constitution of Maine; a

member of the Executive Council of the State in 1834; and by appointment of the Governor, was a Senator in Congress during the years 1836 and 1837. He died at Fryeburg, Maine, December 27, 1845.

Dana, Samuel. He was a respectable lawyer and a judge, and during the years 1814 and 1815 a Representative in Congress, from Massachusetts. He died at Charlestown in November, 1835, in the sixtieth year of his age.

Dana, Samuel W.-He was born in Connecticut in 1747, and died July 21, 1830. He graduated at Yale College in 1775, and was a Senator in Congress, from Connecticut, from 1810 to 1821.

Dane, Joseph.-He was born in Beverly, Essex County, Massachusetts, October 25, 1778, and graduated at Harvard University in 1799. He adopted the profession of law, and removing to Kennebunk, Maine, was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1816 and 1819, and from 1820 to 1823 he represented the York District of Maine in Congress; was subsequently in the Legislature as a member of the House for six years, and was a member of the Senate in 1829. He was chosen a member of the Executive Council of Massachusetts in 1817, and to a similar station in Maine in 1841, but he declined both offices. He settled in Kennebunk early in the present century, where he died, May 1, 1858.

Daniel, Henry.-He was born in 1793, and was a Representative in Congress, from Kentucky, from 1827 to 1833, where he had a famous encounter with Tristam Burgess.

Daniel, John R. J.-Born in Halifax County, North Carolina; graduated at the University of that State in 1821; studied law, and practised it with success. He served for several years in the General Assembly, and was elected Attorney-General of the State; and was a Representative in Congress, from 1841 to 1853, serving through several sessions as Chairman of the Committee on Claims.

Danner, Joel B.-He was a Representative in Congress, from Pennsylvania, from 1850 to 1851.

Darby, Ezra.-He was a Representative in Congress, from New Jersey, from 1804 to 1808. Died January 28, 1808.

Darby, John Fletcher.-Born in Person County, North Carolina, December 10, 1803. In 1818 he removed with his father to Missouri, and settled in St. Louis County, where, until 1823, he worked on a farm, pursuing his studies under many difficulties, having previously received a good English education in his native town. After the death of his parents, in 1825, he applied for an appointment at West Point, but being unsuccessful, sold out his father's estate, and went to Frankfort, Kentucky, and studied law with Mr. Crittenden. In May, 1827, having a license to practise from the Supreme Court of Kentucky, he returned to Missouri and commenced his professional life. He was four times chosen Mayor of the City of St. Louis, and once a member of the State Senate, and was a Representative in Congress, from 1851 to 1853.

Dargan, Edward S.-He was born in North Carolina, removed in early youth to Alabama, where he subsequently taught school and studied law. In 1844 he was elected Mayor of Mobile; from 1845 to 1847 he was a Representative in Congress; and during the latter year was elected a Judge of the Supreme Court of Alabama.

Darling, Mason C.- Born in Bellingham, Massachusetts, May 18, 1801; received a common school education; commenced active life as a school teacher in New York; and having studied medicine, graduated at the Berkshire Medical Institution of Massachusetts in 1824. He practised his profession for thirteen years, when he removed to Wisconsin, and aided in establishing the towns of Sheboygan and Fond du Lac. The principal offices held by him, in Wisconsin, were those of Judge of Probate, Mayor of Fond du Lac, a member, for several years, of the Territorial Legislature, and a Representative in Congress, from the State of Wisconsin, from 1847 to 1849.

Darlington, Edward.-He was born in Pennsylvania, and was a Representative in Congress, from that State, from 1833 to 1839.