any, except such as are seen at watering-places and I shall probably never see another; for it is one of the good deeds of Louis Philippe's government, that, after having abolished lotteries, it has now ordered all public gaming. houses to be closed from Jan. 1, 1838, that is, in two days. This evening we found the rooms full, but not crowded." George Ticknor. "As we drove from the court, my companion, pulling the cordon, ordered to Frascati's. This, you know, of course, is the fashionable place of ruin; and here the heroes of all novels, and the rakes of all comedies, mar or make their fortunes. An evening dress and the look of a gentleman are the only required passport. Four large rooms, plainly but handsomely furnished, opened into each other, three of which were devoted to play and crowded with players." N. P. Willis. Frauenkirche, Die. [The Church of Our Lady.] A noted church in Dresden, Saxony. Its stone dome withstood the heaviest bombs during the war with Frederick the Great. Frederick, Fort. See FORT FRED ERICK. Frederick the Great. An equestrian statue in bronze, modelled by Christian Rauch (1777-1857), and upon which he was employed 10 years. It was erected in the Unter den Linden, Berlin, in 1851. The statue is 17 feet in height upon a pedestal of 25 feet in height, and upon the four sides of this pedestal are 31 portraitfigures of the size of life. This statue is regarded as one of the finest monuments in Europe. Freemasons' Tavern. A noted tavern in London, used among other purposes for public meetings. What Act of Parliament, debate at St. Stephen's, on the hustings or elsewhere, was it that brought this Shakespeare into being? Us dining at Freemasons' Tavern, opening subscription-lists, selling of shares, and infinite other jangling, and true or false endeavoring! Carlyle. Freiburg Minster. One of the noblest Gothic churches in Germany. It is a grand and gloomy pile, dating from the eleventh century, with a tower of beautiful fretwork, rising to the height of 395 feet. French Academy. See ACADÉMIE FRANÇAISE. Freshwater Cave. A romantic and curious cavern on the Isle of Wight, much frequented by tourists. Friar Bacon's Brazen Head. The most famous of all brazen heads was that of Roger Bacon, a monk of the thirteenth century. According to the legend, Bacon was occupied for seven years in constructing such a head; and he expected to be told by it how he could make a wall of brass around the whole island of Great Britain. The head was warranted to speak within a month after it was finished, but no particular time was named for its doing so. Bacon's man was therefore set to watch, with orders to call his master if the head should speak. At the end of half an hour after the man was left alone with the head, he heard it say, "Time is; at the expiration of another half-hour, "Time was; " and at the end of a third half-hour, "Time's past," when it fell down with a loud crash, and was shivered to pieces; but the stupid servant neglected to awake his master, thinking that he would be very angry to be disturbed for such trifles; and so the wall of brass has never been built. In the Middle Ages there was a pretty wide-spread belief in the existence of a talking brazen head, the invention of which was variously ascribed to persons living at different times and in different countries. William of Malmesbury, an old monkish historian, says that Gerbert, a famous French ecclesiastic, made such a head, which would speak when spoken to, and would give oracular answers to whatever questions were propounded to it. He relates, moreover, that Gerbert inquired of it whether he would ever be pope, and that the head told him he would. The prediction happened to prove true; for Gerbert afterwards became pope, under the name of Silvester the Second. In another instance, however, the oracle made a most unfortunate blunder; for it foretold that Silvester should not die until he had sung mass in Jerusalem, whereas he actually died in Rome, with the prophecy un- | fulfilled. Albertus Magnus, one of the greatest of the old schoolmen, is alleged to have made an entire man out of brass, which not only answered questions very readily and correctly, but was so loquacious that Thomas Aquinas, a reserved and contemplative person,-at that time a pupil to Albertus Magnus, and subsequently an illus trious doctor of the church,-knocked the image to pieces merely to stop its talking. But the thing we meant to enforce, was this comfortable fact, that no known Head was so wooden, but there might be other heads to which it were a genius and Friar Bacon's Oracle. Carlyle. Friedrich Strasse. [Frederick Street.] An important street and thoroughfare in Berlin, Prussia. Frog-Pond. A small basin of water in Boston Common, regarded by the inhabitants with an esteem disproportioned to its size. "There are those who speak lightly of this small aqueous expanse, the eye of the sacred enclosure, which has looked unwinking on the happy faces of so many natives and the curi ous features of so many strangers. The music of its twilight minstrels has long ceased, but their memory lingers like an echo in the name it bears. For art thou not the Palladium of our Troy? Didst thou not, like the Divine image which was the safeguard of Ilium, fall from the skies, and if the Trojan could look with pride upon the heaven-descended form of the Goddess of Wisdom, cannot he who dwells by thy shining oval look in that mirror and contemplate Himself, - the Native of Boston?" Holmes. After a man begins to attack the StateHouse, when he gets bitter about the Frog-pond, you may be sure there is not much left of him. Holmes. Frugal Meal. An admired picture by John Frederick Herring (17941865). In the National Gallery, London. Fruit-venders, The. A picture by Bartolomé Esteban Murillo (1618-1682). In the Pinakothek, Munich, Bavaria. Fuentes. A ruined fort on a rocky eminence at the head of Lake Como, Italy. Fuentes once harbored the good and the brave, Nor to her was the dance of soft pleasure unknown; Her banners for festal enjoyment did wave While the thrill of her fifes through the mountains was blown. Wordsworth. Fuite de Jacob. [Jacob's