Sir Charles Fellows from Xan thus, in Lycia, Asia Minor, in 1841, and now deposited in a room specially devoted to the purpose in the British Museum, London. [Called also the Lycian Marbles.] Lyon's Inn. A seminary of legal learning in London- - one of the nine inns of chancery. Lyon's Inn, once a hostelry, was destroyed in 1863. They cut his throat from ear to ear, Lysicrates. See CHORAGIC MONUMENT OF LYSICRATES. Lyversberg Passion. A painting of the Passion, or suffering of Christ, attributed to Israel von Meckenen (1440-1503), but really by an unknown master. It derives its name from having been owned by Herr Lyversberg. At Cologne, Germany. Mabille. See JARDIN MABILLE. M. "Altogether, perhaps, so ex. traordinary a natural marvel does not exist in the British dominions." OF MACHPELAH. Mr. and Mrs. Hall. Macaroni Club. A company of eccentric fops who flourished in England in the eighteenth cen- Machpelah, Cave of. See CAVE tury. They dressed in the most fantastic manner. One of their most noticeable peculiarities was wearing a large knot of hair upon the back of the head. Their name was derived from their having always upon the dinner-table a dish of macaroni, then a novelty in England. For a time these eccentric young men were the leaders of fashion in London. Every thing, from the costume of the clergy to the music at public entertainments, was à la Maca roni. "A winter without politics even our Macaronis entertain the town with nothing but new dresses, and the size of their nosegays. They have lost all their money, and exhausted their credit, and can no longer game for £20,000 a night." Horace Walpole. Macbeth's Cairn. This is supposed to be on the spot where Macbeth, flying from his castle at Dunsinane, was slain by Macduff. See DUNSINANE HILL. Macedonian, The. A British frigate captured in the war of 1812 by the United States frigate Constitution. McGill Street. A main thorough- M'Swine's Gun. A natural curiosity in the county of Donegal, Ireland. It is a prodigious cavity into which the tide rushes with such force as to produce a sound capable, it is said, of being heard distinctly a distance of between 20 and 30 miles, and shooting up a shaft of water some hundreds of feet into the air. Mad Margery. [Dutch, De dulle Griete.] An enormous piece of ordnance preserved at Ghent, Belgium. It is made of wrought iron, and was used by the citizens of Ghent at the siege of Oudenarde in 1382. Madama, Villa. See VILLA MA DAMA. Madame Tussaud's Exhibition. A famous exhibition of waxwork figures in London. It is situated in Baker Street. "Many of these, especially those relating to the French Revolution, were modelled from life, or death, by Madame Tussaud, who was herself imprisoned and in danger of the guillotine, with Madame Beauharnais and her child Hortense as her associates.' 99 Hare. Madeleine, The. This church is one of the most beautiful buildings in Paris. It was begun by Louis XV., and completed in the reign of Louis Philippe. It is of Grecian architecture. The principal façade looks upon the Rue Royale and the Place de la Concorde, and is very magnificent. The interior of the church is richly decorated in gilt and marble. It contains many paintings and sculptures illustrative of the life of the Magdalene. In May, 1871, 300 insurgents were driven by the Versailles troops into this church and there killed. "The most sumptuous fane ever erected to her [the Magdalen's] special honor is that which, of late years, has arisen in the city of Paris. The church, or rather temple, of La Madeleine stands an excelling monument, if not Madeleine, Boulevart de la. One of the boulevards of Paris, extending only about 600 feet from the church of the Madeleine. See BOULEVARDS. Madem's Well. See ST. MADEM'S WELL. Madison Square. A fashionable park in the city of New York, some six acres in extent, three miles from the Battery. It is bordered by magnificent hotels, and contains a monument erected to the memory of Gen. Worth. Miss Flora M'Flimsey, of Madison Square. W. A. Butler. Madison's Cave. A natural curiosity in Augusta County, Va. "It extends into the earth about 300 feet, branching into subordinate caverns, and at length terminates in two different places at basins of water of unknown extent. The vault of this cave is of solid limestone from 20 to 40 or 50 feet high, through which water is continually percolating. This trickling down the sides