up the Rhine and back, it is not worth while to take a carriage, now that the extension of railroads and steamers affords such facilities for public travelling.

g. REQUISITES FOR TRAVELLING.

On all occasions it is desirable to have as little baggage as possible. But this is more especially the case on the Belgian and German Railroads. Passengers are allowed to retain parcels, which are not too large to go under the seat of the carriages; all larger articles are taken from them, and the trouble, time, anxiety, and expense, which are saved by having only a bag which may be thus stowed away, and carried in the hand, are incalculable.”—P. H.

"Those ladies who take an interest in mountain scenery, or excursions from the high road, will find great advantage in a saddle constructed by Whippy, in North Audley Street. The crutch is separable, for the convenience of packing. The girths, crupper, &c., are so made as to fit horse or donkey. The whole packs into an oil cloth bag, which may be attached to any part of the carriage. To any person who has been in the habit of riding, this pad will be found more convenient than even the saddles made at Chamounix expressly for steep and rugged mule tracks. I have never found any difficulty in procuring animals to ride, but on no occasion, except at Chamounix have I been able to procure a woman's saddle."-W. B. B.

On crossing frontiers, as between Verviers and Aix-la-Chapelle, no parcels are allowed to remain in the carriages with the passengers.

The following hints are principally addressed to those who intend to make pedestrian journeys.

The shoes, or buttoned-boots, ought to be double-soled, provided with hob-nails, such as are worn in shooting in England, and without iron heels, which are dangerous, and liable to slip in walking over rocks; three rows of nails are better: the weight of a shoe of this kind is counterbalanced by the effectual protection afforded to the feet against sharp rocks and loose stones, which cause contusions, and are a great source of fatigue and pain. They should be so large as not to pinch any part of the foot. The soles should be made large not only to afford the feet a firm bearing, but that the projecting edge may protect the feet from blows, from large stones, &c. Small screws will be found better than nails, as nails are apt to be knocked out by striking against rocks, and the screws hold together the different layers of the soles, which when thick will often, after being much wetted, separate from each other. The experienced pedestrian never commences a journey with new shoes, but with a pair that have already conformed to the shape of the feet. Cotton stockings cut the feet to pieces on a long walk; in their places, thick knit worsted socks, or cotton stockings with worsted feet, ought invariably to be worn. Gaiters are useful in wet weather to keep the socks clean; at other times to prevent small stones from falling into the shoes, but they are liable to heat the ankles. It is advisable to travel in woollen trousers, not in linen, which afford no protection against rain or changes of temperature in mountain regions; those of Tweed

stuff are very suitable. A frock coat is better than that pet dress of juvenile Englishmen—a shooting jacket, which, though well enough in remote places, is strange, and will attract notice in the streets of a foreign town.

A very serviceable article in a traveller's wardrobe is a Blouse (Kittel in German), somewhat resembling a ploughman's smockfrock in England, but by no means confined to the lower orders abroad, as it is a common travelling costume of nobles, gentles, and peasants. It may be worn either over the usual dress, to keep it clean and free from dust, or it may be substituted for the coat in hot weather. This kind of garment may be purchased ready-made in any German town. The best colour is brown; blue is usually worn by agricultural labourers only. The common light great coat now worn in England is perhaps even preferable to the blouse. A knapsack may be purchased at a much cheaper rate abroad, and on a much better plan than those made in England. Portmanteaus are better in England than any where else. The dimensions admitted in the French mails are, 27 inches in length, 15 in breadth, and 13 in height; which a traveller bound for France will do well to remember. Soap is indispensable, being a rare article in Continental Inns. A waterproof Macintosh life-preserver may be useful in some situations.

A flask, to hold brandy and kirschwasser, is necessary on mountain excursions: it should be remembered, however, that spirits ought to be resorted to less as a restorative than as a protection against cold and wet, and to mix with water, which ought never to be drunk cold or unmixed during a walk. The best restorative is tea, and it can be procured good in Holland, and in most of the large towns of Germany.

Carey, optician, 181. Strand, makes excellent pocket Telescopes, about four inches long, combining, with a small size, considerable power and an extensive range. Black glass spectacles are the best protection for the eyes against the glare of the sun in a southern climate. Spectacles are almost indispensable in railway travelling, for those who ride in 3d class carriages, to protect the eyes from dust and cinders. A very neat portable writing case is made by Lee, 440. W. Strand, who keeps also polyglott washing books in 7 or 8 languages.