Flight.] Fulham Palace. An ancient man- Fuller's Field. A locality in Je- Fulton Street. The main thor- Furlo Pass. A celebrated pass in Furness Abbey. A beautiful ruined monastery, near Ulverston, in the "Lake District" of England. It was founded by King Stephen in 1127. The remains of this once magnificent abbey are now the property of the Duke of Devonshire. God, with a mighty and an outstretched Stays thee from sinking, and ordains to be Stand as a sign, monastic prophet stand! G. Gadshill. The residence of the late Charles Dickens (1812-1870), and the scene of Falstaff's famous exploit, at a town of the same name near Rochester, England. Seamen who had just been paid off at Chatham were often compelled to deliver their purses on Gadshill, celebrated near a hundred years earlier by the greatest of poets as the scene of the depredations of Poins and Falstaff. Macaulay. Gaillard. The famous castle of "This magnificent ruin of the favorite castle of Richard I. is on the banks of the Seine, near Les Andelys, the birthplace of Poussin, and the retreat of Thomas Corneille. A single year sufficed to form its immense fosses, and to raise those walls which might seem to be the structure of a lifetime. When Cœur de Lion saw it finished, he is said to have exclaimed with exulta tion, 'How beautiful she is, this daughter of a year!"" Longfellow's Poems of Places. As built at once by elfin hands, It might be thought that Merlin's imps Galatea. "Raphael not only designed but executed this fresco; and faded as is its coloring, the mind must be dead to the highest beauties of painting that can contemplate it without admiration. The spirit and beauty of the composition, the pure and perfect design, the flowing outline, the soft and graceful contours, and the sentiment and sweetness of the expression, all remain unchanged; for time, till it totally obliterates, has no power to injure them." C. A. Eaton. Galatea is an image of beauty of soul united to that of the body. It is indeed a sort of glorified human nature, or rather a goddess clad in human form. Passavant. I must not omit that incomparable table of Galatea (so I remember) carefully preserved to protect it from the air, being a most lively painting. John Evelyn, 1644. On the maternal side I inherit the love- Bijoux. A beautiful fresco in the Farnesina, Rome, by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520), representing the goddess borne over the waves in a shell drawn by dolphins, with tritons and nymphs playing around her. "This is one of the most beautiful compositions that art has produced, imbued with a sense of life and enjoyment that is perfectly enchanting." Eastlake, Handbook of Painting. "His Galatea' is a work which explains the diversity between Michael Angelo and Raphael, manifesting the exquisite refinement of the latter, and his tendency toward that pure, noble, graceful manner which constituted the beau-ideal of the ancient Greeks." Quatremère de Quincy. Galerie de la Colonnade. Three fine halls in the east wing of the Louvre, Paris. Here are placed the paintings of the Musée Napoléon III., bought by the Government from the Marquis Campana. Galerie des Glaces. [Grand Galerie de Louis XIV.] An elegant room - one of the most magnificent in the world- in the centre of the palace of Versailles, France. It is 239 feet long, 33 feet wide, 23 feet high, and is profusely ornamented. Upon the walls are paintings in honor of the glory of Louis XIV. Balls and fêtes were held here until the Revolution, and on great occasions the throne was moved into this room. The last ball given here was opened by Queen Victoria (in whose honor it was held) and the emperor, in August, 1855. "Look at this Galerie des Glaces,' cries Monsieur Vatout, staggering with surprise at the appearance of the room, two hundred and forty-two feet long, and forty high. Here it was that Louis displayed all the grandeur of royalty; and such was the splendor of his court, and the luxury of the times, that this immense room could hardly contain the crowd of courtiers that pressed around the monarch. Wonderful! wonderful! Eight thousand four hundred and sixty square feet of courtiers! Give a square yard to each, and you have a matter of three thousand of them. Think of three thousand courtiers per day, and all the chopping and changing of them for near forty years; some dying, some getting their wishes and retiring to their provinces to enjoy their plunder, some disgraced and going home to pine away out of the light of the sun; new ones perpetually arriving, - pushing, squeezing, for their place in the crowded Galerie des Glaces."" Thackeray. Galilee Porch. The name given to an entrance vestibule of the Cathedral of Durham in England, regarded as one of the archæological and art treasures of Great Britain. "This unusual apartment, the Lady Chapel practically, was built especially as a place of worship for women, who were not admitted into the main church, on account of a violent antipathy for the sex felt by its patron saint, the reputed Anthony-like-tempted Cuthbert." J. F. Hunnewell. Galileo's Tower. [Ital. Torre del Gallo.] A structure in the neighborhood of Florence, Italy, thought to have been the tower from which Galileo made astronomical observations. The towering Campanile's height Where Galileo found his starry chair. J. E. Reade. Galla Placidia, Mausoleum of. See MAUSOLEUM OF GALLA PLACIDIA. Galleria Lapidaria. [Lapidary Gallery, or Gallery of Inscriptions.] A corridor in the Vatican Palace, Rome, of great length, the sides of which are covered with pagan and with early Christian inscriptions. The walls of this corridor are also lined with sarcophagi, funeral urns, and oth er ornaments. Galleria Vittorio Emanuele. A beautiful and costly edifice in Milan, Italy. Used for purposes of trade. Gallery of Gondo. This gallery, or tunnel, on the Simplon road through the Alps, is cut through a solid rock. The work was accomplished by 18 months of unintermitted labor, day and night. The gallery is 683 feet in length, and bears the inscription "Aere Italo 1805 Nap. Imp.' Gallienus, Palace of. A ruined palace, and relic of Roman times, in Bordeaux, France. |