of the cave has incrusted them over in the form of elegant drapery.' Jefferson. Madness. One of two celebrated statues by Caius Gabriel Cibber (d. 1700?), which formerly adorned the principal gate of the old Bethlehem Hospital, London, and are now in the entrance-hall of the new Bethlem Hospital. The companion figure is called Melancholy. See MELANCHOLY. "These are the earliest indications of the appearance of a distinct and natural spirit in sculpture. Those who see them for the first time are fixed to the spot with terror and awe.... From the degradation of the actual madhouse we turn overpowered and disgusted, but from these magnifi cent creations we retire in mingled awe and admiration." Cunningham. Madonna. [My Lady, i.e. the Virgin Mary.] The favorite subject of pictorial representation by the great religious painters of the Middle Ages. "Of the pictures in our galleries, public or private, . . . the largest and most beautiful portion have reference to the Madonna, - her character, her person, her history. It was a theme which never tired her votaries, whether, as in the hands of great and sincere artists, it became one of the noblest and loveliest, or, as in the hands of superficial, unbelieving, time-serving artists, one of the most degraded. All that human genius, inspired by faith, could achieve of best; all that fanaticism, sensualism, atheism, could perpetrate of worst, do we find in the cycle of those representations which have been dedicated to the glory of the Virgin." Mrs. Jameson. Of the almost innumerable compositions upon this theme, a few of the more celebrated and familiar, especially those which bear a distinctive title, are given below. See also, for pictures relating to this subject, HOLY FAMILY and VIRGIN. Madonna. An altar-piece by Giovanni Cimabue (1240-1302?). In the church of S. Maria Novella, Florence, Italy. "In spite of its colossal size, and formal attitude and severe style, the face of this Madonna is very striking, and has been well described as 'sweet and unearthly, reminding you of a sibyl."" Mrs. Jameson. "It happened that this work was so much an object of admiration to the people of that day, they having then never seen any thing better, that it was carried in solemn procession, with the sound of trumpets and other festal demonstrations, from the house of Cimabue to the church. . . . All the men and women of Florence hastened in crowds to admire it, making all possible demonstrations of delight." Vasari, Trans. "We next saw the famous picture of the Virgin by Cimabue, which was deemed a miracle in its day, and still brightens the sombre walls with the lustre of its gold ground." Hawthorne. Bright and brave, That picture was accounted, mark, of old! A king stood bare before its sovran grace; A reverent people shouted to behold The picture, not the king; and even the place Containing such a miracle, grew bold, Named the glad Borgo from that beauteous face. A noble picture! worthy of the shout Wherewith along the streets the people bore Its cherub faces, which the sun threw out Madonna. A marble statue of the Virgin by Michael Angelo Buonarotti (1474-1564). In the Church of Notre Dame at Bruges, Belgium. "This Madonna is one of Michael Angelo's finest works. She is looking straight forward; a handkerchief is placed across her hair, and falls softly, on both sides, on her neck and shoulders. In her countenance, in her look, there is a wonderful majesty, a queenly gravity, as if she felt the thousand pious glances of the people who look up to her on the altar." Grimm, Trans. A well 66 Madonna Aldobrandini. known picture of the Virgin and Child by Raphael Sanzio (14831520), representing her as seated upon a bench, and bending tenderly toward the little St. John, her left arm around him; he reaches up playfully for a flower offered to him by the Infant Christ who rests on his mother's lap." This picture is now in the National Gallery, London. Madonna Ancajani. A picture of the Holy Family by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520), so called from a family of that name at Spoleto, Italy, to whom it formerly belonged. It is said to be the largest picture by Raphael in Germany, after the Sistine Madonna, Madonna at the Well. A picture by Giuliano Bugiardini (14811556). Formerly attributed to Raphael. In the Uffizi, Florence, Italy. Madonna col Divino Amore. [Madonna with the Divine Love.] A picture of the Holy Family by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520), or, as some think, by Giulio Romano (1492-1546). Now in the Museum of Naples, Italy. Madonna dei Ansidei. A picture by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520). Now at Blenheim, England. Madonna del Bacino. [Madonna of the Basin.] A well-known picture by Giulio Romano (14921546). In the gallery at Dresden, Saxony. 