He therefore Resaca, but without success. moved around Johnston's left again, and compelled him to fall back to Dallas. Severe fighting occurred on the twenty fifth at New Hope Church, but Johnston maintained his position. Heavy skirmishing ensued until the twenty-eighth, when Sherman having turned Allatoona Pass, Johnston occupied a new position, embracing Pine, Lost and Kenesaw Mountains. Between the fifteenth of June and the second of July Sherman made several attempts to force this position, which was one of the strongest yet occupied by the Confederates, and fail ing to carry it, again moved to the left and turned it. Johnston at once fell back across the Chattahoochee and within the lines of Atlanta. He had prepared this city for a siege, and strongly fortified it. He had his army well in hand, and he was determined as soon as the Federal army had passed the Chattahoochee to attack in its ruin, and at all events would be decisive of the campaign. At this juncture, however, he was removed from his command on the seventeenth of July by the Confederate President, who was greatly dissatisfied with the results of the campaign, and who, WHYMPER MAJOR-GENERAL JAMES B. M'PHERSON. Sherman and force him to a decisive encounter. He hoped to defeat him, and had purposely avoided a general battle until now. Should he succeed in his attempt the defeat of the Federal army at such a great distance from its base might result it was generally believed, was influenced by his personal hostility to Johnston. General John B. Hood, a gallant soldier, but unfit for the great task imposed upon him, was appointed to succeed General Johnston. In Johnston General Sherman had recognized an antagonist of the first rank, and had conducted the campaign accordingly. He regarded the appointment of General Hood as greatly simplifying the task before him. The Federal army had already paid the heavy price of over thirty thousand men for its advance to Atlanta, while Johnston had lost less than eight thousand men. The conditions were now to be reversed. GENERAL GEORGE H. THOMAS. ablest commanders. Sherman now drew in his lines closer to Atlanta, and by a skilful movement thrust his army between the two wings of Hood's forces, thus exposing them to the danger of being beaten in detail. This movement sealed the fate of Atlanta, which was evacuated by the Confederates on the thirty-first of August. On the second of September Sherman occupied the city. Hood retreated towards Macon. The loss of Atlanta was a serious blow to the South. It placed the Federal army in the heart of Georgia, and destroyed the principal source from which the Confederate armies were supplied with military stores, which had been manufactured in great quantities at Atlanta. Rome, Georgia, which was captured by Sherman's army during the campaign, was also largely engaged in the manufacture of arms and ammunition. General Sherman was now anxious to march his army through Georgia, and unite with the Union forces on the coast, but he was unable as yet to undertake this movement, as Hood, with an army of thirty-five thousand men lay in his front, and his communications with Chattanooga and Knoxville were exposed to the raids of the Confederate cavalry. He now learned that the Confederate government had ordered General Hood to invade Tennessee for the purpose of drawing his army out of Georgia, and concluded to make no effort to prevent was confided to the Army of the Tennessee, under General George H. Thomas, who was given a sufficient force to hold Tennesse and Sherman set about preparing his army for his march to the sea. Thomas was heavily reinforced from the North. On the seventeenth of July the Union | this movement. The task of watching Hood army crossed the Chattahoochee, and advanced towards Atlanta. On the twentieth and twenty-second Hood attacked the Federal lines on Peach Tree Creek, but only to be beaten back with a loss of over eight thousand men, without inflicting any serious injury upon the Union army, which, however, lost General McPherson, one of its Hood began his forward movement towards the last of October, and on the thirty-first of that meath, crossed the Tennessee, near command of General Schofield, and effecting Florence. He remained on this river until a passage of Duck River, on the twenty ninth. Schofield fell back to Franklin, eighteen miles south of Nashville. He was attacked on the thirtieth, by the Confederates and forced back to Nashville, within the defences of which city, General Thomas had collected an army of about forty thousand men. Hood invested the city, and hastened forward his preparations to assault the Federal works. General Thomas, how ever, anticipated him, and on the fifteenth of December, attacked the Confederate army and forced it back at all points. The next day, the sixteenth, the battle was renewed, and Hood was completely routed. On the seventeenth the Union army set out in pursuit of Hood's broken columns, and followed them for over fifty miles. But for the gallantry of a small rear guard, which preserved its discipline and covered the retreat to the last, the ' Confederate army would have been scattered beyond all hope of reunion. Hood recrossed SON SC THE COUNTRY TRAVERSED BY SHERMAN IN HIS MARCH THROUGH GEORGIA. the middle of November, and on the nineteenth, marched northward, forcing back the |