R. Rabenstein. [Ravenstone.] An ancient feudal castle, of late partially restored, near Streitberg, in Franconia, Germany. Raboteur, Le. [The Planer.] A picture by Annibale Caracci 66 (1560-1609), representing Joseph 'planing a board, while Jesus, a lovely boy about six or seven years old, stands by watching the progress of the work. Mary is seated on one side plying her needle." This picture is in the collection of the Earl of Suffolk at Charlton, England. "The great fault of this picture is the subordinate and commonplace character given to the Virgin Mary; otherwise it is a very suggestive and dramatic subject, and one which might be usefully engraved in a cheap form for distribution." Mrs. Jameson. Raby Castle. One of the finest and best-preserved of the ancient northern castles of England, the seat of the Duke of Cleveland. King Canute presented it with other offerings at the shrine of St. Cuthbert, but it passed out of the hands of the monks in 1131. Portions of the older building are so skilfully incorporated with the new that it seems a perfect specimen of a castle of the fourteenth century. The castle is of great size and strength, and the walls surrounding it occupy about two acres of ground. The pleasuregrounds and park are of a magnificence commensurate with that of the castle itself, and command lovely prospects. Rachel. See JACOB AND RACHEL. Rachel's Tomb. A small structure near Bethlehem is known as the "sepulchre of Rachel." Jews, Moslems, and Christians unite in affirming the authenticity of this sepulchre, although the building is modern. They journeyed from Bethel, and there was but a little way to come to Ephrath. .. And Rachel died, and was buried on the way to Ephrath, which is Bethlehem. Gen. xxxv. 16-19. Radcliffe Library. An imposing library building connected with the University of Oxford, founded by Dr. John Radcliffe (d. 1714). Radical Road. The name given to a promenade under the cliff called Salisbury Crags in Edinburgh, Scotland. The name is derived from the circumstance that the road was built in 1819 by disaffected people who were out of employment. Rainbow, The. According to Aubrey, the Rainbow, in Fleet Street, the second coffee-house established in London, was opened about 1656. It is now a tavern, and the old coffee-room has been destroyed. The coffee house was the Londoner's house; and those who wished to find a gentleman commonly asked, not whether he lived in Fleet Street or Chancery Lane, but whether he frequented "the Grecian" or "the Rainbow." Macaulay. Rainbow Falls. A beautiful cascade in the Adirondack region of New York, near the foot of the Ausable Ponds. Rainbow Landscape. The name given to a celebrated picture by Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640). Now in the Bethnal Green Museum, London. Rainy Season in the Tropics. A noted picture by Frederic Edwin Church (b. 1826), the American landscape-painter. Raising of Lazarus. A picture by Sebastian del Piombo (1485-1547), and considered one of the most important works of the sixteenth century, executed for Giulio de' Medici, afterward Pope Leo X. It is now in the National Gallery, "This is in many respects one of the noblest pictures existing, -a dramatic combination and pictorial completeness which few would now hesitate to prefer to the Transfiguration by Raphael." Eastlake, Handbook of Painting. Raising of Lazarus. An admired painting by Benjamin West (1738-1820), serving as an altarpiece in Winchester Cathedral, England. Raising of Lazarus. A picture by Benjamin Robert Haydon (17861846). In the National Gallery, London. Raising the Body of St. Hubert of Liège. An altar-piece, ascribed to Gerard van Meire, the Flemish painter, but which has also been ascribed to Dierick Bouts and to other painters. It is in the National Gallery of London. Rake's Progress. A famous dramatic and satirical picture by William Hogarth (1697-1764). "It would be suppressing the merits of his heart to consider him only a promoter of laughter. Mirth colored his pictures, but benevolence designed them. He smiled, like Socrates, that men might not be offended at his lectures, and might learn to laugh at their own follies." Lord Orford. Rákos, Field of. [Rákos Mezo.] See FIELD OF RÁKOS. Raleigh's House. See MYRTLE GROVE. Ramaseum [or Memnonium]. An ancient Egyptian palace and temple at Thebes, the residence of Rhamses the Great. It is now a wreck, but the ruins indicate that it was of immense size. Within the palace are the remains of the statue of Rhamses, the largest found in Egypt. The walls are covered with wonderful sculptures, illustrating the adventures and victories of the great king, and his offerings to the gods. [Written also Rhamession.] "The Rhamession was built wholly by the great Rhamses, in the fifteenth century B.C.; . . . and it may be considered as a typical example of what an Egyptian temple of this age was intended to have been. Its façade is formed by two great pylons, or pyramidal masses of masonry, which, like the two western towers of a Gothic