A stout leather or canvass bag, to hold silver crown pieces and dollars ; — cards, adhesive labels, pieces of parchment or leather, for writing directions for the baggage (the managers of public conveyances abroad often insist upon each package being addressed, before they will take charge of it); —and one or two leather straps, to keep together small parcels, will be found very useful.

h. STEAM-BOATS FROM ENGLAND TO THE CONTINENT.

*Berths may be secured in the Steamers belonging to the General Steam Navigation Company; but they should be taken some time before-hand, and notice thereof should be sent to the captain of the vessel, by the clerk of the office, and information may be obtained respecting them, at the offices,

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69. Lombard Street, and 37. Regent Circus, Piccadilly. Passengers are requested to have all the packages composing their baggage distinctly marked with their names, and to take the whole on board with them. Baggage is not subject to examination on quitting London, but remains in the custody and under the control of the persons to whom it belongs, and the Company is not liable for any damage or loss of it, nor for unavoidable delays or accidents, nor Sea Risks of any kind whatsoever.

Travellers arriving from the country in London, to start by steam early in the morning, will find the hotels adjacent to London Bridge convenient night quarters.

For further particulars see the printed advertisement of the General Steam Navigation Company, the Belgian Company, the Dutch Company (Batavier), the Commercial Company (Southampton).

Carriages, Horses, and Baggage, being the bonâ fide property of passengers from Hamburg and Havre, landed free of expense in London: Carriages and horses, being the bonâ fide property of passengers going to Hamburg and Havre, shipped free of expense in London. Carriages (properly directed) and horses for embarkation from London, must be sent in charge of proper persons, as follows: -for Hamburg and Havre, to Custom House Quay, Lower Thames Street, by 12 o'clock on the day previous to the departure of the packets; for Antwerp and Rotterdam, to Brunswick Wharf, Blackwall; and for Ostend, Calais, and Boulogne, to London Bridge Wharf, - -two hours previous to the departure of the packets.

i. LANDING ON THE CONTINENT-CUSTOM-HOUSE-COMMISSIONAIRES. When the steam-boat reaches its destined port, the shore is usually beset by a crowd of clamorous agents from the different hotels, each vociferating the name and praises of that for which he is employed, stunning the distracted stranger with their cries, and nearly scratching his face with their proffered cards. The only mode of rescuing himself from these tormentors, who often beset him a dozen at a time, is to make up his mind beforehand to what hotel he will go, and to name it at once. The Agent or Commissionaire of the house then steps forward, and the rest fall back, while he takes the new arrival under his protection, extricates him from the throng, and conducts him to his quarters.

Passengers are not allowed to take their baggage on shore with them; it is conveyed at once from the vessel to the Custom-house by the Custom-house porters, who are answerable for the safety of every thing. The owner, instead of appearing himself to claim it, had better send his servant, or the Commissionaire of the Inn, intrusting him with the keys, in order that he may open and clear each package. This is his usual duty, and the Landlord of the Inn, who employs him, is answerable for his honesty. Personal attendance at a Custom-house is by no means calculated to put the traveller in good humour. Indeed, it is a severe trial to his patience, first to wait till his turn comes, amidst the elbowing of porters, and "" with a next, to look on while his well-packed trunk is tossed over cruel, hard-hearted sort of civility which leaves nothing to complain of, and everything to lament." Indeed, the search into the baggage is often more severe in the presence of the traveller, which

seems sometimes to give rise to a suspicion of smuggling. He that would keep his temper, and does not grudge a fee of two francs to the Commissionaire, will intrust to him his keys, and dismissing the care of his baggage from his thoughts, amuse himself for an hour or so, when he will probably find his effects conveyed to his chamber, very often not opened at all, generally only slightly examined.

If, however, the baggage contain any contraband articles, it is advisable to declare them beforehand, and to pay the duty.