眼 "The Child stands in a basin, and the young St. John pours water upon him from a vase, while Mary washes him. St. Elisabeth stands by, holding a napkin; St. Joseph behind is looking on. Notwithstanding the homeliness of the action, there is here a religious and mysterious significance, prefiguring the Baptism." Mrs. Jameson. Madonna del Baldacchino. [Madonna of the Canopy.] 1. A celebrated altar-piece by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520), in which the Virgin and the Child are represented as seated on a throne over which is a canopy (baldacchino), the curtains of which are held by two angels. This picture was left unfinished by Raphael. It is [Ma Madonna del Cardellino. donna of the Goldfinch.] A beautiful painting of the Virgin_by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520). Now in the Tribune of the Uffizi Palace in Florence, Italy. The little St. John is represented as offering a goldfinch to the Infant Christ, whence the name of the picture. "The form and countenance of the Madonna are here of the purest beauty; the little Baptist also is extremely sweet; but the conception of the Infant Christ does not fulfil the master's intention, which appears to have been to represent the dignity of a divine being in a childlike form; both the figure and expression are rather stiff and affected." Eastlake. "Perhaps the most perfect example [of the domestic style of treatment] which could be cited from the whole range of art is Raphael's Madonna del Cardellino." "The Madonna Gran Duca marks the growing transition from the first to the second manner of Raphael." J. S. Harford. Madonna del Orto. A celebrated church of the fourteenth century in Venice, Italy. It contains among other pictures the famous Last Judgment of Tintoretto. Madonna del Passegio. [Madonna of the Walking-place.] A picture of the Holy Family, consisting of four figures, - the Virgin, the Child, the infant St. John, with St. Joseph standing by,commonly attributed to Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520), but which some suppose to have been painted by Francesco Penni. It was formerly in the Orleans Gallery, but is now in the Bridgewater Collection, in London. Copies of this picture are in the Museum of Naples, and elsewhere. "In a Holy Family of four figures, we have frequently the Virgin, the Child, and the infant St. John, with St. Joseph standing by. Raphael's Madonna del Passegio is an example." Mrs. Jameson. other Mrs. Jameson. "The divine goodness expressed in the countenance of the Child Jesus whilst he holds his hands over the little bird, and seems to say, 'Not one of these is forgotten by my Father,' is beyond all description." Frederika Bremer. See MA Madonna del Donatore. DONNA DI FOLIGNO. Madonna del Giglio. [Madonna of the Lily.] A picture by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520). In the collection of Lord Garvagh. Madonna del Gran Duca [of the Grand Duke]. A well-known picture by Raphael Sanzio (14831520), representing the Mother holding the Child tranquilly in her arms, and looking down in deep thought. In the Palazzo Pitti, Florence, Italy. Madonna del Pesce. [Madonna of the Fish.] A celebrated picture by Raphael Sanzio (14831520), representing the Virgin and Child enthroned, with St. Jerome on one side, and on the the an archangel with young Tobit who carries a fish. The picture derives its name from this last circumstance. is considered one of the finest of Raphael's Madonnas. This picture is now in the Gallery of Madrid, Spain. It "Tobias with the fish was an early type of baptism. In Raphael's Madonna dell' Pesce, he is introduced as the patron saint of the painter, but not without a reference to a more sacred meaning, that of the guardian spirit of all humanity." Mrs. Jameson. Madonna del Pozzo. [Madonna of the Well.] A picture attributed to Raphael (1483-1520), but thought by some to be the work of Giulio Romano (1492-1546). In the Tribune of the Uffizi, Florence, Italy. |