cathedral, are the most imposing_part of the structure externally. They [the palace-temples] do not seem to have been appropriated to the worship of any particular god, but rather for the great ceremonials of royalty, of kingly sacrifice to the gods for the people, and of worship of the king ĥimself by the people.' Fergusson. And thou hast walked strange a story! about - how In Thebes's streets, three thousand years dous, Of which the very ruins are tremendous. Rambla. A beautiful promenade in Barcelona, Spain. The name is derived from the Arabic, and signifies a river-bed, which in Spain, being often dry in summer, is used as a road. It is the centre of fashion and amusement. Ramble, The. A lovely region in Central Park, in the city of New York, with labyrinthine foot-paths winding through acres of woody hills, bordered by a lake. Rambouillet. See HÔTEL DE RAM Ranelagh Gardens. A place of amusement in London, no longer in existence, but very popular from its opening in 1742 till the beginning of the present century. Ranelagh, spoken of by Smollett as being like the " enchanted palace of genii," was a sort of rival to Vauxhall. "The prince, princess, duke, much nobility, and much mob besides, were there." Walpole (in 1742). "Ranelagh has totally beat Vauxhall. Nobody goes anywhere else - everybody goes there." Walpole (in 1744). "Ranelagh was a very pleasing place of amusement. There persons of inferior rank mingled with the highest nobility of Britain." Samuel Rogers. Accordingly, Mr. Stryver inaugurated the Long Vacation with a formal proposal to take Miss Manette to Vauxhall Gardens; that failing, to Ranelagh; that unaccountably failing too, it behooved him to present himself in Soho, and there declare his noble mind. Dickens. Vauxhall and Ranelagh! I then had heard Of your green groves, and wilderness of lamps Dimming the stars, and fireworks magical, And gorgeous ladies, under splendid domes, Floating in dance, or warbling high in air The song of spirits. Wordsworth. he should give it, and it was agreed to Raphael and his Fencing Master. "As clever a picture as can be, -clever is just the word, the groups and drawing excellent, the coloring pleasantly bright and gaudy; and the French students study it incessantly: there are a dozen who copy it for one who copies Delacroix." Thackeray. Raphael Sanzio. In Rape of Europa. A picture by Paul Veronese (1530?-1588). the Doge's Palace, Venice. Rape of Ganymede. 1. The masterpiece of the Athenian sculptor Leochares (fl. 372-338 B.C.) Copies in marble of the bronze original abound. One, and perhaps the best existing, is in the Museo Pio-Clementino, of the Vatican, Rome. There is another copy in the Library of St. Mark's, Venice. 2. A well-known picture by Rembrandt van Ryn (1606-1669), the Dutch painter. Now in the Dresden Gallery. Rape of Proserpine. A picture by Rape of Proserpine. A picture by "John of Bologna, after he had finished a group of a young man, holding up a young woman in his arms, with an old man at his feet, called his friends together to tell him what name A celebrated portrait of himself by the painter. In the collection of autograph portraits in the Uffizi Gallery, Florence, Italy. There is another in the Louvre, Paris. Raphael, Stanze of. See STANZE See CAR OF RAPHAEL. Raphael's Cartoons. TOONS OF RAPHAEL. Raphael's Loggia. See LOGGIA OF RAPHAEL. Raphael's House. [Ital. Casa da Raffaello.] A well-known house in Florence, Italy, in which Raphael was born and lived. Ras-et-Teen, Palace of. This palace, built by Mohammed Ali, is situated at the western end of the peninsula of the same name, near Alexandria, Egypt. Ratcliffe Highway. A famous London thoroughfare, now called St. George's Street, noted from its association in former times with murders and robberies. "Many can remember the terror which was on every face, the carcful barring of doors, the providing of blunderbusses and watchmen's rattles." Macaulay. "Look at a marine-store dealer's, in that reservoir of dirt, drunkenness, and drabs: thieves, oysters, baked potatoes, and pickled salmon,-Ratcliff Highway." Dickens. Rattler, The. The first naval vessel propelled by a screw. She was built by the English Admi ralty, and launched at Sheerness in 1843. Ravenscraig Castle. A ruined fortress near Kirkcaldy, in Scotland. Moor, moor the barge, ye gallant crew, Nor tempt the stormy Firth to-day. Yon's Ravenscraig, wi' riven ha', William Thom. Reading Magdalen. See MAGDA LEN. Reale, Villa. See VILLA REALE. Rebecca. A picture by Horace Vernet (1789-1863), the French painter. "His [Vernet's] Rebecca' is most pleasing; and not the less so for a little pretty affectation of attitude and needless singularity of costume." Thackeray. Red Bull. An old London theatre referred to by Knight as being in 1583 one of the chief London theatres. "I have seen the Red Bull play. house, which was a large one, so full, that as many went back for want of room as had entered; and, as meanly as you now think of these drolls, they were then acted by the best comedians." Kirkman, 