"All the tears we shed over Miss Porter's William Wallace seem to rise up like a many-colored mist about it. The highest peak of the rock is still called Wallace's Seat, and a part of the castle, Wallace's Tower; and in one of its apartments a huge two-handed sword of the hero is still shown. I suppose, in fact, Miss Porter's sentimental hero is about as much like the real William Wallace as Daniel Boone is like Sir Charles Grandison. Many a young lady who has cried herself sick over Wallace in the novel, would have been in perfect horror if she could have seen the real man. Still Dumbarton Castle is not a whit the less picturesque for that."

Mrs. II. B. Stowe.

Dunamase, Rock of. See ROCK OF
DUNAMASE.
Dunderberg.

[Thunder Mountain.] An eminence on the Hudson river at Caldwell's Landing, associated with romantic legends.

"The captains of the river craft talk of a little bulbous-bottomed Dutch goblin, in trunk hose and sugar-loaf hat, with a speaking-trumpet in his hand, which they say keeps the Donder Berg. They declare that they have heard him in stormy weather, in the midst of the turmoil, giving orders in Low Dutch for the piping up of a fresh gust of wind, or the rattling off of another thunder-clap. Several

events of this kind having taken place, the regular skippers of the river for a long time did not venture to pass the Donder Berg without lowering their peaks, out of homage to the Heer of the mountains; and it was observed that all such as paid this tribute of respect were suffered to pass unmolested." Washington Irving. Dundonald Castle. An ancient feudal mansion, now in ruins, near the town of Troon, in Scotland. King Robert II. of Scotland lived here before his accession to the throne.

"Dr. Johnson, to irritate my old Scottish enthusiasm, was very jocular on the homely accommodation of King Bob, and roared and laughed till the ruins echoed." Boswell. Dundrennan Abbey. An ancient and once celebrated monastic establishment near Kirkcubbright, in Scotland, and near the sea. was built in 1140 by King David for Cistercian monks from Rievaulx. Queen Mary is said to

It

Dunfermline Abbey. A famous burial-place of the Scottish kings. The original edifice was founded in the eleventh century. The existing building is of the present century. The Palace of Dunfermline was a favorite residence of the kings of Scotland. Dunloe Cave. A singular cave near the entrance to the Gap of Dunloe, in the county of Kerry, Ireland. It is remarkable for some ancient stones which it contains, inscribed with the old Ogham characters, said to have been used in Ireland long before the era of Christianity. It is conjectured that this writing may be a relic of the old Phoenician writing introduced by a colony into Ireland.

Dunloe Gap. A noted pass about four miles in length, in the county of Kerry, Ireland.

"The visitor is at once convinced that he is about to visit a scene rarely paralleled for wild grandeur and stern magnificence; the singular character of the deep ravine would seem to confirm the popular tradition that it was produced by a stroke of the sword of one of the giants of old, which divided the mountains and left them apart forever. Anywhere, and under any circumstances, this rugged and gloomy pass would be a most striking object; but its interest and importance are no doubt considerably enhanced by

been woven in a loom. Bushàrat Ali informed me that the Durgah was erected in one year, and that it cost 37 lacs of rupees,-$1,750,000."

Durham Castle.

Bayard Taylor. One of the noble

remains of antiquity in the North of England, different portions of which date back to different periods. A great part of it is supposed to be no older than William the Conqueror; but there must have been a fortress before that time. The old keep, which commands beautiful views, is divided into rooms which are occupied by students of the university.

Gray towers of Durham! there was once a time

I viewed your battlements with such vague hope

As brightens life in its first dawning prime;

Well yet I love thy mixed and massive
piles,

Half church of God, half castle 'gainst the
Scot,

And long to roam these venerable aisles,
With records stored of deeds long since
forgot.
Scott.

Durham Cathedral. One of the noblest ecclesiastical edifices in England. It was founded in 1093; is 507 feet in length, 200 feet in breadth, and has a tower 214 feet in height. It is of massive Norman architecture.

Durham House. A noble mansion in London in former days, situated on the Strand. It was at one time in the possession of Sir Walter Raleigh. A part of the site is now occupied by the Adelphi Terrace.

Durham Terrace. A terrace at Quebec, Canada, 200 feet above the river, and commanding a magnificent view. The terrace, which is a favorite promenade, stands upon the platform and buttresses where was formerly the Château of St. Louis, built by Champlain in 1620.

"There is not in the world a nobler outlook than that from the terrace at Quebec. You stand upon a rock overhanging city and river, and look down upon the guard-ships' masts. Acre upon acre of timber comes float

ing down the stream above the city, the Canadian boat-songs just reaching you upon the heights.' Sir Charles Dilke. Durrenstein. A famous ruined castle on the Danube, near Linz, once the prison of Richard Cœur de Lion.

