for the Prefident, if the Legiflature of the United States fhall not be in feffion, to call forth and employ fuch numbers of the militia of any other State or States moft convenient thereto as may be necesfary; and the use of the militia so to be called forth may be continued, if neceffary, until the expiration of thirty days after the commencement of the ensuing feffion: Provided always, that whenever it may be neceffary, in the judgment of the Prefident, to ufe the military force hereby directed to be called forth, the Prefident fhall forthwith, and previous thereto, by proclamation, command fuch infurgents to difperfe and retire peaceably to their respective abodes within a limited time :" And whereas James Wilson, an affociate Juftice, on the 4th inftant, by writing under his hand, did, from evidence which had been laid before him, notify to me that "in the counties "of Washington and Alleghany in Pennsylvania, "laws of the United States are oppofed, and the "execution thereof obftructed by combinations "too powerful to be fuppreffed by the ordinary "courfe of judicial proceedings, or by the powers "vefted in the Marshal of that district :"

And whereas it is in my judgment neceffary, under the circumftances of the cafe, to take measures for calling forth the militia in order to fupprefs the combinations aforefaid, and to caufe the laws to be duly executed, and I have accordingly determined fo to do, feeling the deepeft regret for the occafion, but withal the moft folemn conviction, that the effential interefts of the Union demand it, that the very exiftence of Government and the fundamental principles of focial order are materially involved in the iffue, and that the patriotism and firmnefs of all good citizens are seriously called upon, as occafion may require, to aid in the effectual fuppreffion of fo fatal a fpirit:

4

Wherefore,

Wherefore, and in purfuance of the provifo above recited, I George Washington, Prefident of the United States, do hereby command all persons being infurgents as aforefaid, and all others whom it may .concern, on or before the ift day of September next, to difperfe and retire peaceably to their respective abodes. And I do moreover forewarn all perfons whom foever against aiding, abetting, or comforting the perpetrators of the aforefaid treasonable acts; and do require all officers and other citizens, according to their respective duties and the law of the land to exert their utmost endeavours to prevent and fupprefs fuch dangerous proceedings.

In teftimony whereof I have caufed the feal of

the United States of America to be affixed to these presents, and figned the fame day with (L. S.) my hand. Done at Philadelphia, the 7th day of Auguft, 1794, and of the independence of the United States of America, the nineteenth. G. WASHINGTON.

By the Prefident,

EDM. RANDOLPH.

SECOND PROCLAMATION.

By the Prefident of the United States of America.

A PROCLAMATION.

Whereas, from a hope that the combinations against the conftitution and laws of the United States, in certain of the western counties of Pennsylvania, would yield to time and reflection, I thought it fufficient, in the first inftance, rather to take meafures for calling forth the militia, than immediately to embody them; but the moment is now come, when the overtures of forgiveness, with no other condition than a fubmiffion to law, have been only partially accepted; when every form of conciliation not inconfiftent

confiftent with the being of Government, has been adopted without effect; when the well-difpofed in those countries are unable by their influence and example to reclaim the wicked from their fury, and are compelled to affociate in their own defence; when the proffered lenity has been perversely misinterpreted into an apprehenfion that the citizens will march with reluctance; when the opportunity of examin→ ing the confequences of a treasonable oppofition has been employed in propagating principles of anarchy, endeavouring through emiffaries to alienate the friends of order from its fupport, and inviting its enemies to perpetrate fimilar acts of infurrection; when it is manifeft that violence would continue to be exercised upon every attempt to enforce the laws; when, therefore, Government is fet at defiance, the contest being whether a small portion of the United States fhall dictate to the whole Union, and, at the expense of those who defire peace, indulge a defperate ambition :

Now, therefore, I George Washington, Prefident of the United States, in obedience to that high and irrefiftible duty, configned to me by the conftitution, "to take care that the laws be faithfully executed ;' deploring that the American name fhould be fullied by the outrages of citizens on their own Government; commiferating fuch as remain obftinate from delufion; but refolved, in perfect reliance on that gracious Providence which fo fignally difplays its: goodness towards this country, to reduce the refractory to a due fubordination to the law; DO HEREBY declare and make known, that with a fatisfaction, which can be equalled only by the merits of the militia fummoned into fervice from the States of NewJerfey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, I have received intelligence of their patriotic alacrity in obeying the call of the prefent, though painful, yet commanding neceffity; and that a force which, according

cording to every reasonable expectation, is adequate to the exigency, is already in motion to the scene of difaffection; that thofe who have confided or fhall confide in the protection of Government, fhall meet full fuccour under the ftandard, and from the arms of the United States; that those who, having offended against the laws, have fince entitled themselves to indemnity, will be treated with the most liberal good faith, if they fhall not have forfeited their claim by any fubfequent conduct, and that inftructions are given accordingly.

And I do moreover exhort all individuals, officers, and bodies of men, to contemplate with abhorrence the measures leading directly or indirectly to those crimes, which produce this refort to military coercion to check in their respective spheres the efforts of mifguided or defigning men to fubftitute their mifreprefentations in the place of truth, and their discontents in the place of stable government; and to call to mind, that, as the people of the United States have been permitted under the divine favour in perfect freedom, after folemn deliberation, and in an enlightened age, to elect their own Government; so will their gratitude for this ineftimable bleffing be best diftinguished by firm exertions to maintain the conftitution and the laws.

And lastly, I again warn all perfons whomfoever and wherefoever, not to abet, aid, or comfort the infurgents aforefaid, as they will answer the contrary at their peril; and I do alfo require all officers and other citizens, according to their several duties, as far as may be in their power, to bring under the cognizance of the law, all offenders in the premises.

In teftimony whereof I have caufed the feal of the United States of America to be affixed to these presents, and figned the fame with my (L. S.) hand. Done at the city of Philadelphia,

the

the 25th day of September, 1794, and of the independence of the United States of America the 19th.

By the Prefident,

GEO. WASHINGTON. EDM. RANDOLPH.

At the fame time that thefe proclamations were iffued, the President made a requifition for troops, on the governors of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New-Jersey, each of which States was required to furnish a certain quota. To attempt, here, a mere hiftory of the campaign, does not agree with my plan, which contemplates rather a developement of the fecret than the known circumftances of this infurrection. My objects, through the whole of this work, are, to record the crimes of democracy, and to undeceive the deluded people of Eng

land.

The New Annual Regifter (than which I do not know a work more full of falfehood and malice), in fpeaking of the infurrection in the western counties of Pennfylvania, exhaufts all its refources of mifreprefentation. It reprefents the affembling of the army as a matter attended with no difficulty, and ftates, that, at the appointed time, Governor Mifflin arrived at Carlisle," at the head of fix thoufand VOLUNTEERS *." From this representation,

who

*To obviate the poffibility of a charge of mifquotation, or mifrepresentation, I here quote the whole article from the New Annual Regifter for 1794, requesting the reader to perufe it with attention, as it has already been referred to, and will be referred to again, in the courfe of this work.

"The revolutionary spirit which has been so active in Europe, extended in the course of the present year beyond the Atlantic: and, in the peaceful plantations of North America, broke out into actual infurrection. However unexpected fuch a circumstance might be to those who obferved only the general happiness and

profperity