1672. Red Convent. An ancient monastery of Coptic Christians in Upper Egypt. Red Deer of Chillingham. A picture by Sir Edwin Landseer (18031873), the most celebrated modern painter of animals. Red Horse. See VALE OF THE RED HORSE. Redentore, Il. [The Redeemer.] A grand and noted church of the sixteenth century in Venice, Italy. Redwood Library. A Doric building in Newport, R.I., erected in 1750, containing a small but choice collection of books, with some works of art. Some of the volumes in this library were pre sented by the King of England, and others by Bishop Berkeley. Reform Club. 1. A fine building in Pall Mall, London, is owned and occupied by the Reform Club, which was founded by Liberal members of the British Parliament, about the time the Reform Bill was passed, 1830-32. The club is composed of 1,000 members, not including those belonging to Parliament. "Let all strangers who come to London for business, or pleasure, or curiosity, or for whatever cause, not fail to visit the Reform Club. In an age of utilitarianism, and of the search for the comfortable, like ours, there is more to be learned here than in the ruins of the Coliseum, of the Parthenon, or of Memphis." Viscountess de Malleville. No Carlton Clubs, Reform Clubs, nor any sort of clubs or creatures or of accredited opinions or practices, can make a Lie Truth, can make Bribery a Propriety. Carlyle. 2. A marble club-house in Philadelphia, Penn. Reformation, The. A well-known picture by Wilhelm Kaulbach (1805-1874), the eminent Gerinan painter. [Called also the Epoch of the Reformation.] Reformation, Oak of. See OAK OF REFORMATION. Regalia. A general term, usually applied to a valuable collection of jewels and plate kept in the Tower, London. That portion of the Tower where the regalia is now kept is called the Wakefield Tower. A desperate but unsuccessful attempt was made in the reign of Charles II., by the ruffian Blood, to carry off the crown jewels. Blood, though captured, contrived by his great audacity to secure his own release, and even frightened the king into granting him a pension of £500 a year. Regent Diamond. See PITT DIA MOND. Regent Street. A street in London, nearly a mile in length, designed by John Nash in 1813, and named from his patron the Prince Regent. The street trends northwest by a Quadrant, giving a very ornamental appearance by its elegant shop-fronts. "Regent Street has appeared to me the greatest and most oppressive solitude in the world. . . . Here, it is wealth beyond competition, exclusiveness and indifference perfectly unapproachable." N. P. Willis. The gay old boys are paunchy old men in the disguise of young ones, who frequent the Quadrant and Regent Street in the daytime. Dickens. King Arthur's self Was commonplace to Lady Guenever; And Camelot to minstrels seemed as flat, As Regent Street to poets. Mrs. Browning. Regents, The. A picture by Ferdinand Bol (1611-1680), the Dutch painter, and considered his best work. It is in the "Leprosenhuys" at Amsterdam, Holland. Regent's Park. An extensive common or pleasure-ground in London, comprising 472 acres. It contains within its boundaries several handsome private residences. "Regent's Park is larger than Taine, Trans. Washington Junction, a station on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, nine miles from Baltimore, Md. It was noted in the Civil War as the spot seized by Gen. Butler, and from which he pushed on with the Massachusetts and New York troops to the occupation of Baltimore on the night of May 13, 1861. Religion and Philosophy. A noted picture by Taddeo Gaddi (1300-1352 ?). In the church of Sta. Maria Novella, Florence, Italy. Reliquary of St. Ursula. A celebrated shrine in the chapel of St. John's Hospital at Bruges, about four feet in length, the whole exterior of which is covered with miniature designs in oil by Hans Memling (d. 1495), the Flemish painter, representing scenes in the life of St. Ursula. These little pictures are described as among the best productions of the Flemish school. Reliques, Grandes. See GRANDES RELIQUES. the Jardin des Plantes and the Luxem- Rendezvous de Chasse. A picture by Adrian van de Velde bourg put together." (1639-1672), the Dutch painter. In the possession of Mr. Baring, London. He only left Bombay yesterday morning, was seen in the Red Sea on Tuesday, is engaged to dinner this afternoon in the Regent's Park, and (as it is about two minutes since I saw him in the court-yard) I make no doubt he is by this time at Alexandria or Malta. Thackeray. Regicides' Cave. A cavern in a rock near New Haven, Conn., where the regicides "Edward Whalley and William Goffe, two of the judges who had condemned Charles I. to death, and afterwards on the restoration of the Stuarts had escaped from England, were secreted and lived for some time. Reichenberg Castle. An interesting ruined castle overlooking the Rhine, near Goarshausen. It was built in 1284. Reichsveste. An ancient imperial castle at Nuremberg, Germany. Relay House. The name formerly given to what is now called |