Düsseldorf Gallery. A gallery of paintings in Düsseldorf, Germany, founded at the beginning of the eighteenth century. In 1805 all the finest pictures in the gallery were taken to Munich by Max. Joseph, king of Bavaria, and are now in the Pinakothek. The gallery, however, still contains many valuable sketches and drawings by celebrated artists. Düsseldorf Madonna. A name sometimes given to a picture of a Holy Family by Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520), formerly in Düsseldorf, but now in the Pinakothek at Munich, Bavaria.

"Christ and St. John attending to each other; the Virgin sitting on the ground looking at St. John; St. Joseph behind with both hands on his staff... altogether a very regular pyramid." Sir Joshua Reynolds.

Dying Gladiator. A famous work of ancient sculpture, representing a Gaul dying, and supposed to be one of a series of figures illustrating the incursion of the Gauls into Greece. The best authorities now regard this wonderful statue as that of a dying Gaul, and not a gladiator, though some have looked upon it as either the original work or a copy of a statue by Ctesilaus (Cresilas), a Grecian sculptor, and contemporary of Phidias. It is now preserved in the museum of the Capitol at Rome. The right arm of this statue has been restored. It is not positively known by whom this restoration was made; but the work has been credited to Michael Angelo on the ground that no one else could have done it. See BORGHESE GLADIATOR and WOUNDED GLADIATOR.

"Here is a real and not an ideal statue: the figure, nevertheless, is beautiful, because men of this class devoted their lives to exercising naked."

Taine, Trans.

I must never forget the famous statue of the Gladiator spoken of by Pliny, so much follow'd by all the rare artists, as the many copies testify, dispersed through almost all Europe, both in stone and metal. John Evelyn, 1644.

I see before me the Gladiator lie:
He leans upon his hand-his manly brow
Consents to death, but conquers agony.
Byron.

It was that room, in the centre of which reclines the noble and most pathetic figure of the Dying Gladiator, just sinking into his death-swoon. Hawthorne.

Dying Magdalene. A well-known work of sculpture by Antonio Canova (1757-1822).

Ear of Dionysius. In the neighborhood of Syracuse, in Sicily, is a cave of great depth, which is said to have been built by Dionysius the Elder, a tyrant, or usurper, who was born about B.C. 430, and died B.C.367, in the sixtythird year of his age, and the thirty-ninth of his rule. This cave was 250 feet long and 80 feet high. It was fashioned in the form of a human ear; and the faintest sounds were carried from all parts to a central chamber, which corresponded to the tympanum, or drum, of the ear. In this remarkable whispering gallery, Dionysius imprisoned all who were the objects of his suspicions; while he himself was in the habit of passing entire days in the innermost chamber, listening to the conversation of his victims, in order that he might ascertain for himself who were really his enemies. Ancient writers tell us that the workmen who constructed the cavern were put to death to prevent them from divulging the use to which it was to be put, and that whole families were sometimes confined in it at once. Modern travellers relate that even at the present day, notwithstanding the changes which have been wrought by time, the echo is such that the tearing of a sheet of paper at the entrance can be distinctly heard in the remotest part. Pieces of iron and lead have been found in making excavations, and they are thought to be the remains of the chains and staples by which the prisoners were confined.

This serpent in the wall is arranged for hearing. It is an Ear of Dionysius. George Sand, Trans.

Nevertheless, even in the height of his glory, he [Voltaire] has a strange sensitiveness to the judgment of the world: could he have contrived a Dionysius' Ear, in the Rue Traversière, we should have found him watching at it night and day.

Carlyle.

Earthly Love. An admired pic ture by Caravaggio (1569-1609). In the Berlin Museum. East India Docks. These docks, in London, originally built for the East India Company, have been, since the opening of the trade to India, the property of the East and West India Companies. They were opened in 1806. See WEST INDIA DOCKS.

Captain Cuttle lived on the brink of a little canal near the India Docks, where there was a swivel bridge, which opened now and then to let some wandering monster of a ship come roaming up the street like a stranded leviathan.

East

of

Dickens.

house

India House. The the East India Company, "the most celebrated commercial association of ancient or modern times." It was situated in Leadenhall Street, London, and was taken down in 1862, its celebrated museum having been removed to Fife House, Whitehall. The museum is now at the South Kensington Museum. Hoole, the translator of Tasso, Charles Lamb, and James Mill, the historian of British India, were clerks in the East India House.

"My printed works were my recreations: my true works may be found on the shelves in Leadenhall Street, filling some hundred folios."

Charles Lamb.

Scandinavian Thor, who once forged his bolts in icy Hecla, and built galleys by lonely fiords, in England, has advanced with the times, has shorn his beard, enters Parliament, sits down at a desk in the India House, and lends Miollnir to Birmingham for a steam hammer. Emerson.

East India Marine Hall. A building in Salem, Mass., containing collections of the Essex Institute and of the East India Marine Society. The scientific cabinets of the Essex Institute are extensive and well-arranged, and the collections of the Marine Society in