"Those who would travel with comfort should be particularly on their guard against rendering themselves liable to detention or penalty at the foreign Custom-houses. They should avoid taking any thing which is contraband, either for themselves or for their friends; for it too often happens that travellers on the Continent are meanly solicited to take those things for their friends who are abroad, which they dare not send by the public conveyance, thus rendering their travelling friends liable to penalty and punishment. This is more strikingly the case where they are requested to take letters, for which public conveyances are provided in this case they suffer their friends to run a great risk for the sake of saving the postage. Such conduct is most unpardonable.” — Brockedon.

The next service the Commissionaire will perform is, to obtain the signature of the police for the traveller's passport, so as to enable him to proceed on his journey. Travellers of respectability are scarcely ever required now, as they were formerly, to repair in person to the police office, to obtain a signature for the passport. The passport should be the traveller's first care; indeed, until it is visé, he is, comparatively speaking, not a free agent.

k. BRITISH CUSTOM-HOUSE- - TRANSMISSION OF GOODS FROM THE

CONTINENT.

In England, the right of personal search exists only where the Custom-house officer has good cause to suspect that contraband goods are concealed about the person. The suspected individual may call upon a justice of the peace, or a comptroller of the Customs, to decide whether the suspicion is well founded.

Travellers who send works of art, or other valuable property, from the Continent to London, should consign them to the care of an agent at the Custom-house in London, as such articles are frequently injured, and needless expense incurred, from want of a person to take charge of them when they arrive, and to see them examined, entered, and properly repacked. The charge is the same whether the goods are so consigned or not. The Author of the Hand-book has employed Mr. Chinnery, of Thames Street, London, on such business, and has found him attentive and trustworthy.

Mr. Chinnery has licence from the Commissioners of Customs to act as agent for receiving and despatching goods, and has given bond to the amount of 10007. for the safety of property intrusted to him.

Messrs. M'CRACKEN and Co., 7. Old Jewry, London, are longestablished and highly trustworthy agents, and have a very large list of foreign correspondents, especially in Italy. Messrs. Lightly and Simon, 123. Fenchurch St., may also be mentioned.

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For lists of foreign correspondents, see the advertiser at the end of this Volume.

N. B. Goods must be examined when they arrive in London; therefore packages that are locked should have the keys attached.

7. INNS AND INNKEEPERs.

Foreign Innkeepers desirous of attracting English travellers to their houses, by studying the wants and wishes of their guests, will do well to attend to the following notes of information, which ought to be hung up by Innkeepers on the walls of every coffee-room for travellers :

"Prices of all Articles supplied by the Hotel. Meals -Tabled'hôte-Wines Carriages, &c.

Baths

"Public Conveyances. Mails-their time of Starting - Price to various Places - Time of Arrival - Diligences, ditto - Steam-boats, ditto Other Boats, ditto Printed Papers of Steam-packets to England and down the Rhine - Fiacres.

There ought to be hung up on the walls a Map of the town, if there is one- Map of the adjacent country Map of the kingdom. A Directory of the town, if published, should always be kept in the coffee-room.

"Distinct compartments on the walls should be secured for different advertisements, affiches, &c. In large cities, lists of theatres and operas. Every hotel ought to have in the hall, or where the keys are kept, a large board with the numbers of each apartment, and a space opposite, in which the name of the occupier is written. The best hotels have this, and it is a very great convenience to enable travellers to discover their friends. A book is of little use, because it is never kept up to the time.

"If the card of the hotel has printed on its reverse a small map of the town, with a dark spot for the hotel, it is extremely useful.

Every steamer or other boat ought to have hung up in it the tariff of prices. This is rarely omitted (except on the Lake of Geneva), and when omitted, travellers always suppose they are charged higher than the natives.

"Steam-boats ought also to be furnished with printed lists of the time of starting of mails and diligences, from the points at which they stop.

66 Many hotels, on the Rhine and elsewhere, charge a single traveller (who supped in the coffee-room and slept one night) a franc for wax candles. This is not to be admitted, unless he have a private sitting room. I have never paid it, finding it immediately withdrawn on remonstrance. If travellers will not resist, they will be compelled to pay it on the plea of custom.

It is the interest of every hotel-keeper to supply his guests with information, relative to the modes of leaving him: this renders their return more probable." - Charles Buller.

Caution to Innkeepers and others. A person or persons have of late been extorting money from innkeepers, tradespeople, artists, and others on the Continent, under pretext of procuring recommendations and favourable notices of them and their establishments in the